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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×

Examination of the U.S. Air Force’s
Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future
and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs

Committee on Examination of the U.S. Air Force’s Aircraft Sustainment
Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs

Air Force Studies Board

Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences

NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
                          OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS

Washington, D.C.

www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS     500 Fifth Street, N.W.     Washington, DC 20001

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

This is a report of work supported by Grant FA9550-10-1-0411 between the U.S. Air Force and the National Academy of Sciences. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-21520-6
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-21520-X

 

Limited copies of this report are available from: Additional copies are available from:
   
Air Force Studies Board
National Research Council
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Washington, DC 20001
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Copyright 2011 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.

www.national-academies.org

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×

COMMITTEE ON EXAMINATION OF THE U.S. AIR FORCE’S
AIRCRAFT SUSTAINMENT NEEDS IN THE FUTURE
AND ITS STRATEGY TO MEET THOSE NEEDS

S. MICHAEL HUDSON, Rolls-Royce North America (retired), Co-Chair

MICHAEL E. ZETTLER, Z-Zettler Consulting, Co-Chair

MEYER J. BENZAKEIN, The Ohio State University

CHARLES E. BROWNING, University of Dayton

DIANNE CHONG, The Boeing Company

DAVID E. CROW, University of Connecticut

FRANK R. FAYKES, U.S. Air Force (retired)

JOHN T. FOREMAN, Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University

WESLEY L. HARRIS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

HOWARD F. HETRICK, Northrop Grumman Corporation

CLYDE KIZER, Airbus North America (retired)

THOMAS A. McDERMOTT, JR., Georgia Tech Research Institute

LYLE H. SCHWARTZ, University of Maryland

BRUCE M. THOMPSON, Sandia National Laboratories

RAYMOND VALEIKA, Delta Airlines (retired)

 

Staff

 

CARTER W. FORD, Study Director

KAMARA E. BROWN, Research Associate

SARAH M. CAPOTE, Research Associate

NORMAN M. HALLER, Consultant

ZEIDA PATMON, Program Associate

MARGUERITE E. SCHNEIDER, Administrative Coordinator

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×

AIR FORCE STUDIES BOARD

GREGORY S. MARTIN, GS Martin Consulting, Chair

PAMELA A. DREW, TASC, Inc., Vice Chair

BRIAN A. ARNOLD, Raytheon Company

CLAUDE M. BOLTON, Defense Acquisition University

STEVEN R.J. BRUECK, University of New Mexico

THOMAS J. BURNS, SET Corporation

FRANK CAPPUCCIO, Cappuccio and Associates, LLC

JOHN V. FARR, United States Military Academy

DONALD C. FRASER, Charles Stark Draper Laboratory (retired)

MICHAEL J. GIANELLI, The Boeing Company (retired)

LESLIE GREENGARD, New York University

DANIEL HASTINGS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

PAUL G. KAMINSKI, Technovation, Inc.

ROBERT LATIFF, R. Latiff Associates

NANCY LEVESON, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

LESTER L. LYLES, The Lyles Group

MATT L. MLEZIVA, Wildwood Strategic Concepts

C. KUMAR N. PATEL, Pranalytica, Inc.

GERALD F. PERRYMAN, JR., Independent Consultant

GENE W. RAY, GMT Ventures

RICHARD V. REYNOLDS, The VanFleet Group, LLC

J. DANIEL STEWART, University of Tennessee

REBECCA WINSTON, Winston Strategic Management Consulting

 

Staff

 

MICHAEL A. CLARKE, Director

TERRY J. JAGGERS, Deputy Director

DIONNA C. ALI, Senior Program Assistant

JESSICA R. BROKENBURR, Financial Assistant

KAMARA E. BROWN, Research Associate

SARAH M. CAPOTE, Research Associate

GREGORY EYRING, Senior Program Officer

CARTER W. FORD, Program Officer

CHRIS JONES, Financial Manager

ZEIDA PATMON, Program Associate

MARGUERITE E. SCHNEIDER, Administrative Coordinator

DANIEL E.J. TALMAGE, JR., Program Officer

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×

Preface

Having now been at war for two decades, the U.S. Air Force is finding that its legacy aircraft are becoming increasingly more expensive to operate and maintain. Looking ahead, and facing a constrained overall budget, the Air Force is concerned that the resources needed to sustain its legacy aircraft may increase to the point where they could consume the resources needed to modernize the Air Force. Recognizing the importance of sustainment, both to the accomplishment of its current wartime missions and to the potential capabilities of its future aircraft, the Air Force asked the National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academies to conduct this study of sustainment.

A committee of experts with significant experience in both technical and operational areas related to sustainment was formed to conduct this study. Meeting for the first time in October 2010, the committee quickly grasped the complexities inherent in the terms of reference, which addressed a substantial portion of overall Air Force activities and resources—both current and future. Because of the need for solid data to supplement its own knowledge and capabilities, the committee is very grateful for the responsive and highly informed cooperation of numerous representatives from the Air Force as well as from government, industry, and academia. The committee co-chairs especially wish to thank all of the committee members for their many insightful contributions and tireless efforts in producing this report on schedule.

 

S. Michael Hudson, Co-Chair

Michael E. Zetter, Co-Chair

Committee on Examination of the U.S. Air Force’s Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×

Acknowledgment of Reviewers

This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:

 

John-Paul B. Clarke, Georgia Institute of Technology,

Stephen P. Condon, Maj Gen, USAF (retired), Dayton Aerospace, Inc.,

Lawrence J. Delaney, Titan Corporation (retired),

Elisabeth M. Drake, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,

Lester L. Lyles, Gen, USAF (retired), Independent Aerospace Consultant,

Lisa Mahlmann, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company,

David Miller, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,

Charles F. Tiffany, The Boeing Company (retired), and

Stephen Wei-Lun Tsai, Stanford University.

