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Study Committee Biographical Information R. John Hansman, Jr., Chair, is Professor of Aeronautics and Astronau- tics, Head of the Division of Humans and Automation, and Director of the International Center for Air Transportation at Massachusetts Insti- tute of Technology (MIT). In addition to teaching, he conducts research in several areas related to air transportation, flight vehicle operations, and safety. His current research activities focus on information technol- ogy applied to air transportation systems, air traffic control, integrated human–automation systems, advanced vehicles, and advanced cockpit information systems. He is also an internationally recognized expert on aviation meteorological hazards such as icing and wind shear. He is a member of the Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board (ASEB) of the National Research Council (NRC) and serves on the ASEB Committee for the Review of NASA’s Aviation Safety-Related Programs. He has pre- viously served on the NRC Committee to Identify Potential Break- through Technologies and Assess Long-Term R&D Goals in Aeronautics and Space Transportation Technology and the Committee on the Effects of Aircraft–Pilot Coupling on Flight Safety. He holds a doctorate in physics, meteorology, and aeronautics from MIT, an SM in physics from MIT, and an AB from Cornell University. Monica S. Alcabin is Associate Technical Fellow in the Air Traffic Man- agement Unit of Boeing Commercial Airplanes, where she studies the costs and benefits of new air traffic control technologies and the chal- lenges of integrating new technologies into today’s air traffic control system. She has 25 years of experience analyzing a variety of aviation problems with particular emphasis on the benefit assessment of air- port, airspace, and air traffic management operational enhancements. 65 65

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66 Air Traffic Controller Staffing in the En Route Domain She has been assisting the Joint Planning and Development Office (JPDO) Evaluation and Analysis Division by assessing the airport capacity bene- fits of the Next Generation Air Transportation System. Prior to joining the Boeing Company in 1997, she spent five years in airport consulting at KPMG Peat Marwick and TRA/Black & Veatch, four years at The MITRE Corporation supporting the FAA Office of System Capacity and Require- ments, and five years at NASA Ames Research Center doing research in air traffic control. She is currently working on developing avionics and ground infrastructure requirements for conducting independent paral- lel approaches to closely spaced parallel runways. She earned a BS in aero- nautical engineering from MIT and an MS in engineering–economic systems from Stanford University. Michael O. Ball is Orkand Corporation Professor of Management Sci- ence in the Robert H. Smith School of Business at the University of Mary- land. He also holds a joint appointment within the Institute for Systems Research in the Clark School of Engineering. He is currently Director of Research for the Smith School and is former chair of the Department of Decision, Operations, and Information Technologies. His research inter- ests are in network optimization and integer programming, particularly as applied to problems in transportation systems and supply chain man- agement. He is Co-Director of the National Center of Excellence for Aviation Operations Research (NEXTOR), and he leads the NEXTOR Collaborative Decision Making Project. He is, or has been, associate edi- tor for Operations Research, Transportation Science, IIE Transactions, IEEE Transactions on Reliability, and Operations Research Letters and Net- works. He is currently area editor for transportation for Operations Research. He received a doctorate in operations research from Cornell University. Mary L. Cummings is the Boeing Associate Professor and Director of the Humans and Automation Laboratory in the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics of MIT. She performs research in collaborative human- computer decision making for command and control domains and is a recognized expert in the area of human supervisory control. She served as a naval officer from 1988 to 1999 and was among the first female fighter pilots in the U.S. Navy. She is a member of the NRC Committee on

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Study Committee Biographical Information 67 Human Systems Integration, and has also served as a member of the NRC Committee on Opportunities in Neuroscience for Future Army Applications. She is an Associate Editor for the IEEE Transactions on Sys- tems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans, and is on the editorial board for the Human Factors journal. She earned a BS from the U.S. Naval Academy, an MS from the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, and a PhD from the University of Virginia. William J. Dunlay is retired Director of Jacobs Consultancy, formerly Leigh Fisher Associates. He has more than 40 years of experience in transportation engineering and airport planning, having directed airfield and airspace studies for more than 40 airports in the United States and overseas. He managed the airfield–airspace elements of airport master plans for many large airports around the country, including Cleveland Hopkins, Dallas–Fort Worth, Las Vegas McCarran, Orlando, Lambert– St. Louis, and Washington Dulles International Airports. In 2003 and 2004, he divided his time between Jacobs Consultancy and the Univer- sity of California (UC), Berkeley, returning to full-time status with the company in 2005. As a UC Berkeley research engineer, he played a key role on the Virtual Airspace Modeling and Simulation (VAMS) Project at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), investi- gating various concepts for the Next Generation Air Transportation Sys- tem. He served on ASEB’s Panel on Airspace Systems Program Committee for the Review of NASA’s Revolutionize Aviation Program. He holds a PhD in civil engineering from UC Berkeley and an MS and BS in civil engineering from Pennsylvania State University. Antonio L. Elias (NAE 2001) is Executive Vice President and General Manager of Orbital Sciences Corporation. His recent professional activ- ity has centered on the design, development, and manufacture of orbital launch vehicles and the overall architecture of a space transportation sys- tem. He joined Orbital Sciences Corporation in 1986 as Chief Engineer and later became Vice President of Engineering, Senior Vice President of the Space Systems Division, Senior Vice President for Advanced Projects, and Senior Vice President and Chief Technical Officer. From 1980 to 1986, he was an Assistant Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics at MIT. He is a private pilot and has maintained an interest in air transportation

