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Committee on U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Water Resources Science, Engineering, and Planning
Water Science and Technology Board
Division on Earth and Life Studies
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Gov-
erning Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn
from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy
of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the panel respon -
sible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for
appropriate balance.
This report is based upon work supported by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
Humphreys Engineer Center Support Activity under Contract No. W912HQ-
09-C-0041. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed
in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the
views of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Humphreys Engineer Center Sup -
port Activity.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-21832-0
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-21832-4
Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies Press,
500 Fifth Street, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20055; (800) 624-6242 or (202)
334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet, http://www.nap.edu.
Copyright 2011 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
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The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating
society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research,
dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the
general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress
in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal govern -
ment on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the
National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter
of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding
engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its mem -
bers, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advis -
ing the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors
engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education
and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles
M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of
Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions
in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The
Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences
by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon
its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education.
Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of
Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology
with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal
government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the
Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the
National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in pro -
viding services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering
communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the
Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and
vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.
www.national-academies.org
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COMMITTEE ON U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS WATER
RESOURCES, SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND PLANNING
DAVID A. DZOMBAK, Chair, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania
PATRICK A. ATKINS, ALCOA (ret.), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
GREGORY B. BAECHER, University of Maryland, College Park
LINDA K. BLUM, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
ROBERT A. DALRYMPLE, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,
Maryland
MISGANAW DEMISSIE, Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign
TERRANCE FULP, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Boulder City, Nevada
LARRY A. LARSON, Association of State Floodplain Managers,
Madison, Wisconsin
DIANE M. MCKNIGHT, University of Colorado, Boulder
J. WALTER MILON, University of Central Florida, Orlando
A. DAN TARLOCK, Chicago-Kent College of Law, Chicago, Illinois
PETER R. WILCOCK, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
NRC Staff
JEFFREY JACOBS, Study Director
SARAH E. BRENNAN, Senior Program Assistant
v
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WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BOARD
DONALD I. SIEGEL, Chair, Syracuse University, New York
LISA M. ALVAREZ-COHEN, University of California, Berkeley
YU-PING CHIN, Ohio State University, Columbus
OTTO C. DOERING III, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
GERALD E. GALLOWAY, University of Maryland, College Park
GEORGE R. HALLBERG, The Cadmus Group, Watertown,
Massachusetts
KENNETH R. HERD, Southwest Florida Water Management District,
Brooksville
GEORGE M. HORNBERGER, Vanderbilt University, Nashville,
Tennessee
MICHAEL J. MCGUIRE, Michael J. McGuire, Inc., Santa Monica,
California
DAVID H. MOREAU, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
DENNIS D. MURPHY, University of Nevada, Reno
MARYLYNN V. YATES, University of California, Riverside
Staff
STEPHEN D. PARKER, Director
JEFFREY JACOBS, Scholar
LAURA J. EHLERS, Senior Staff Officer
STEPHANIE E. JOHNSON, Senior Staff Officer
LAURA J. HELSABECK, Staff Officer
M. JEANNE AQUILINO, Financial and Administrative Associate
ELLEN A. DE GUZMAN, Senior Program Associate
ANITA A. HALL, Senior Program Associate
MICHAEL STOEVER, Research Associate
SARAH E. BRENNAN, Senior Program Assistant
vi
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Acknowledgment of Reviewers
This report was authored by the National Research Council Commit-
tee on U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Water Resources Science, Engineering,
and Planning. A draft version of the committee’s report was reviewed by
individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise
in accordance with the procedures approved by the NRC’s Report Review
Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid
and critical comments that will assist the NRC in making its published
report as sound as possible, and to ensure that the report meets NRC
institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to
the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain
confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process.
We wish to thank the following individuals for their reviews of
this report: Richard A. Conway (retired), Union Carbide Corporation;
Gerald E. Galloway, University of Maryland; Peter Gleick, Pacific Institute
for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security; George R. Hall -
berg, The Cadmus Group; Chris T. Hendrickson, Carnegie Mellon Univer-
sity; W. Allen Marr, Geocomp Corporation; Denise J. Reed, University of
New Orleans; and Marylynn V. Yates, University of California, Riverside.
Although these reviewers provided constructive comments and sug-
gestions, they were not asked to endorse the report’s conclusions and
recommendations, nor did they see the final draft of the report before its
release. The review of this report was overseen by Leo M. Eisel (retired),
Brown and Caldwell, Denver, Colo., who was appointed by the National
vii
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viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Research Council. Dr. Eisel was responsible for ensuring that an inde-
pendent examination of this report was conducted in accordance with
NRC institutional procedures and that all review comments received full
consideration. Responsibility for this report’s final contents rests entirely
with the authoring committee and the NRC.
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Contents
SUMMARY 1
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES CHALLENGES FACING THE
U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 5
Introduction, 5
Twenty-first-century Water Resources Planning and
Management, 7
National Water Management Infrastructure and Investments, 10
Corps of Engineering Capacities and Planning, 13
Authorization and Appropriations Process, 15
Decentralization of Planning and Operational Decisions, 17
Traditional Responsibilities and Expanding Missions, 19
Future Prospects for the Corps in National Water Resources
Management and Leadership, 21
REFERENCES 25
APPENDIXES
A Guest Speakers at Committee Meetings 27
B Corps of Engineers Civil Works Program Statistics 29
C Biographical Information: Committee on U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers Science, Engineering, and Planning 35
ix
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