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In the Light of Evolution, Volume II: Biodiversity and Extinction (2008)
National Academy of Sciences (NAS)

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. "17 Further Engaging the Public on Biodiversity Issues--PETER J. BRYANT." In the Light of Evolution, Volume II: Biodiversity and Extinction. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2008.

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In the Light of Evolution: Volume II—Biodiversity and Extinction

With bald eagles, students can collaborate with a biologist using satellite telemetry to track bald eagles to their nests in Canada. Regular reports are posted so that participants can see how their observations are used.

One of the best known and watched migratory species on Journey North is the monarch butterfly. However, both eastern and western populations of monarchs in North America appear to be in serious decline. For the eastern population, the number reaching their forested wintering grounds in Mexico in 2005 was the lowest since record keeping began about 30 years ago. For the western population, butterflies roosting at Pismo Beach, California, have had population fluctuations in the past, but there has been a steady decline from 115,000 in 1998–1999 to 22,000 in 2006–2007 (Barlow, 2008).

The annual migration of the California gray whale off the coast of California has been intensively monitored for 24 consecutive seasons by volunteers from the Los Angeles Chapter of the American Cetacean Society (Schulman-Janiger, 2007). Both southbound (December–February) and northbound (February–May) migrants are monitored from the Point Vicente Interpretive Center, 125 feet above sea level on the Palos Verdes Peninsula (Schulman-Janiger, 2007). In the 2006–2007 season, the census station operated for 166 days, averaging over 12 hours per day. Seventy-four volunteers contributed 7,697 effort hours on the program. Since many of the whales use offshore migratory routes, the counts cannot be used to determine the absolute population size, but they do provide useful data on seasonal use of the nearshore migratory path, reproductive rates, long-term population trends and behaviors including breaching, spyhopping, rolling, courtship, nursing, possible feeding, and interaction with other marine mammals and humans. The program also provides data on many other marine mammals that frequent the area.

Limits to Engagement

Although engaging the public in biodiversity is often essential to generating the political support needed for biodiversity conservation, some areas become so popular with the public that limits must be placed on visitation. National parks, of course, must limit visitation in order to preserve the resource and to maintain the quality of the experience for visitors. But similar problems exist outside the parks, as we have seen locally with tidepools, always a source of fascination for visitors but seriously limited in area and highly vulnerable to damage by collecting and trampling. This problem has been addressed in a new and quantitative way by the Tidepool Education Interpretive Program at the Treasure Island Seashore in Laguna Beach (Rosaler, 2007). Over a one-year period, 29,363

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Front Matter (R1-R18)
Part I: Contemporary Patterns and Processes in Animals (1-4)
1 Ecological Extinction and Evolution in the Brave New Ocean--JEREMY B. C. JACKSON (5-26)
2 Are We in the Midst of the Sixth Mass Extinction? A View from the World of Amphibians--DAVID B. WAKE and VANCE T. VREDENBURG (27-44)
3 Patterns of Biodiversity and Endemism on Indo-West Pacific Coral Reefs--MARJORIE L. REAKA, PAULA J. RODGERS, and ALEXEI U. KUDLA (45-62)
4 Homage to Linnaeus: How Many Parasites? How Many Hosts?--ANDY DOBSON, KEVIN D. LAFFERTY, ARMAND M. KURIS, RYAN F. HECHINGER, and WALTER JETZ (63-82)
Part II: Contemporary Patterns and Processes in Plants and Microbes (83-84)
5 Species Invasions and Extinction: The Future of Native Biodiversity on Islands--DOV F. SAX and STEVEN D. GAINES (85-106)
6 How Many Tree Species Are There in the Amazon and How Many of Them Will Go Extinct?--STEPHEN P. HUBBELL, FANGLIANG HE, RICHARD CONDIT, LUIS BORDA-DE-ÁGUA, JAMES KELLNER, and HANS TER STEEGE (107-126)
7 Microbes on Mountainsides: Contrasting Elevational Patterns of Bacterial and Plant Diversity--JESSICA A. BRYANT, CHRISTINE LAMANNA, HÉLÈNE MORLON, ANDREW J. KERKHOFF, BRIAN J. ENQUIST, and JESSICA L. GREEN (127-148)
8 Resistance, Resilience, and Redundancy in Microbial Communities--STEVEN D. ALLISON and JENNIFER B. H. MARTINY (149-166)
Part III: Trends and Processes in the Paleontological Past (167-170)
9 Extinction as the Loss of Evolutionary History--DOUGLAS H. ERWIN (171-188)
10 Extinction and the Spatial Dynamics of Biodiversity--DAVID JABLONSKI (189-206)
11 Dynamics of Origination and Extinction in the Marine Fossil Record--JOHN ALROY (207-226)
12 Megafauna Biomass Tradeoff as a Driver of Quaternary and Future Extinctions--ANTHONY D. BARNOSKY (227-242)
Part IV: Prospects for the Future (243-246)
13 A Phylogenetic Perspective on the Distribution of Plant Diversity--MICHAEL J. DONOGHUE (247-262)
14 Phylogenetic Trees and the Future of Mammalian Biodiversity--T. JONATHAN DAVIES, SUSANNE A. FRITZ, RICHARD GRENYER, C. DAVID L. ORME, JON BIELBY, OLAF R. P. BININDA-EMONDS, MARCEL CARDILLO, KATE E. JONES, JOHN L. GITTLEMAN, GEORGINA M. MACE, and ANDY PURVIS (263-280)
15 Three Ambitious (and Rather Unorthodox) Assignments for the Field of Biodiversity Genetics--JOHN C. AVISE (281-296)
16 Engaging the Public in Biodiversity Issues--MICHAEL J. NOVACEK (297-316)
17 Further Engaging the Public on Biodiversity Issues--PETER J. BRYANT (317-328)
18 Where Does Biodiversity Go from Here? A Grim Business-as-Usual Forecast and a Hopeful Portfolio of Partial Solutions--PAUL R. EHRLICH and ROBERT M. PRINGLE (329-346)
References (347-394)
Index (395-414)