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Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D (2011)
Food and Nutrition Board (FNB)

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. "Summary Tables: Dietary Reference Intakes." Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2011.

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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes Calcium Vitamin D

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs): Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges

Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, National Academies

Macronutrient

Range (percent of energy)

Children, 1–3 y

Children, 4–18 y

Adults

Fat

30–40

25–35

20–35

n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acidsa (linoleic acid)

5–10

5–10

5–10

n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acidsa (α-linolenic acid)

0.6–1.2

0.6–1.2

0.6–1.2

Carbohydrate

45–65

45–65

45–65

Protein

5–20

10–30

10–35

aApproximately 10 percent of the total can come from longer-chain n-3 or n-6 fatty acids.

SOURCE: Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (2002/2005). The report may be accessed via www.nap.edu.

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs): Additional Macronutrient Recommendations

Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, National Academies

Macronutrient

Recommendation

Dietary cholesterol

As low as possible while consuming a nutritionally adequate diet

Trans fatty acids

As low as possible while consuming a nutritionally adequate diet

Saturated fatty acids

As low as possible while consuming a nutritionally adequate diet

Added sugarsa

Limit to no more than 25% of total energy

aNot a recommended intake. A daily intake of added sugars that individuals should aim for to achieve a healthful diet was not set.

SOURCE: Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (2002/2005). The report may be accessed via www.nap.edu.

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1111
Front Matter (R1-R16)
Summary (1-14)
1 Introduction (15-34)
2 Overview of Calcium (35-74)
3 Overview of Vitamin D (75-124)
4 Review of Potential Indicators of Adequacy and Selection of Indicators: Calcium and Vitamin D (125-344)
5 Dietary Reference Intakes for Adequacy: Calcium and Vitamin D (345-402)
6 Tolerable Upper Intake Levels: Calcium and Vitamin D (403-456)
7 Dietary Intake Assessment (457-478)
8 Implications and Special Concerns (479-512)
9 Information Gaps and Research Needs (513-522)
Appendix A: Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Glossary (523-536)
Appendix B: Issues and Interests Identified by Study Sponsors (537-538)
Appendix C: Methods and Results from the AHRQ-Ottawa Evidence-Based Report on Effectiveness and Safety of Vitamin D in Relation to Bone Health (539-724)
Appendix D: Methods and Results from the AHRQ-Tufts Evidence-Based Report on Vitamin D and Calcium (725-1012)
Appendix E: Literature Search Strategy (1013-1018)
Appendix F: Evidence Maps (1019-1024)
Appendix G: Cases Studies of Vitamin D Toxicity (1025-1034)
Appendix H: Estimated Intakes of Calcium and Vitamin D from National Surveys (1035-1044)
Appendix I: Proportion of the Population Above and Below 40 nmol/L Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations and Cumulative Distribution of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations: United States and Canada (1045-1058)
Appendix J: Workshop Agenda and Open Session Agendas (1059-1064)
Appendix K: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members (1065-1074)
Index (1075-1102)
Summary Tables: Dietary Reference Intakes (1103-1116)