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68 Air Traffic Controller Staffing in the En Route Domain and air traffic control automation. Dr. Elias was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2001. He holds a PhD in flight transporta- tion, an MS in flight dynamics and control, and a BS in aeronautical engineering, all from MIT. John J. Fearnsides is Partner and Chief Strategist, MJF Strategies, LLC. Until 1999, he was Vice President and General Manager of the MITRE Corporation and Director of its Center for Advanced Aviation System Development. He worked at the U.S. Department of Transportation from 1972 to 1980, serving as Deputy Under Secretary and Chief Scientist, Executive Assistant to the Secretary, and Acting Assistant Secretary for Policy and International Affairs. He was a National Science Foundation Fellow and is a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engi- neers and the National Academy of Public Administration. He has served on numerous NRC and TRB committees, including the Committee for a Review of the National Automated Highway System Consortium Research Program and Committee for a Study on Air Passenger Service and Safety Since Deregulation. Dr. Fearnsides holds a BS and a PhD in electrical engineering from the University of Maryland. J. Victor Lebacqz was the Associate Administrator for Aeronautics Research at NASA from 2002 to 2005. In this position, he had overall technical, programmatic, and personnel management responsibility for all aeronautics technology research and development within the agency. During 2006, he was a Research Fellow at the University of California, Santa Cruz. Soon after, he founded VICC Associates, which specializes in executive consulting for aviation and other technology organizations. Earlier in his career, he worked at the NASA Ames Research Center, spe- cializing in avionics, stability and control, handling qualities, and human factors. He held management positions of increasing responsibility as Branch Chief, Division Chief, Program Manager, Deputy Director of Aerospace, and Associate Center Director. He is currently a member of FAA’s Research Engineering and Development Advisory Committee (REDAC), chairing a subcommittee on the National Airspace System (NAS) Operations. He is a member of the Editorial Board of Air Traffic Control Quarterly and was a member of a National Academy of Public Administration Panel to Assess FAA Program Management Capabilities. He holds a PhD in aeronautical engineering from Princeton University.

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Study Committee Biographical Information 69 Michael J. Powderly is President of Airspace Solutions, a private con- sulting firm specializing in airport, airspace, and air traffic capacity and efficiency projects. From 1995 to 2000, he was General Manager of Air- space Capacity and Efficiency for Delta Air Lines. In this position, he directed staff responsible for the airline’s global communications, navi- gation, surveillance, and air traffic management activities. These duties required a strong understanding of FAA air traffic control procedures and policy positions. From 1967 to 1995, he was employed by FAA, start- ing his career as a controller. From 1976 to 1986 he was Chief Controller of the Atlanta Air Traffic Control Tower. From 1986 to 1995 he managed the Southern Region Air Traffic Division Branches, including proce- dures, operations, and evaluations. He oversaw the administration and operations of 113 control towers, 5 en route facilities, 8 automated flight service stations, and nearly 6,000 air traffic controllers. During his career he received numerous honors and awards, including the Air Traffic Con- trol Association Quasada Award for the Advancement of Air Traffic Con- trol, the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Administrator Silver Medal for Excellence, and an RTCA, Inc., citation for leadership on surveillance and air traffic management modernization. Philip J. Smith is Co-Director of the Institute for Ergonomics and Pro- fessor in the Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering and a Professor with the Industrial and Systems Engineering Program, Bio- medical Engineering, and the Advanced Computing Center for Arts and Design at Ohio State University. He teaches courses in areas of cognitive systems engineering, artificial intelligence, human–computer interaction and the design of cooperative problem-solving systems, intelligent infor- mation retrieval systems, and intelligent tutoring systems. His research focuses on issues concerned with design of cooperative problem-solving systems to support people in performing complex tasks such as informa- tion retrieval, planning, database exploration, and diagnosis while using fields such as aviation, medicine, library systems, and education as test beds. He is a member of the NRC Committee on Human-Systems Inte- gration and served on the Committee to Study the FAA’s Methodologies for Estimating Air Traffic Controller Staffing Standards. He earned a PhD in cognitive psychology and industrial and operations engineering from the University of Michigan.

