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Driving and the Built Environment: The Effects of Compact Development on Motorized Travel, Energy Use, and CO2 Emissions -- Special Report 298 (2009)
Board on Energy and Environmental Systems (BEES)

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. "5 Potential Effects of More Compact Development Patterns on Vehicle Miles Traveled, Energy Use, and CO2 Emissions." Driving and the Built Environment: The Effects of Compact Development on Motorized Travel, Energy Use, and CO2 Emissions -- Special Report 298. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2009.

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Driving and the Built Environment: The Effects of Compact Development on Motorized Travel, Energy Use, and CO2 Emissions

ANNEX 5-1 TABLE 5 Savings Calculations in Energy Use and CO2 Emissions from Improved Residential Energy Efficiency with More Compact Growth

 

Scenario

Base Case: 2,400-ft2 SFDU

Move to 2,000-ft2 SFDU

Move to 2,000-ft2 MFDU

Energy use

14,980 kW-h per unit per year (51.1 million Btu per unit per year)

14,660 kW-h per unit per year (50 million Btu per unit per year)

11,308 kW-h per unit per year (38.6 million Btu per unit per year)

 

395.9 ccf ng per unit per year (40.7 million Btu per unit per year)

366.7 ccf ng per unit per year (37.7 million Btu per unit per year)

186.1 ccf ng per unit per year (19.1 million Btu per unit per year)

Subtotal energy use

92.8 million Btu per unit per year

87.7 million Btu per unit per year

57.7 million Btu per unit per year

Energy savings

320 kW-h (1.1 million Btu) per unit per year

3,671 kW-h (12.5 million Btu) per unit per year

 

29.2 ccf ng (3.0 million Btu) per unit per year

209.8 ccf ng (21.6 million Btu) per unit per year

Subtotal energy savings

 

4.1 million Btu per unit per year

34.1 million Btu per unit per year

CO2 emissions

24,705 lb per unit per year (11.2 metric tons per unit per year)

23,935 lb per unit per year (10.9 metric tons per unit per year)

17,330 lb per unit per year (7.9 metric tons per unit per year)

CO2 emissions savings

770 lb (0.35 metric tons) per unit per year

7,376 lb (3.3 metric tons) per unit per year

Note: Btu = British thermal units; ccf ng = hundred cubic feet of natural gas; kW-h = kilowatt-hours; MFDU = multifamily dwelling unit; SFDU = single-family dwelling unit. Factors for converting energy figures to Btu: 1 kW-h of electricity = 3, 412 Btu; 1 cf of natural gas = 1,028 Btu; 1 ccf of natural gas = 102,800 Btu; 1 gallon of gasoline = 124,000 Btu. Factor for converting CO2 emissions to metric tons: 1 metric ton of CO2 emissions = 2,204.6 lb.

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