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Global Security Engagement: A New Model for Cooperative Threat Reduction (2009)

Chapter: Appendix A: H.R. 1585: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: H.R. 1585: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008." National Academy of Sciences. 2009. Global Security Engagement: A New Model for Cooperative Threat Reduction. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12583.
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Page 129
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: H.R. 1585: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008." National Academy of Sciences. 2009. Global Security Engagement: A New Model for Cooperative Threat Reduction. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12583.
×
Page 130
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: H.R. 1585: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008." National Academy of Sciences. 2009. Global Security Engagement: A New Model for Cooperative Threat Reduction. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12583.
×
Page 131
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: H.R. 1585: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008." National Academy of Sciences. 2009. Global Security Engagement: A New Model for Cooperative Threat Reduction. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12583.
×
Page 132

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Appendix A H.R. 1585: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008 TITLE XIII—COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION WITH STATES OF THE FORMER SOVIET UNION SEC. 1306. NEW INITIATIVES FOR THE COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION PROGRAM. (a) Sense of Congress- It is the sense of Congress that—  the Department of Defense Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR) pro- (1) gram should be strengthened and expanded, in part by developing new CTR initiatives; (2) such new initiatives should— (A) be well-coordinated with the Department of Energy, the Depart- ment of State, and any other relevant United States Government agency or department;  include appropriate transparency and accountability mechanisms, (B) and legal frameworks and agreements between the United States and CTR partner countries;  reflect engagement with non-governmental experts on possible new (C) options for the CTR program; (D) include work with the Russian Federation and other countries to establish strong CTR partnerships that, among other things— 129

130 APPENDIX A  increase the role of scientists and government officials of CTR (i) partner countries in designing CTR programs and projects; and  increase financial contributions and additional commitments to (ii) CTR programs and projects from Russia and other partner countries, as appropriate, as evidence that the programs and projects reflect national priorities and will be sustainable;  include broader international cooperation and partnerships, and (E) increased international contributions;  incorporate a strong focus on national programs and sustainability, (F) which includes actions to address concerns raised and recommenda- tions made by the Government Accountability Office, in its report of February 2007 titled “Progress Made in Improving Security at Russian Nuclear Sites, but the Long-Term Sustainability of U.S. Funded Security Upgrades is Uncertain,” which pertain to the Department of Defense; (G) continue to focus on the development of CTR programs and projects that secure nuclear weapons; secure and eliminate chemical and biological weapons and weapons-related materials; and eliminate nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons-related delivery vehicles and infrastructure at the source; and  include efforts to develop new CTR programs and projects in Russia (H) and the former Soviet Union, and in countries and regions outside the former Soviet Union, as appropriate and in the interest of United States national security; and (3) such new initiatives could include—  programs and projects in Asia and the Middle East; and (A)  activities relating to the denuclearization of the Democratic People’s (B) Republic of Korea. (b) National Academy of Sciences Study-  STUDY- Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of (1) this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall enter into an arrangement with the National Academy of Sciences under which the Academy shall carry out a study to analyze options for strengthening and expanding the CTR Program.

APPENDIX A 131  MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED IN STUDY- The Secretary shall pro- (2) vide for the study under paragraph (1) to include—  an assessment of new CTR initiatives described in subsection (a); (A) and  an identification of options and recommendations for strengthening (B) and expanding the CTR Program. (3) SUBMISSION OF NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES REPORT- The National Academy of Sciences shall submit to Congress a report on the study under this subsection at the same time that such report is submitted to the Secretary of Defense pursuant to subsection (c). (c) Secretary of Defense Report-  IN GENERAL- Not later than 90 days after receipt of the report under (1) subsection (b), the Secretary of Defense shall submit to Congress a report on new CTR initiatives. The report shall include—  a summary of the results of the study carried out under subsection (A) (b);  an assessment by the Secretary of the study; and (B)  a statement of the actions, if any, to be undertaken by the Secretary (C) to implement any recommendations in the study.  FORM- The report shall be in unclassified form but may include a clas- (2) sified annex if necessary. (  d) Funding- Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization of appropriations in section 301(19) or otherwise made available for Cooperative Threat Reduction programs for fiscal year 2008, not more than $1,000,000 shall be obligated or expended to carry out this section.

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The government's first Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR) programs were created in 1991 to eliminate the former Soviet Union's nuclear, chemical, and other weapons and prevent their proliferation. The programs have accomplished a great deal: deactivating thousands of nuclear warheads, neutralizing chemical weapons, converting weapons facilities for peaceful use, and redirecting the work of former weapons scientists and engineers, among other efforts. Originally designed to deal with immediate post-Cold War challenges, the programs must be expanded to other regions and fundamentally redesigned as an active tool of foreign policy that can address contemporary threats from groups that are that are agile, networked, and adaptable. As requested by Congress, Global Security Engagement proposes how this goal can best be achieved.

To meet the magnitude of new security challenges, particularly at the nexus of weapons of mass destruction and terrorism, Global Security Engagement recommends a new, more flexible, and responsive model that will draw on a broader range of partners than current programs have. The White House, working across the Executive Branch and with Congress, must lead this effort.

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