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In the Light of Evolution: Volume II—Biodiversity and Extinction
Braulio Carrillo National Park, 38
Brazil
Amazonian tree species, 107 , 108 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 -116 , 117 , 118 -124 , 338
amphibian species, 32
biofuel production, 335
deforestation rates, 298 , 330 , 335
Bromeliaceae, 259
Brown, Elisabeth, 319
Brown widow spider, 323 -324
Bryant, Jessica A., 84 , 127 -147
Bryant, Peter J., 245 , 317 -327
Bryozoans, 179 , 180 , 184 , 197
Bufo spp., 33 , 37
Bugguide web site, 320 -321
Butterfly monitoring, 321 -323 , 324 , 325 , 327
C
Cactaceae, 250
Caecilians, 2 , 27 , 31 , 43
California
Academy of Sciences, 313
Channel Islands, 92
chaparral, 254 -256
Coastal Commission, 326
conservation initiatives, 245 , 295 , 313 , 318 -327
Orange County, 245 , 318 -327
plant species richness, 92
salt marshes, 70
Sierra Nevada amphibians, 27 -28 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 38 , 30 , 40 , 41
California gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica ), 319
California least tern, 327
Cambrian
biotic recoveries, 186 , 210 , 212
Burgess Shale fauna, 176
developmental diversity, 181
diversity patterns, 186 , 212 , 215 , 223
extinctions, 175 , 182 , 185
food webs, 179
reefs, 179 -180
temporal banding, 287
Cane toad (Bufo marinus ), 42
Captain Dave’s Dolphin Safari, 323
Carbon, 18 , 136 , 137 , 142 , 146 , 150 , 154 , 155 , 157 , 165 , 183 , 309 , 329 , 332 , 335 , 339
Carbon dioxide, 18 , 154 , 155 , 157 , 165 , 332
Carcharhinus spp., 9
Cardillo, Marcel, 263 -279
Caribbean
coral reefs, 10 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 47
monk seal, 21
recovery from mass extinctions, 198 , 221
Carnivores, 9 , 10 , 31 , 89 , 90 , 101 , 177 , 191 , 235 , 239 , 240 , 265 , 273 , 274 -275 , 333
Carpinteria Salt Marsh, 70
Carrying capacities for ecosystems, 185 -186 , 236 -237
Caryophyllales, 250
Ceanothus , 254
Cenozoic
diversity increases, 174 , 209 , 212
extinctions, 48 , 59 , 174 , 187 , 189 , 202 , 217
hotspots and coldspots, 204
invasive species, 189
mollusks, 174 , 192 , 193 , 202
reefs, 180
species counts, 212
Center of accumulation hypothesis, 48 -49
Central America
amphibians, 37 , 39
chytridiomycosis in amphibians, 37 , 38
isthmus, 59
Central Pacific, coral reefs, 2 , 19 , 20 , 22 , 45 , 47 , 53 , 54 , 61
CENTURY model, 151
Cephalopods, 195
Cestodes, 2 , 64 , 68 , 69 , 72
Chaetognatha, 66
Chavez, Hugo, 331
Chesapeake Bay, 7 , 13 , 15
China, viii , 32
Chondrichthys, 68 , 72
Chordata, 66
Christmas Island, 104 , 106
Chytridiomycosis, 2 , 35 -37 , 38 , 42 , 44
Ciliophora, 66
Citizen science, 313 -314 , 318 -327
Clark University, vii
Climate change
adaptation to, 247 , 249 , 250 -251 , 252 , 254 -255 , 258 , 260 -261
and amphibian declines, 2 , 30 , 38 -41 , 42 , 44
and avian-parasite diversity, 75 -76
bolide impacts and, 28 -29
cloud line, 39
and coral reefs, 21 , 22 , 23 , 26 , 46 , 332
El Niño conditions, 17 , 38
