completed a residency at the University of California, San Francisco, and is certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine. She has received fellowships in general medicine and health policy from Harvard Medical School, the Health Services Research unit of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and the Harvard School of Public Health.

JACK E. TRIPLETT is a visiting fellow at the Brookings Institution in Washington, DC. His current research concerns productivity in health, finance, and other services industries, with a focus on developing improved measures of output for these notably difficult to measure sectors of the economy. From 1985 to 1997, he was chief economist at the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (on leave in 1996-1997 to the National Bureau of Economic Research). From 1971 to 1985, he held positions at the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, including associate commissioner for research and evaluation and chief of the Price Research Division. In 1979, he was assistant director for price monitoring at the Council on Wage and Price Stability. He has written extensively on problems of economic measurement, including price indexes, national accounts, capital stock and labor input, and productivity and technical change. He is the editor of Fifty Years of Economic Measurement (with Ernst R. Berndt), The Measurement of Labor Cost, and Measuring the Prices of Medical Treatments. He is a fellow of the American Statistical Association and the 1997 winner of the Julius Shiskin Award for Economic Statistics, awarded jointly by the National Association of Business Economists and the Washington Statistical Society. He has A.B., M.A., and Ph.D. degrees from the University of California, Berkeley.