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Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices (2012)

Chapter: Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods

« Previous: Appendix D: Approach to Literature Review
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
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for FOP points for saturated and trans fats, sodium, and added sugars. The following criteria were used for each nutrient component:

Eligibility Criteria: A product was eligible for FOP points if it:

•   did not exceed the disclosure level for saturated fat (i.e., it contained .4 g per RACC and labeled serving [LS], or per 50 g if RACC is small),4

•   did not exceed the disclosure level for sodium (i.e., it contained .480 mg per RACC and LS, or per 50 g if RACC is small),5 and

•   was not categorized as a Sugars, Sweets, or Beverage.6

Qualifying Criteria: A product qualified for a:

•   saturated and trans fats FOP point if it was “low” in saturated fat (i.e., it contained 1 g per RACC and 15% of calories)7 and contained < 0.5 g per LS or 0.5 g per LS product but no partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (PHVO),

•   sodium FOP point if it met the sodium criteria for “healthy” (i.e., it contained 480 mg per RACC and LS, or per 50 g if RACC is small),8 and

•   added sugars FOP point if it met the criteria listed in Chapter 7, Table 7-8.

A check mark means that the product earned an FOP point for the indicated nutrient component. A check mark in parentheses means that the product would have earned a point for the indicated nutrient component if the product had not exceeded the disclosure level for saturated fat or sodium or had not been categorized as a Sugar, Sweet, or Beverage. The products are organized by FDA product categories for individual foods, then by highest to lowest FOP points within each category.

Table E-3 displays the number of FOP points for examples of fish and poultry products that were evaluated against various criteria for saturated fat content, including “low,” “healthy/extra lean,” and “lean.” The products were not evaluated for eligibility against the disclosure level for saturated fat because it is more stringent than the criteria for “lean.” The fish and poultry products are organized by highest to lowest FOP points earned when evaluated against “lean” criteria.

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4 21 CFR 101.13(h)(1).

5 21 CFR 101.13(h)(1).

6 USDA Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies, 3.0. 2008. Beltsville, MD: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Food Surveys Research Group. Pp. 93-100.

7 21 CFR 101.62(c)(2).

8 21 CFR 101.65(d)(2)(ii).

