4-3

Residential Sector Natural Gas Use for Heat: Regional Damage Estimates (Excluding Greenhouse Gases) (Cents/MCF). (Damage Estimated from 2002 NEI Data for 3,100 Counties),

236

4-4

Commercial Sector Natural Gas Use for Heat: National Damage Estimates from Air Pollutants (Excluding Greenhouse Gases) (Cents/MCF),

237

5-1

Characteristics of Post-Third Assessment Report (TAR) Stabilization Scenarios and Resulting Long-Term Equilibrium Global Average Temperature and the Sea-Level Rise Component from Thermal Expansion Only,

254

5-2

Climate-Related Observed Trends of Various Components of the Global Freshwater Systems,

265

5-3

Examples of Possible Impacts of Climate Change Due to Changes in Extreme Weather and Climate Events, Based on Projections to the Mid- to Late 21st Century,

268

5-4

Water Availability Effects from Climate Change for Selected Studies (Percent of Contemporaneous GDP Around 2100),

271

5-5

Values of the Benchmarking Parameter,

274

5-6

Benchmark Sea-Level Rise Estimates in FUND,

276

5-7

Estimates of Total Damage Due to Climate Change from Benchmark Warming (Percent Change in Annual GDP),

295

5-8

Marginal Global Damages from GHG Emissions: Estimates from Widely Used Models,

297

5-9

Indicative Marginal Global Damages from Current GHG Emissions ($/Ton CO₂-eq),

302

5-10

Illustration of Ranges of Climate-Related Damages for Selected Categories of Energy Use in the United States, 2005,

307

6-1

Net Stock of Energy-Related Fixed Assets in 2007 ($Billions),

310

6-2

Estimates of the Average Cost of Outages,

312

6-3

LNG Infrastructure and Safety Record,

318

6-4

Average Number and Volume of Oil Spills on U.S. Soil, 1990-1998,

320

6-5

Annual Averages for Significant Pipeline Incidents, 2002-2006,

322

6-6

Annual Averages for Pipelines per Ton Miles, 2002-2006,

323

6-7

U.S. Oil Dependence,

326

7-1

Relative Categories of Health and Other Nonclimate-Change Damages 2005 and 2030 for Major Categories of Light-Duty Vehicle Fuels and Technologies,

350