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F Acronyms and Definitions of Selected Terms ACRONYMS ATR automated threat recognition BA betaine aldehyde BHS baggage-handling system BIR baggage-inspection room BVS baggage-viewing station CC control computer CT computed tomography DAPI discontinuous atmospheric pressure introduction DART direct analysis in real time DAS data acquisition system DBDI desorption ionization DESI desorption electrospray ionization DHS Department of Homeland Security DHS S&T Department of Homeland Securityâs Science and Technology Directorate DICOM Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine DICOS Digital Imaging and Communication in Security DOD Department of Defense DOT Department of Transportation EDS explosive detection system ETD explosive trace detection FAA Federal Aviation Administration FAT factory acceptance test FBP filtered back-projection FDA Food and Drug Administration FDRS field data reporting system HU Hounsfield unit HVPS high voltage power supply ID identification IED improvised explosive device IMS ion mobility spectrometry IR&D internal research and development 87
ITRS International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors LTP low temperature plasma MS mass spectrometry NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association NRC National Research Council O&M operations and maintenance ODT ordnance disposal team OEM original equipment manufacturer OSARP on-screen alarm-resolution protocol OSR on-screen resolution PBL performance-based logistics PD probability of detection PFA probability of false alarm PVS primary viewing station QRA quantitative risk assessment RDT&E research, development, testing, and evaluation ROC receiver operator characteristic SAT site acceptance test SOP standard operating procedure SSI sensitive security information SSR system status rate SVS secondary viewing station TSA Transportation Security Administration TSL Transportation Security Laboratory TSO transportation security officer XRD x-ray diffraction DEFINITIONS OF SELECTED TERMS alarm: A portion of a bag that is a potential threat as determined by the automated threat recognition algorithm. bag: Item scanned by the explosive detection system. This is usually a piece of baggage, but could be items in bins or small pieces of cargo. clearing: The process of the automated threat recognition (ATR) algorithmâs indicating that a threat is not present in a bag or that the decision of the ATR algorithm is overridden by secondary inspection. 88
explosive detection system: Used for checked-baggage screening at airports: computed tomography- based device for interrogating a bag; composed of a computed tomography scanner, automated threat recognition algorithm, a workstation, and a control computer. false alarm: Sometimes called a false positive; the automated threat-recognition algorithm signals an alarm, but no threat is present in the bag being screened. mis-track: A bag that cannot be tracked by the baggage-handling system. on-screen alarm-resolution protocol: TSA process by which a human screener resolves an alarm based on the image from the scanner shield: The condition that occurs when the explosive detection system cannot view a portion of a bag because the x-ray beam is extinguished by the presence of clutter. threat: A portion of a bag that is a potential threat as determined by the automated threat recognition algorithm. transportation security officer: Operator of the baggage-viewing station and worker in the baggage- inspection room. 89