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Research Training in the Biomedical, Behavioral, and Clinical Research Sciences
TABLE F-1 Characteristics of Doctorates in the Biomedical Sciences, 1970-2008
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
Total Doctorates
2,882
3,132
3,116
3,135
3,013
3,085
3,150
3,050
3,118
3,212
3,396
3,356
3,444
3,338
3,399
3,313
3,369
3,465
3,769
Male
2,420
2,572
2,530
2,474
2,340
2,347
2,424
2,351
2,311
2,351
2,440
2,383
2,417
2,224
2,315
2,192
2,197
2,214
2,377
Female
462
560
586
661
673
738
726
699
807
861
956
973
1,027
1,114
1,084
1,121
1,172
1,251
1,392
Citzens
2,385
2,591
2,573
2,582
2,381
2,556
2,610
2,528
2,628
2,738
2,905
2,898
2,927
2,854
2,868
2,727
2,751
2,670
2,858
Permanent residents
160
198
215
231
209
194
165
169
147
133
147
125
114
108
109
113
118
153
176
Temporary residents
312
266
256
253
283
256
277
261
259
253
273
248
294
291
308
364
343
455
515
Unknown
25
77
72
69
140
79
98
92
84
88
71
85
109
85
114
109
157
187
220
Minorities
N/A
N/A
N/A
80
84
86
80
78
108
79
83
91
94
86
99
104
119
128
123
Postdoctoral training in U.S.
Postdoctoral fellowship
772
739
739
731
607
804
896
911
1034
1048
1079
1036
1057
1025
1096
1086
1122
1196
1285
Postdoctoral research
243
300
295
330
376
402
406
408
402
386
470
474
452
516
451
477
518
495
540
Postdoctoral traineeship
60
74
71
40
29
47
46
66
65
88
87
56
65
65
54
55
51
56
69
Other training
70
67
110
125
139
165
167
114
117
174
175
193
234
201
190
157
160
173
179
Total Postdoctorates
1,145
1,180
1,215
1,226
1,151
1,418
1,515
1,499
1,618
1,696
1,811
1,759
1,808
1,807
1,791
1,775
1,851
1,920
2,073
Percent planning
56.3%
56.6%
59.4%
58.9%
60.1%
68.0%
70.1%
73.4%
75.9%
75.3%
76.1%
76.1%
76.6%
77.2%
78.1%
77.7%
79.5%
80.2%
80.4%
Employment in U.S.
839
854
790
812
719
633
615
525
496
544
546
541
534
514
479
489
457
453
483
Other
48
49
42
44
44
33
31
19
19
12
23
11
19
21
23
20
21
20
22
Ph.D. with plans
2,032
2,083
2,047
2,082
1,914
2,084
2,161
2,043
2,133
2,252
2,380
2,311
2,361
2,342
2,293
2,284
2,329
2,393
2,578
Time to degree
6.00
6.00
6.16
6.17
6.25
6.17
6.17
6.17
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.33
6.50
6.67
6.92
7.00
7.00
7.00
7.00
Age at time of degree
28.92
29.00
29.42
29.58
29.42
29.25
29.25
29.34
29.38
29.41
29.25
29.33
29.59
29.83
30.25
30.42
30.59
30.50
30.83
