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The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. ECMWF European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts EMICs Earth models of intermediate complexity ENSO El Niño/Southern Oscillation EPA Environmental Protection Agency ESCM Earth System Climate Model FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency FPN fraction of positive minus negative estimates GCM general circulation model GDP gross domestic product GFDL Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory GHG greenhouse gas GISS Goddard Institute for Space Studies GISS AGCM GISS’s Atmospheric General Circulation Model GT gigaton GtC gigaton of carbon (gigaton = 1x109 tons) GWP global warming potential H+ hydrogen ion HadISST Hadley Centre Global Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature HFCs hydrofluorocarbons IMAGE Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment IPCC AR3 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Third Assessment Report IPCC AR4 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Fourth Assessment Report IS92a global scenario of the IPCC ITCZ Intertropical Convergence zone JAS July, August, September JFM January, February, March JGOFS Joint Global Ocean Flux Study JJA June, July, August LIG interglacial time period LMSL local mean sea level LTMIP Long Term Model Intercomparison Project
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