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In the Light of Evolution: Volume II—Biodiversity and Extinction
TABLE 4.1 Estimates of Mean Number of Parasite Species per Host, Mean Host Specificity, and Global Species Richness for the Parasitic Trematodes, Cestodes, Nematodes, and Acanthocephalans That Parasitize Each of the Major Vertebrate Taxa of Hosts [after Poulin and Morand, 2004)]
Parasite Species
Host Species (known no. of host species)
Chondrichthys (843)
Osteichthys (18,150)
Amphibia (4,975)
Reptilia (6,300)
Aves (9,040)
Mammalia (4,637)
Total (43,945)
Mean parasite species per host species
Trematoda
0.12
2.04
1.27
1.06
3.24
1.61
Cestoda
2.71
1.57
0.27
0.39
3.67
1.89
Acanthocephala
—
1.01
0.19
0.42
0.72
0.28
Nematoda
0.48
1.49
2.82
2.15
3.32
3.90
Mean host specificity
Trematoda
2.00
6.35
5.40
1.77
2.97
2.01
Cestoda
1.69
6.38
4.75
2.21
2.36
1.89
Acanthocephala
—
14.95
6.74
12.50
8.35
4.32
Nematoda
2.67
10.28
5.27
2.12
3.28
6.07
Estimated global species richness
Trematoda
51
5,831
1,170
3,773
9,862
3,714
24,401
Cestoda
1,352
4,466
283
1,112
14,058
4,637
25,908
Acanthocephala
—
1,226
140
212
779
301
2,658
Nematoda
152
2,631
2,662
6,389
9,150
2,979
23,963
Total
1,555
14,154
4,225
11,486
33,849
11,631
76,930
Front Matter (R1-R18)
Part I: Contemporary Patterns and Processes in Animals (1-4)
1 Ecological Extinction and Evolution in the Brave New Ocean--JEREMY B. C. JACKSON (5-26)
2 Are We in the Midst of the Sixth Mass Extinction? A View from the World of Amphibians--DAVID B. WAKE and VANCE T. VREDENBURG (27-44)
3 Patterns of Biodiversity and Endemism on Indo-West Pacific Coral Reefs--MARJORIE L. REAKA, PAULA J. RODGERS, and ALEXEI U. KUDLA (45-62)
4 Homage to Linnaeus: How Many Parasites? How Many Hosts?--ANDY DOBSON, KEVIN D. LAFFERTY, ARMAND M. KURIS, RYAN F. HECHINGER, and WALTER JETZ (63-82)
Part II: Contemporary Patterns and Processes in Plants and Microbes (83-84)
5 Species Invasions and Extinction: The Future of Native Biodiversity on Islands--DOV F. SAX and STEVEN D. GAINES (85-106)
6 How Many Tree Species Are There in the Amazon and How Many of Them Will Go Extinct?--STEPHEN P. HUBBELL, FANGLIANG HE, RICHARD CONDIT, LUIS BORDA-DE-ÁGUA, JAMES KELLNER, and HANS TER STEEGE (107-126)
7 Microbes on Mountainsides: Contrasting Elevational Patterns of Bacterial and Plant Diversity--JESSICA A. BRYANT, CHRISTINE LAMANNA, HÉLÈNE MORLON, ANDREW J. KERKHOFF, BRIAN J. ENQUIST, and JESSICA L. GREEN (127-148)
8 Resistance, Resilience, and Redundancy in Microbial Communities--STEVEN D. ALLISON and JENNIFER B. H. MARTINY (149-166)
Part III: Trends and Processes in the Paleontological Past (167-170)
9 Extinction as the Loss of Evolutionary History--DOUGLAS H. ERWIN (171-188)
10 Extinction and the Spatial Dynamics of Biodiversity--DAVID JABLONSKI (189-206)
11 Dynamics of Origination and Extinction in the Marine Fossil Record--JOHN ALROY (207-226)
12 Megafauna Biomass Tradeoff as a Driver of Quaternary and Future Extinctions--ANTHONY D. BARNOSKY (227-242)
Part IV: Prospects for the Future (243-246)
13 A Phylogenetic Perspective on the Distribution of Plant Diversity--MICHAEL J. DONOGHUE (247-262)
14 Phylogenetic Trees and the Future of Mammalian Biodiversity--T. JONATHAN DAVIES, SUSANNE A. FRITZ, RICHARD GRENYER, C. DAVID L. ORME, JON BIELBY, OLAF R. P. BININDA-EMONDS, MARCEL CARDILLO, KATE E. JONES, JOHN L. GITTLEMAN, GEORGINA M. MACE, and ANDY PURVIS (263-280)
15 Three Ambitious (and Rather Unorthodox) Assignments for the Field of Biodiversity Genetics--JOHN C. AVISE (281-296)
16 Engaging the Public in Biodiversity Issues--MICHAEL J. NOVACEK (297-316)
17 Further Engaging the Public on Biodiversity Issues--PETER J. BRYANT (317-328)
18 Where Does Biodiversity Go from Here? A Grim Business-as-Usual Forecast and a Hopeful Portfolio of Partial Solutions--PAUL R. EHRLICH and ROBERT M. PRINGLE (329-346)
References (347-394)
Index (395-414)
