2-6

How controllable is an infection?,

97

2-7

Global population size and lineages of dengue virus over time,

99

2-8

Increased mortality associated with chikungunya outbreak, India,

101

2-9

Trade and travel are key to global dissemination of disease,

112

2-10

Poultry exports from Far East Asian countries from 1961 to 2002,

113

2-11

Superimposed epidemics,

115

2-12

Food and other FDA-regulated imports to the United States,

119

2-13

Salmonella Saintpaul outbreak traceback and distribution,

121

2-14

Sequence of events—different routes of melamine-contaminated wheat gluten into the United States,

123

3-1

Movement of imported African rodents to animal distributors and distribution of prairie dogs from an animal distributor associated with human cases of monkeypox, 11 states, 2003,

141

3-2

Economic impacts of selected infectious diseases,

146

3-3

Ae. albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito,

152

3-4

The Transatlantic Triangular Trade,

153

3-5

Containerization,

157

3-6

An infected person can travel to virtually any airport destination in the world in less than 48 hours, far shorter than the period of incubation and infectivity of vector-borne infections,

161

3-7

Relative risk of pathogen emergence,

167

4-1

Global Outbreak and Alert Network (GOARN): Institutions and members of partner networks,

186

4-2

Major distinctions between the IHR 1969 and the revised IHR 2005,

187

4-3

Requirements of the IHR 2005,

188

4-4

The international spread of polio from Nigeria, 2003-2005,

189

4-5

WHO Global Influenza Surveillance Network (GISN), July 2008,

191

4-6

Confirmed human and poultry infections since 2003,

192

4-7

Genetic diversity: H5N1 virus groups (clades) infecting humans since 2003,

193

4-8

The current pandemic alert phase of the H5N1 virus,

193

4-9

Timeline for implementation of the IHR to strengthen national capacity,

197

4-10

Decision instrument for the assessment and notification of events that may constitute a public health emergency of international concern,

199

4-11

Foreign policy functions,

222

4-12

The IHR 2005 and the functions of foreign policy,

223