. "4 Review of Potential Indicators of Adequacy and Selection of Indicators: Calcium and Vitamin D." Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2011.
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DRI Dietary Reference Intakes Calcium Vitamin D
TABLE 4-4 Outcome Measures for Falls: Summary of Evidence from Randomized Trials with Vitamin D and Calcium
Reference; Study Duration; Outcome
N
Vitamin D Dose
Calcium Dose
Serum 25OHD level (nmol/L)
Falls
Fallers
RR/OR (95% CI)/(p-value)
Baseline
Achieved
Studies using oral doses
Bischoff et al., 2003a 12 weeks follow-up (primary analysis)
122
Placebo
1,200 mg/d
29.0 (23.0–25.0)
28.0 (24.5–41.5)
0.68 (0.30–1.54)
800 IU/d
1,200 mg/d
30.8 (23.0–55.0)
65.5 (49.8–82.8)
0.70 (0.30–1.50)
Bischoff-Ferrari et al., 2006b 3-year trial (secondary outcome of primary analysis)
Women:
Women:
Women:
Women:
Women:
Women:
Women:
246
Placebo
Placebo
63.0 (± 30.3)
68.0 (± 32.5)
0.44 (0.21–0.90)
700 IU/d
500 mg/d
70.0 (± 33.0)
104.0 (± 41.8)
Men:
Men:
Men:
Men:
Men:
Men:
Men:
199
Placebo
Placebo
83.0 (± 33.5)
76.5 (± 27.3)
0.84 (0.42–1.66)
700 IU/d
500 mg/d
82.0 (± 37.5)
110.0 (± 34.0)
Bischoff-Ferrari et al., 2010 12-month trial (primary outcome)
173
800 IU/d
500 mg/d
30.8 (± 19.3)
88.5 (± 25.3)
28 (−4.0–68.0
2,000 IU/d
500 mg/d
33.0 (± 20.3)
111.8 (± 26.0)
Broe et al., 2007 5-month study period (secondary analysis)
