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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2011. Future Science Opportunities in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13169.
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APPENDIX F

Acronyms

ACC

Antarctic Circumpolar Current

ANDRILL

Antarctic Geological Drilling

AON

Antarctic Observing Network

AUV

Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

BARREL

Balloon Array for RBSP Relativistic Electron Losses

CH4

Methane

CMB

Cosmic Microwave Background

CO2

Carbon dioxide

EPB

European Polar Board

ESA

European Space Agency

GEO

NSF Geoscience Directorate

GPS

Global Positioning System

ICSU

International Council for Science

IGY

International Geophysical Year

IODP

Integrated Ocean Drilling Program

IOOS

Integrated Ocean Observing System

IPCC

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

IPY

International Polar Year

LIDAR

Light Detection and Ranging

LTER

Long Term Ecological Research

NOAA

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NRC

National Research Council

NSF

National Science Foundation

OOI

Ocean Observatories Initiative

OPP

Office of Polar Programs

OSTP

Office of Science and Technology Policy

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2011. Future Science Opportunities in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13169.
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PAntOS

Pan-Antarctic Observation System

PCO2

Partial pressure of CO2

RBSP

Radiation Belt Storm Probes

SACNAS

Society for Advancement of Chicanos and Native Americans in Science

SAM

Southern Annular Mode

SCAR

Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research

SEARCH

Study of Environmental Arctic Change

SOOS

Southern Ocean Observing System

STEM

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics

USAP

U.S. Antarctic Program

WAIS

West Antarctic Ice Sheet

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2011. Future Science Opportunities in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13169.
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Page 187
Suggested Citation:"Appendix F: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2011. Future Science Opportunities in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13169.
×
Page 188
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Antarctica and the surrounding Southern Ocean remains one of the world's last frontiers. Covering nearly 14 million km² (an area approximately 1.4 times the size of the United States), Antarctica is the coldest, driest, highest, and windiest continent on Earth. While it is challenging to live and work in this extreme environment, this region offers many opportunities for scientific research. Ever since the first humans set foot on Antarctica a little more than a century ago, the discoveries made there have advanced our scientific knowledge of the region, the world, and the Universe--but there is still much more to learn. However, conducting scientific research in the harsh environmental conditions of Antarctica is profoundly challenging. Substantial resources are needed to establish and maintain the infrastructure needed to provide heat, light, transportation, and drinking water, while at the same time minimizing pollution of the environment and ensuring the safety of researchers.

Future Science Opportunities in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean suggests actions for the United States to achieve success for the next generation of Antarctic and Southern Ocean science. The report highlights important areas of research by encapsulating each into a single, overarching question. The questions fall into two broad themes: (1) those related to global change, and (2) those related to fundamental discoveries. In addition, the report identified key science questions that will drive research in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean in coming decades, and highlighted opportunities to be leveraged to sustain and improve the U.S. research efforts in the region.

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