. "Appendix D: Summary of Determinants of Gestational Weight Gain." Weight Gain During Pregnancy: Reexamining the Guidelines. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2009.
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Weight Gain During Pregnancy: Reexaming the Guidelines
TABLE D-1 Summary of Literature on Determinants of Gestational Weight Gain
Determinants
Findings/Interpretations
Comments
References
Societal/Institutional
Media
The committee was unable to identify studies that examined specifically the media’s influence on gestational weight gain.
Media may exert its effects on gestational weight gain indirectly by influencing prepregnancy BMI and other biological determinants, as well as eating habits and sedentary behaviors that are established well before pregnancy.
Gortmaker et al., 1996
Gortmaker et al., 1999
Robinson, 1999
Kunkel, 2001
Hastings et al., 2003
Epstein et al., 2008
Culture and Acculturation
The committee was unable to identify studies that examined specifically the effects of culture and acculturation factors on gestational weight gain.
Cultural norms and beliefs can influence dietary behavior and physical activities, thereby affecting energy balance and gestational weight gain. Acculturation is generally associated with more unhealthy behaviors, including dietary intake, and higher rates of overweight and obesity.
