across a wide array of issues from environment to human rights, trade and security, the laboratory explores when (and why) international laws actually work. Most recently, Victor served as director of the Program on Energy and Sustainable Development at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford University, where he was also a professor at Stanford Law School. Previously, he directed the science and technology program at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) in New York, where he directed the council’s task force on energy co-chaired by Jim Schlesinger and John Deutch and was a senior adviser to the task force on climate change chaired by governors George Pataki and Tom Vilsack. Victor’s research at Stanford and the CFR examined ways to improve management of the nation’s $50 billion strategic oil reserve, strategies for managing investment in geoengineering, and a wide array of other topics related to technological innovation and the impact of innovation on economic growth. His research also examined global forest policy, global warming, and genetic engineering of food crops. His books include Natural Gas and Geopolitics (2006), The Collapse of the Kyoto Protocol and the Struggle to Slow Global Warming (2001; second edition 2004); Climate Change: Debating America’s Policy Options; and Technological Innovation and Economic Performance (2002, co-edited with Benn Steil and Richard Nelson). Victor is the author of more than 150 essays and articles in scholarly journals, magazines, and newspapers, such as Climatic Change, Financial Times, Foreign Affairs, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Nature, New York Times, Science, Scientific American, and Washington Post.