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Study
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Design
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Population
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Outcomes
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Results
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Adjustments
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Comments
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Eisen et al., 2005 (Vol. 4)
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Population-based, cross-sectional, prevalence, medical evaluation
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1061 US deployed vs 1128 nondeployed
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Self-reported asthma, bronchitis, or emphysema; obstructive lung disease (history of disease or symptoms plus use of bronchodilators or 15% improvement in FEV1 after bronchodilator use)
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Asthma, bronchitis, or emphysema: OR 1.07 (95% CI 0.65-1.77)
Obstructive lung disease: OR 0.91 (95% CI 0.52-1.59)
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Age, sex, race, years of education, smoking, duty type, service branch, rank
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Low participation rates, especially among nondeployed
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Karlinsky et al., 2004 (Vol. 4)
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Cross-sectional, medical evaluation
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1036 US deployed vs 1103 nondeployed
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PFT results classified into five categories: normal, nonreversible obstruction, reversible obstruction, restrictive, small-airways obstruction
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No association of PFT-based classifications with deployment status, nor with exposure to nerve agents at Khamisiyah based on 2002 DoD exposure models
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No adjustment for smoking or other confounders; description of sampling strategy inadequate to evaluate bias; no explanation of “matching” or control of matching in analysis
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Gray et al., 1999a (Vol. 4)
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Cross-sectional, medical evaluation
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527 Gulf War veterans vs 970 nondeployed from 14 US Navy Seabees commands
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Cough; shortness of breath; FVC (L); FEV1 (L)
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Cough : OR 1.8 (95% CI 1.2-2.8)
Shortness of breath: OR 4.0 (95% CI 2.2-7.3)
FVC (L): 4.96 vs 4.99, p = 0.77
FEV1 (L): 4.05 vs 4.04, p = 0.81
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Age, height, race, smoking status
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No use of modeled oil-fire exposures
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Kelsall et al., 2004b (Vol. 4)
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Cross-sectional, medical evaluation
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1456 Australian deployed vs 1588 nondeployed
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Asthma; bronchitis; FEV1/FVC% < 70%
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Asthma: OR 1.2 (95% CI 0.8-1.8);
Bronchitis: OR 1.9 (95% CI 1.2-3.1);
FEV1/FVC% < 70%: OR 0.8 (95% CI 0.5-1.1);
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Service type, rank, age, education, marital status
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Generally well done; substantial potential for selection bias (response rates: deployed 81%, comparison 57%); no
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