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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2010. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12904.
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B

Acronyms

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BATS Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series
BCO-DMO Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office
BIOACID Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification

CBA Cost-benefit Analysis
CCHDO CLIVAR and Carbon Hydrographic Data Office
CDIAC Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center
CLIVAR Climate VARiability and Predictability
CRS U.S. Congressional Research Service

DMS Dimethylsulfide

EMAP Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program
EPOCA European Project on Ocean Acidification

FOARAM Federal Ocean Acidification Research And Monitoring [Act of 2009]
FOCE Free-ocean CO2 Experiment

GCRA Global Change Research Act

HOT Hawaii Ocean Time-Series

ICES International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2010. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12904.
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IGBP International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme
IMBER Integrated Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem Research
IOC Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission
IOOS Integrated Ocean Observing System
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
IWG Interagency Working Group

JSOST Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology

LTER Long-term Ecological Research

MBARI Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute
MOU Memoranda of Understanding
MSY Maximum Sustainable Yield

NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NPV Net Present Value
NRC National Research Council
NSF National Science Foundation

OCB Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry [Program]
Ocean SITES Ocean Sustained Interdisciplinary Time-Series Environment observation System
ODP Ocean Drilling Program
OOI Ocean Observatories Initiative
OSB Ocean Studies Board

PETM Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum
PIC Particulate Inorganic Carbon
PICES North Pacific Marine Science Organization
POC Particulate Organic Carbon

RISA NOAA Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments

SARP NOAA Sectoral Applications Research Program
SCOR Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research
SOLAS Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study
SRES Special Report on Emissions Scenarios
SSS Sea Surface Salinity

TOGA Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2010. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12904.
×
U.S. EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
U.S. GCRP United States Global Change Research Program
U.S. GLOBEC United States Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics
USGS United States Geological Survey
U.S. JGOFS United States Joint Global Ocean Flux Study

WCRP World Climate Research Programme
WDC-MARE World Data Center for Marine Environmental Sciences
WOCE World Ocean Circulation Experiment
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2010. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12904.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2010. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12904.
×
Page 167
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2010. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12904.
×
Page 168
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2010. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12904.
×
Page 169
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2010. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12904.
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Page 170
Next: Appendix C: The Effect of Ocean Acidification on Calcification in Calcifying Algae, Corals,and Carbonate-dominated Systems »
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The ocean has absorbed a significant portion of all human-made carbon dioxide emissions. This benefits human society by moderating the rate of climate change, but also causes unprecedented changes to ocean chemistry. Carbon dioxide taken up by the ocean decreases the pH of the water and leads to a suite of chemical changes collectively known as ocean acidification. The long term consequences of ocean acidification are not known, but are expected to result in changes to many ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean reviews the current state of knowledge, explores gaps in understanding, and identifies several key findings.

Like climate change, ocean acidification is a growing global problem that will intensify with continued CO2 emissions and has the potential to change marine ecosystems and affect benefits to society. The federal government has taken positive initial steps by developing a national ocean acidification program, but more information is needed to fully understand and address the threat that ocean acidification may pose to marine ecosystems and the services they provide. In addition, a global observation network of chemical and biological sensors is needed to monitor changes in ocean conditions attributable to acidification.

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