Acronyms
AACI Association of American Cancer Institutes
AAMC American Association of Medical Colleges
ACOSOG American College of Surgeons Oncology Group
ACRIN American College of Radiology Imaging Network
ACS CAN American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network
AE adverse event
AHRQ Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
AIPC androgen-independent prostate cancer
ALERT Act 21st Century Cancer Access to Life-Saving Early Detection, Research, and Treatment Act
ALL acute lymphoblastic leukemia
AML acute myeloid leukemia
ARRA American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
ASCO American Society of Clinical Oncology
BCG bacillus Calmette-Guérin
BICR blinded independent central review
BIG Breast International Group
BRB Biometric Research Branch
BSA Board of Scientific Advisors (National Cancer Institute)
CALGB Cancer and Leukemia Group B
CCG Children’s Cancer Group
CCOP Community Clinical Oncology Program
CCSG Cancer Center Support Grant
CER comparative effectiveness research
CHOP cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone
CIRB central institutional review board
CLL chronic lymphocytic leukemia
CMS Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
COG Children’s Oncology Group
CRADA Cooperative Research and Development Agreement
CRI Clinical Research Initiative (Association of American Cancer Institutes)
CSDD Center for the Study of Drug Development
CT computed tomography
CTAC Clinical Trials Advisory Committee
CTEP Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program
CTMB Clinical Trials Monitoring Branch
CTROC Clinical Trials and Translational Research Operations Committee
CTSA Clinical and Translational Science Awards
CTSU Cancer Trials Support Unit
CTTI Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative
CTU Clinical Trials Unit
CTWG Clinical Trials Working Group
CYP2D6 cytochrome P-450 2D6
DCE-MRI dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging
DCPC Division of Cancer Prevention and Control
DCTD Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis
DCTDC Division of Cancer Treatment, Diagnosis, and Centers
ECOG Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group
EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor
EMR electronic medical record
EORTC European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer
ER estrogen receptor
ERISA Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974
5-FU fluorouracil
18F-FDG fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose
FDA Food and Drug Administration
FDAAA Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007
FNIH Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
FOLFOX4 oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin
FTE full-time equivalent
GIST gastrointestinal stromal tumors
GOG Gynecologic Oncology Group
HER-2 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
HHS U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
HIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
ICF informed-consent form
IDB Investigational Drug Branch
IDE investigational device exemption
IND investigational new drug
IOM Institute of Medicine
IP intellectual property
IRB institutional review board
I-SPY TRIAL Investigation of Serial studies to Predict Your Therapeutic Response with Imaging And moLecular analysis
KRAS Kirsten ras
LOI letter of intent
MAMS multiarm, multistage (trial design)
MARVEL Marker Validation for Erlotinib in Lung cancer
MINDACT Microarray in Node-negative Disease may Avoid ChemoTherapy
MMRC Multiple Myeloma Research Consortium
MRC Medical Research Council
MRD minimal residual disease
MRI magnetic resonance imaging
NBL neuroblastoma
NCAB National Cancer Advisory Board
NCCF National Children’s Cancer Foundation
NCCN National Comprehensive Cancer Network
NCCTG North Central Cancer Treatment Group
NCD National Coverage Decision
NCI National Cancer Institute
NIH National Institutes of Health
NNCO National Nanotechnology Coordination Office
NSABP National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project
NSCLC non-small-cell lung cancer
NSET Nanoscale Science, Engineering, and Technology Subcommittee
OCR Office for Civil Rights (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services)
OEWG Operational Efficiency Working Group
OHRP Office for Human Research Protections (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services)
pCR pathologic complete response
PERCIST PET Response Criteria in Solid Tumors
PET positron emission tomography
Ph+ Philadelphia chromosome positive
POG Pediatric Oncology Group
QIBA Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers Alliance
QOPI Quality Oncology Practice Initiative
RECIST Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors
RTOG Radiation Therapy Oncology Group
SACHRP Secretary’s Advisory Committee on Human Research Protections
SPECT single-photon emission computed tomography
SPORE Specialized Programs of Research Excellence
STAMPEDE Systemic Therapy in Advancing or Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Evaluation of Drug Efficacy
STPI Science and Technology Policy Institute
SWOG Southwest Oncology Group
TAILORx Trial Assigning IndividuaLized Options for Treatment
TRWG Translational Research Working Group
Tufts CSDD Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development
US ultrasound
VA U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