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
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Energy SFA TFA Sodium Total Sugars Added Sugar
Product Category RACC Labeled Serving kcal g g mg g yes/no
Bakery Products
   Soup crackers    15 g    35 crackers    15 g    70    1    0    170    0    no
   Graham crackers    30 g    8 pieces    31 g    170    1    0    180    8    yes
   Animal crackers    30 g    13 pieces    30 g    120    0    0    75    8    yes
   Sugar cookies    30 g    4 cookies    40 g    130    1    1.5    115    12    yes
   Chocolate chip cookies    30 g    1 package    42 g    210    3    3    140    13    yes
   Snack crackers    30 g    9 crackers    32 g    150    2    3    230    2    no
   Oat and peanut butter bar    40 g    1 bar    40 g    150    2    0    105    9    yes
   Toaster pastry    40 g    1 pastry    52 g    210    2    0    240    17    yes
   Bread, 100% whole-wheat    50 g    1 slice    43 g    100    0    0    170    4    yes
Beverages (non-dairy and non-100% juice)
   Cola soft drink, diet    240 mL    12 fl oz    355 mL    0    0    0    35    0    no
   Cola soft drink    240 mL    12 fl oz    355 mL    140    0    0    50    39    yes
   Lemon-lime soft drink    240 mL    12 fl oz    355 mL    140    0    0    65    38    yes
   Sweetened tea    240 mL    8 fl oz    240 mL    50    0    0    110    14    yes
   Lemon-lime sport drink    240 mL    8 fl oz    240 mL    90    0    0    20    24    yes
Breakfast Cereals yes
   Toasted oats    30 g    1 cup    28 g    100    0    0    160    1    yes
   Crisped corn    30 g    1 cup    31 g    120    0    0    240    3    yes
   Crisped rice    30 g    1.25 cup    33 g    130    0    0    190    4    yes
   Sweetened toasted oats    30 g    1 cup    28 g    110    0    0    160    9    yes
   Sweetened cereal 1    30 g    1 cup    29 g    110    0.5    0    135    12    yes
   Sweetened cereal 2    30 g    0.75 cup    28 g    110    0    0    160    12    yes
   Oatmeal, old fashioned    40 g    0.5 cup    40 g    150    0    0    0    1    no
   Oatmeal, instant plain    40 g    1 package    25 g    100    0    0    75    0    no
   Oatmeal, instant with fruit, nuts    55 g    1 package    37 g    140    0    0    190    11    yes
   Shredded wheat    55 g    1 cup    49 g    170    0    0    0    0    no
   Bran flakes with raisins    55 g    1 cup    59 g    190    0    0    250    17    yes
Dairy Products
   Milk, 1% fat    240 mL    1 cup    240 mL    110    1.5    0    130    12    no
   Chocolate milk, 1% fat    240 mL    1 cup    240 mL    158    1.5    0    152    25    yes
   Yogurt, plain nonfat    225 g    1 cup    227 g    130    0    0    190    18    no
   Yogurt, sweetened 1, fat free, LCS    225 g    1 container    170 g    100    0    0    85    14    yes
   Yogurt, sweetened 2, fat free    225 g    1 cup    225 g    180    0    0    150    33    yes
   Yogurt, sweetened 3, low fat    225 g    2.25 oz    64 g    70    0    0    30    10    yes
   Yogurt, sweetened 4, low fat    225 g    4 oz    113 g    100    1    0    70    16    yes
   Yogurt, sweetened 5, low fat    225 g    1 container    113 g    100    1.5    0    75    13    yes
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
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        Energy SFA TFA Sodium Total Sugars Added Sugar
Product Category RACC Labeled Serving kcal g g mg g yes/no
   Parmesan cheese    5 g    2 tsp    5 g    20    1    0    85    0    no
   Mozzarella, part skim    30 g    1 oz    28 g    72    3    0    175    0    no
   Cheddar, reduced fat    30 g    1 oz    28 g    80    3.5    0    206    0    no
   Cheddar cheese, 2% fat milk    30 g    1 oz    30 g    90    4    0    260    0    no
   Cheddar cheese    30 g    1 oz    28 g    110    5    0    180    0    no
   Ricotta, part skim    55 g    0.25 cup    62 g    100    4    0    60    3    no
Desserts                  
   Ice cream, vanilla regular    0.5 cup    0.5 cup    66 g    140    4.5    0    45    12    yes
   Ice cream, vanilla light    0.5 cup    0.5 cup    66 g    100    2    0    45    11    yes
   Ice cream, vanilla fat free    0.5 cup    0.5 cup    66 g    90    1    0    55    14    yes
   Ice cream, vanilla no sugar added    0.5 cup    0.5 cup    66 g    90    2.5    0    45    4    no
Eggs                  
   Egg, large    50 g    1 egg    50 g    70    1.5    0    65    0    no
Fats and Oils                  
   Canola oil    1 tbsp    1 tbsp    14 g    120    1    0    0    0    no
   Corn oil    1 tbsp    1 tbsp    14 g    120    2    0    0    0    no
   Peanut oil    1 tbsp    1 tbsp    14 g    120    2.5    0    0    0    no
   Soybean oil    1 tbsp    1 tbsp    14 g    120    2    0    0    0    no
   Olive oil    1 tbsp    1 tbsp    15 mL    120    2    0    0    0    no
   Margarine, soft 1    1 tbsp    1 tbsp    14 g    70    2    0    100    0    no
   Margarine, soft 2    1 tbsp    1 tbsp    14 g    80    2.5    0    90    0    no
   Margarine, soft 3    1 tbsp    1 tbsp    14 g    80    1.5    0    85    0    no
   Margarine, stick    1 tbsp    1 tbsp    14 g    100    2.5    2.5    105    0    no
   Butter, sweet unsalted    1 tbsp    1 tbsp    14 g    100    7    0    0    0    no
   Mayonnaise    15 g    1 tbsp    13 g    90    1.5    0    70    0    no
   Salad dressing, regular 1    30 g    2 tbsp    30 g    140    2.5    0    260    1    yes
   Salad dressing, regular 2    30 g    2 tbsp    30 g    130    2    0    370    2    yes
   Salad dressing, light 1    30 g    2 tbsp    31 g    80    1    0    290    2    yes
   Salad dressing, light 2    30 g    2 tbsp    32 g    80    1    0    290    2    yes
Fish, Shellfish, Game Meats (Poultry)                  
   Tuna fish, canned solid in water    55 g    ~0.25 cup    55 g    70    0.5    0    190    0    no
   Salmon, canned    55 g    0.25 cup    60 g    110    1.5    0    270    0    no
   Salmon steaks, raw    110 g    3.5 oz    99 g    142    1    0    45    0    no
   Salmon fillets, raw    110 g    3 oz    85 g    180    2.5    0    50    0    no
   Salmon fillets, frozen raw    110 g    4 oz    114 g    190    1.5    0    55    0    no
   Chicken breasts, boneless skinless    114 g    4 oz    114 g    120    0    0    80    0    no
   Chicken thighs, boneless skinless    114 g    4 oz    114 g    240    5    0    90    0    no
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×
Fruits and 100% Fruit Juices                  
   Orange juice    240 mL    8 fl oz    240 mL    110    0    0    0    22    no
   Apple juice    240 mL    8 fl oz    240 mL    110    0    0    20    26    no
   Grape juice    240 mL    1 bottle    10 oz    200    0    0    20    49    no
Legumes                  
   Tofu, firm    85 g    3 oz    85 g    50    0    0    30    0    no
   Kidney beans    130 g    0.5 cup    130 g    110    0    0    360    2    yes
Nuts and Seeds                  
   Walnuts, shelled    30 g    0.25 cup    30 g    200    2    0    0    1    no
   Peanut butter    2 tbsp    2 tbsp    32 g    190    3    0    130    3    yes
Sauces, Condiments                  
   Mustard    1 tsp    1 tsp    5 g    5    0    0    120    1    yes
   Vinegar, white wine    1 tbsp    1 tbsp    15 mL    0    0    0    0    0    no
Snacks                  
   Potato snack    30 g    16 pc    30 g    150    2.5    0    150    1    yes
   Pretzels    30 g    ~9 pieces    28 g    110    0    0    560    <1    yes
   Fruit snack, sweetened 1    30 g    1    15 g    50    0    0    55    7    yes
   Fruit snack, sweetened 2    30 g    1 pouch    25 g    90    0    0    45    12    yes
Soups                  
   Cream of mushroom    245 g*    0.5 cup    120 mL    100    1    0    870    1    no
   Chicken with noodles    245 g*    0.5 cup    120 mL    70    0    0    650    7    no
   Vegetable    245 g*    0.5 cup    120 mL    100    0.5    0    650    7    no
   Tomato    245 g*    0.5 cup    120 mL    90    0    0    480    12    yes
   Cream of mushroom, “healthy”    245 g*    0.5 cup    120 mL    60    0.5    0    410    1    no
   Chicken with noodles, “healthy”    245 g*    0.5 cup    120 mL    70    0.5    0    410    2    no
   Vegetable, “healthy”    245 g*    0.5 cup    120 mL    100    0    0    410    5    no
   Tomato, “healthy”    245 g*    0.5 cup    120 mL    90    0    0    410    10    yes
Sugars and Sweets                  
   Apricot preserves    1 tbsp    1 tbsp    20 g    50    0    0    10    10    yes
   Chocolate-peanut candy    40 g    1 piece    21 g    110    2.5    0    75    11    yes
Vegetables including Juices                  
   Tomatoes, canned    130 g    0.5 cup    121 g    25    0    0    220    3    no
   Stewed tomatoes, canned    130 g    0.5 cup    126 g    35    0    0    460    7    yes
   Mixed vegetable juice    240 mL    1 can    5.5 oz    30    0    0    330    6    no
   Mixed vegetable juice, low sodium    240 mL    1 can    5.5 oz    30    0    0    80    6    yes
   Tomato juice    240 mL    8 fl oz    240 mL    50    0    0    680    7    no
   Tomato juice, low sodium    240 mL    8 fl oz    240 mL    50    0    0    140    7    no

