Renewable Fuel Standard: Potential Economic and Environmental Effects of U.S. Biofuel Policy

Company	Location	Feedstock	Nameplate Capacity (gallons per year)	Start Date
Baker Commodities	Los Angeles, CA	Multiple Feedstocks	10,000,000	12/1/2010
Bay Biodiesel, LLC	San Jose, CA	Multiple Feedstocks	3,000,000	3/1/2007
Biodiesel Industries of Ventura, LLC	Port Hueneme, CA	Full Spectrum, including but not limited to yellow grease, jatropha, and algae	3,000,000	8/1/2009
Blue Sky Biofuels	Oakland, CA	Waste Oil	4,000,000
Community Fuels	Stockton, CA	Multiple Feedstocks	10,000,000	6/1/2008
Crimson Renewable Energy, LP	Bakersfield, CA	Multiple Feedstocks	30,000,000	3Q 2009
Ecolife Biofuels, LLC	San Jacinto, CA	Multiple Feedstocks	1,500,000	4/1/2010
Enviro Fuels Enterprises, LLC	Fresno, CA			3Q 2009
Imperial Valley Biodiesel, LLC	El Centro, CA	Multiple Feedstocks	3,000,000	12/1/2007
Imperial Western Products	Coachella, CA	Multiple Feedstocks	10,500,000	10/1/2001
Manning Beef, LLC	Pico Rivera, CA	Tallow		3Q 2009
New Leaf Biofuel, LLC	San Diego, CA	Used Cooking Oil	1,500,000	12/1/2008
Noil Energy Group	Commerce, CA	Multiple Feedstocks	5,000,000	2Q 2009
Promethean Biofuels Cooperative Corporation	Temecula, CA	Multiple Feedstocks	1,500,000	9/5/2009
Simple Fuels Biodiesel, Inc.	Chilcoot, CA	Waste Oil	1,000,000	3Q 2009
Whole Energy Fuels	Pacifica, CA	Recycled Cooking Oil	3,000,000	2Q 2009
Biofuels of Colorado	Denver, CO	Multiple Feedstocks	15,000,000
BioDiesel One Ltd	Southington, CT	Multiple Feedstocks	4,000,000	2/1/2009
BioPur Inc.	Bethlehem, CT	Multiple Feedstocks	1,000,000	7/1/2006
Clayton	Clayton, DE’	Multiple Feedstocks	11,000,000	1/1/2010
Agri-Source Fuels, Inc.	Dade City, FL	Multiple Feedstocks	10,000,000	10/1/2007
Genuine Bio-Fuel	Indiantown, FL		3,900,000	1/1/2009
Greenwave Biodiesel	Ft. Lauderdale, FL	Waste Oil	4,000,000	8/1/2010

Table of Contents

Front Matter R1-R22

Summary 1-12

1 Introduction 13-28

2 Biofuel Supply Chain 29-78

3 Projected Supply of Cellulosic Biomass 79-104

4 The Economics and Economic Effects of Biofuel Production 105-180

5 Environmental Effects and Tradeoffs of Biofuels 181-262

6 Barriers to Achieving RFS2 263-286

APPENDIXES 287-288

Appendix A: Statement of Task 289-290

Appendix B: Biographical Sketches 291-296

Appendix C: Presentations to the Committee 297-300

Appendix D: Glossary 301-302

Appendix E: Select Acronyms and Abbreviations 303-306

Appendix F: Conversion Factors 307-308

Appendix G: Petroleum-Based Fuel Economics 309-316

Appendix H: Ethanol Biorefineries in Operation or Under Construction in the United States in 2010 317-328

Appendix I: Biodiesel Refineries in the United States in 2010 329-336

Appendix J: Economic Models Used to Assess the Effects of Biofuel Production in the United States 337-340

Appendix K: BioBreak Model: Assumptions for Willingness to Accept 341-350

Appendix L: BioBreak Model Assumptions 351-354

Appendix M: Summary of Literature Estimates 355-382

Appendix N: Blend Wall 383-390

Appendix O: Safety and Quality of Biofuel Coproducts as Animal Feed 391-394