 

Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations, nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×

this report was overseen by Sheila E. Widnall, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Appointed by the National Research Council, she was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×

Acronyms

AA

aircraft availability

ACC

Air Combat Command

AD

Airworthiness Directive

AETC

Air Education and Training Command

AF

Air Force

AFGLSC

Air Force Global Logistics Support Center

AFI

Air Force Instruction

AFMC

Air Force Materiel Command

AFOSR

Air Force Office of Scientific Research

AFPD

Air Force Policy Directive

AFRL

Air Force Research Laboratory

AFROC

Air Force Requirements Oversight Council

ALC

Air Logistics Center

AMC

Air Mobility Command

AMC/A4

Air Mobility Command Directorate of Logistics

AMOC

Alternative Means of Compliance

ASIP

Aircraft Structural Integrity Program

   
BCA

Business Case Analysis

BOD

Board of Directors

BRAC

Base Realignment and Closure

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×
CAMS

Core Automated Maintenance System

CASS

Continuing Analysis and Surveillance System

CBM

Condition-Based Maintenance

CFFC

Commander, U.S. Fleet Forces Command

CLS

Contractor Logistics Support

CMMI

Capability Maturity Model Integration

CNAF

Commander, Naval Air Forces

CNO

Chief of Naval Operations

   
DAMS

Defense Acquisition Management System

DAR

Designated Airworthiness Representative

DAU

Defense Acquisition University

DER

Designated Engineering Representative

DMS/MS

Diminishing Manufacturing Sources and Materiel Shortages

DoD

Department of Defense

   
eLog21

Expeditionary Logistics for the Twenty-first Century

EO

Engineering Order

ERP

Enterprise Resource Planning

   
FAA

Federal Aviation Administration

FAR

Federal Air Regulation

FBO

Fixed Base Operator

FMECA

Failure Mode, Effect and Criticality Assessment

FYDP

Future Years Defense Program

   
GM

General Motors

GSP

Globemaster Sustainment Partnership

   
ILCM

Integrated Life-Cycle Management

ISG

Industry Steering Groups

   
LMI

Logistics Management Institute

LogEA

(Air Force) Logistics Enterprise Architecture

LRT

Logistics Requirements Traceability

   
MAJCOM

Major Command

ManTech

manufacturing technology

MICAP

Mission Incapable Awaiting Parts

MIL-STD

Military Standard

MMEL

Master Minimum Equipment Lists

Page xvii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×
MRB

Maintenance Review Board

MRO

Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul

MSG-3

Maintenance Steering Group Three

MXW

Maintenance Wing

   
NAE

Naval Aviation Enterprise

NAVAIR

Naval Air Systems Command

NDI

Non-destructive Inspection

NRC

National Research Council

   
O&M

operations and maintenance

O&S

operations and support

OC-ALC

Oklahoma City Air Logistics Center

OEM

original equipment manufacturer

ONR

Office of Naval Research

OO-ALC

Ogden Air Logistics Center

OPNAV

Office of the Chief of Naval Operations

OSD

Office of the Secretary of Defense

   
PEO

Program Executive Office

POM

Program Objective Memorandum

PBL

Performance-based Logistics

   
RCM

Reliability Centered Maintenance

RDT&E

research, development, testing, and engineering

REMIS

Reliability and Maintainability Information Systems

   
S&T

science and technology

SAE

Service Acquisition Executive

SAF/AQ

Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Acquisition)

SAF/AQX

Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Acquisition Integration)

SAF/IE

Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Installations, Environment and Logistics)

SECDEF

Secretary of Defense

SFDM

Single Fleet, Driven Metric

SIL

software integration laboratory

SLOC

Source Lines of Code

SPM

System Program Manager

SPO

System Program Office; Single Process Owner

Page xviii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
×
TOA

Table of Allowance

TOR

terms of reference

TSPR

Total System Performance Requirement

TSSR

Total System Support Requirement

   
USAF

U.S. Air Force

   
WR-ALC

Warner-Robins Air Logistics Center

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2011. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13177.
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The ability of the United States Air Force (USAF) to keep its aircraft operating at an acceptable operational tempo, in wartime and in peacetime, has been important to the Air Force since its inception. This is a much larger issue for the Air Force today, having effectively been at war for 20 years, with its aircraft becoming increasingly more expensive to operate and maintain and with military budgets certain to further decrease. The enormously complex Air Force weapon system sustainment enterprise is currently constrained on many sides by laws, policies, regulations and procedures, relationships, and organizational issues emanating from Congress, the Department of Defense (DoD), and the Air Force itself.

Against the back-drop of these stark realities, the Air Force requested the National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academies, under the auspices of the Air Force Studies Board to conduct and in-depth assessment of current and future Air Force weapon system sustainment initiatives and recommended future courses of action for consideration by the Air Force.

Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs addresses the following topics:

  • Assess current sustainment investments, infrastructure, and processes for adequacy in sustaining aging legacy systems and their support equipment.
  • Determine if any modifications in policy are required and, if so, identify them and make recommendations for changes in Air Force regulations, policies, and strategies to accomplish the sustainment goals of the Air Force.
  • Determine if any modifications in technology efforts are required and, if so, identify them and make recommendations regarding the technology efforts that should be pursued because they could make positive impacts on the sustainment of the current and future systems and equipment of the Air Force.
  • Determine if the Air Logistics Centers have the necessary resources (funding, manpower, skill sets, and technologies) and are equipped and organized to sustain legacy systems and equipment and the Air Force of tomorrow.
  • Identify and make recommendations regarding incorporating sustainability into future aircraft designs.
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