Hidden Costs of Energy: Unpriced Consequences of Energy Production and Use

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Hidden Costs of Energy: Unpriced Consequences of Energy Production and Use (2010)
Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology (BEST)
Board on Energy and Environmental Systems (BEES)
Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy (STEP)

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. "Appendix D: Description of GREET and Mobile6 Models and Their Applications." Hidden Costs of Energy: Unpriced Consequences of Energy Production and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2010.

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Hidden Costs of Energy: Unpriced Consequences of Energy Production and Use

		Total Energy	Petroleum	CO₂	CO_2e	VOC	NO_x	PM_2.5	SO_x
		Btu/VMT	Btu/VMT	g/VMT	g/VMT	g/VMT	g/VMT	g/VMT	g/VMT
E85 (Corn Stover)	Feedstock	407	229	−263	−261	0.03	0.24	0.02	0.11
	Fuel	4206	179	3	14	0.19	0.43	0.03	−0.02
	Operation	5334	1412	402	406	0.22	0.30	0.02	0.00
	Vehicle	633	126	47	50	0.21	0.08	0.03	0.14
E10 (Dry Corn)	Feedstock	287	79	1	17	0.02	0.17	0.01	0.06
	Fuel	1343	430	66	69	0.13	0.16	0.02	0.11
	Operation	5334	4990	409	413	0.23	0.30	0.02	0.01
	Vehicle	633	126	47	50	0.21	0.08	0.03	0.14
E10 (Wet Corn)	Feedstock	294	103	2	19	0.01	0.19	0.01	0.07
	Fuel	1352	417	79	82	0.13	0.15	0.03	0.12
	Operation	5334	4990	409	413	0.23	0.30	0.02	0.01
	Vehicle	633	126	47	50	0.21	0.08	0.03	0.14
E10 (Herbaceous)	Feedstock	265	78	−4	11	0.02	0.16	0.01	0.05
	Fuel	1197	416	60	63	0.13	0.15	0.02	0.09
	Operation	5334	4990	409	413	0.23	0.30	0.02	0.01
	Vehicle	633	126	47	50	0.21	0.08	0.03	0.14
E10 (Corn Stover)	Feedstock	251	79	−2	9	0.02	0.16	0.01	0.06
	Fuel	1161	416	60	63	0.13	0.15	0.02	0.09
	Operation	5334	4990	409	413	0.23	0.30	0.02	0.01
	Vehicle	633	126	47	50	0.21	0.08	0.03	0.14
Electric	Feedstock	159	56	12	25	0.03	0.08	0.13	0.04
	Fuel	2734	81	380	381	0.01	0.53	0.02	1.31
	Operation	1778	84	0	0	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.00
	Vehicle	645	122	50	52	0.21	0.08	0.03	0.23