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Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change (2010)

Chapter: Appendix E: Acronyms and Initialisms

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Acronyms and Initialisms." National Research Council. 2010. Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12783.
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Page 271
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Acronyms and Initialisms." National Research Council. 2010. Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12783.
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Page 272

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APPENDIX E Acronyms and Initialisms AAAS American Association for the Advancement of Science AAG Adaptation Assessment Guidebook AIACC Assessments of Impacts and Adaptations to Climate Change ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASFPM Association of State Floodplain Managers BCA benefit-cost analysis CCAP Center for Clean Air Policy CIG Climate Impacts Group CILA Comision Internaciónal de Límites y Aguas CNRA California Natural Resources Agency CO2 carbon dioxide COAG Council of Australian Governments COP Conference of the Parties CRC U.S. Climate Resilient Communities CZMA Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 DA decision analysis DOT Department of Transportation ENSO El Niño-Southern Oscillation EPA Environmental Protection Agency FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency GAO Government Accountability Office GCM global climate model GEF Global Environment Fund GHG greenhouse gas GYE Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem HMGP Hazard Mitigation Grant Program IAW Immediate Action Workgroup IBWC U.S. International Boundary and Water Commission ICLEI ICLEI-Local Governments for Sustainability IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change LDCF Least Developed Countries Fund LECZ low elevation coastal zone MCA multicriteria analysis MEA Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 

A D A P T I N G T O T H E I M PA C T S O F C L I M AT E C H A N G E MME multimodel ensemble MPO metropolitan planning organization NAPA National Adaptation Plan for Action NFIP National Flood Insurance Program NGA National Governors Association NGO nongovernmental organization NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NPCC New York Panel on Climate Change NRC National Research Council NROC Northeast Regional Ocean Council NSF National Science Foundation OFDA Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration PDM Pre-Disaster Mitigation Grant Program PPE perturbed physics ensemble PWWS Philadelphia Hot Weather–Health Watch/Warning System RISA Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessment SAP Synthesis and Assessment Product SARA Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act SERC State Emergency Response Commission UKCIP United Kingdom Climate Impacts Program UNDP United Nations Development Program UNEP United Nations Environmental Program UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers USAID U.S. Agency for International Development USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture USGCRP U.S. Global Change Research Program USGS U.S. Geological Survey WRE Wigley et al., 1996 

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Across the United States, impacts of climate change are already evident. Heat waves have become more frequent and intense, cold extremes have become less frequent, and patterns of rainfall are likely changing. The proportion of precipitation that falls as rain rather than snow has increased across the western United States and Arctic sea ice has been reduced significantly. Sea level has been rising faster than at any time in recent history, threatening the natural and built environments on the coasts. Even if emissions of greenhouse gases were substantially reduced now, climate change and its resulting impacts would continue for some time to come.

To date, decisions related to the management and protection of the nation's people, resources, and infrastructure have been based on records in the recent past, when climate was relatively stable. Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change, part of the congressionally requested America's Climate Choices suite of studies, calls for a new paradigm-one that considers a range of possible future climate conditions and impacts that may be well outside the realm of past experience.

Adaptation requires actions from many decision makers in federal, state, tribal, and local governments; the private sector; non-governmental organizations; and community groups. However, current efforts are hampered by a lack of solid information about the benefits, costs, and effectiveness of various adaptation options; climate information on regional and local scales; and a lack of coordination. Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change calls for a national adaptation strategy that provides needed technical and scientific resources, incentives to begin adaptation planning, guidance across jurisdictions, shared lessons learned, and support of scientific research to expand knowledge of impacts and adaptation.

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