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70 Air Traffic Controller Staffing in the En Route Domain Antonio A. Trani is Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, where he special- izes in air transportation simulation and modeling and airport engineer- ing systems. His current research centers on aviation demand modeling for the Next Generation Air Transportation System and airspace and air- field simulation modeling. He holds a BS in aeronautical engineering from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University and an MS in systems engi- neering and a PhD in transportation engineering from the Virginia Poly- technic Institute and State University. Roger Wall is retired FAA Coordinator and ATM Projects Manager for Federal Express Corporation. Before joining FedEx, he was Director of Air Traffic Operations for FAA, having risen from air traffic controller. At FAA, he held management positions at air traffic control facilities, FAA regional offices, and FAA headquarters. He began his career as an air traf- fic controller for the U.S. Navy in 1959. From 1996 to 2008, he served as chairman of the Free Flight Select Committee of the Radio Technical Commission for Aviation (RTCA) and the Requirements and Planning Working Group of the Air Traffic Management and Airport System. He was honored with RTCA’s Lifetime Achievement Award in 2008. Greg L. Zacharias is President and Senior Principal Scientist of Charles River Analytics. In this position he provides strategic direction for the Gov- ernment Services and Commercial Solutions Divisions while contributing to efforts in cognitive systems engineering and advanced decision-support systems. Before founding Charles River Analytics, he was a Senior Scien- tist at BBN Technologies, a Research Engineer at CS Draper Labs, and a U.S. Air Force attaché for the Space Shuttle program at NASA’s Johnson Space Center. He serves on the U.S. Department of Defense Human Sys- tems Area Review and Assessment Panel. He has been a member of the NRC Committee on Human Factors and co-chaired the Committee on Organizational Models: from Individuals to Societies. He has a PhD in aeronautics and astronautics from MIT.

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TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD 2010 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE* Chair: Michael R. Morris, Director of Transportation, North Central Texas Council of Governments, Arlington Vice Chair: Neil J. Pedersen, Administrator, Maryland State Highway Administration, Baltimore Executive Director: Robert E. Skinner, Jr., Transportation Research Board J. Barry Barker, Executive Director, Transit Authority of River City, Louisville, Kentucky Allen D. Biehler, Secretary, Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, Harrisburg Larry L. Brown, Sr., Executive Director, Mississippi Department of Transportation, Jackson Deborah H. Butler, Executive Vice President, Planning, and CIO, Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk, Virginia William A. V. Clark, Professor, Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles Eugene A. Conti, Jr., Secretary of Transportation, North Carolina Department of Transportation, Raleigh Nicholas J. Garber, Henry L. Kinnier Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, and Director, Center for Transportation Studies, University of Virginia, Charlottesville Jeffrey W. Hamiel, Executive Director, Metropolitan Airports Commission, Minneapolis, Minnesota Paula J. Hammond, Secretary, Washington State Department of Transportation, Olympia Edward A. (Ned) Helme, President, Center for Clean Air Policy, Washington, D.C. Adib K. Kanafani, Cahill Professor of Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley (Past Chair, 2009) Susan Martinovich, Director, Nevada Department of Transportation, Carson City Debra L. Miller, Secretary, Kansas Department of Transportation, Topeka (Past Chair, 2008) Sandra Rosenbloom, Professor of Planning, University of Arizona, Tucson Tracy L. Rosser, Vice President, Corporate Traffic, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., Mandeville, Louisiana Steven T. Scalzo, Chief Operating Officer, Marine Resources Group, Seattle, Washington Henry G. (Gerry) Schwartz, Jr., Chairman (retired), Jacobs/Sverdrup Civil, Inc., St. Louis, Missouri Beverly A. Scott, General Manager and Chief Executive Officer, Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority, Atlanta, Georgia David Seltzer, Principal, Mercator Advisors LLC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Daniel Sperling, Professor of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science and Policy; Director, Institute of Transportation Studies; and Interim Director, Energy Efficiency Center, University of California, Davis Kirk T. Steudle, Director, Michigan Department of Transportation, Lansing Douglas W. Stotlar, President and Chief Executive Officer, Con-Way, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan C. Michael Walton, Ernest H. Cockrell Centennial Chair in Engineering, University of Texas, Austin (Past Chair, 1991) Peter H. Appel, Administrator, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) J. Randolph Babbitt, Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) Rebecca M. Brewster, President and COO, American Transportation Research Institute, Smyrna, Georgia (ex officio) George Bugliarello, President Emeritus and University Professor, Polytechnic Institute of New York University, Brooklyn; Foreign Secretary, National Academy of Engineering, Washington, D.C. (ex officio) Anne S. Ferro, Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) LeRoy Gishi, Chief, Division of Transportation, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. (ex officio) Edward R. Hamberger, President and CEO, Association of American Railroads, Washington, D.C. (ex officio) John C. Horsley, Executive Director, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, D.C. (ex officio) David T. Matsuda, Deputy Administrator, Maritime Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) Victor M. Mendez, Administrator, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) William W. Millar, President, American Public Transportation Association, Washington, D.C. (ex officio) (Past Chair, 1992) Tara O’Toole, Under Secretary for Science and Technology, U.S. Department of Homeland Security (ex officio) Robert J. Papp (Adm., U.S. Coast Guard), Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department of Homeland Security (ex officio) Cynthia L. Quarterman, Administrator, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) Peter M. Rogoff, Administrator, Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) David L. Strickland, Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) Joseph C. Szabo, Administrator, Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) Polly Trottenberg, Assistant Secretary for Transportation Policy, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) Robert L. Van Antwerp (Lt. General, U.S. Army), Chief of Engineers and Commanding General, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, D.C. (ex officio) *Membership as of November 2010.