ABBREVIATIONS: LCS = low calorie sweetener, RACC = reference amounts customarily consumed, SFA = saturated fat, TFA = trans fat.

NOTES:

•  Each product listed in the table is only one example of its type and may not be representative of others in the category.

•  Products followed by numbers represent different brands.

•  Nutrition and ingredient information was obtained from the Nutrition Facts panel on product labels, manufacturers’ websites, an online database of Nutrition Facts panels and ingredient statements (Available online: http://www.peapod.com/ [accessed on various dates throughout 2010 and 2011]) and the USDA Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies, 3.0 (Available online: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/search/ [accessed on various dates throughout 2010 and 2011]).

•  Chicken is regulated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture but is included as an example product.

•  “Healthy” = meets regulatory requirements for a health claim.

*Reconstituted.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
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TABLE E-2 Front-of-Package Points for Examples of Individual Foods Evaluated Against Potential Eligibility and Qualifying Criteria

   Product    SFA/ TFA    Sodium    Added sugars    FOP Points    Comments
Bakery products          
   Bread, 100% whole-wheat                3  
   Animal crackers              2  
   Graham crackers              2  
   Snack crackers              2  
   Oat and peanut butter bar            1  
   Sugar cookies            1  
   Chocolate chip cookies            1  
   Toaster pastry            1  
   Soup crackers    (✓)    (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds sodium disclosure
Beverages (non-dairy and non-100% juice)          
   Cola soft drink. diet                3  
   Cola soft drink    (✓)    (✓)      0    Sugars, sweets, beverages
   Lemon-lime soft drink    (✓)    (✓)      0    Sugars, sweets, beverages
   Sweetened tea    (✓)    (✓)      0    Sugars, sweets, beverages
   Lemon-lime sport drink    (✓)    (✓)      0    Sugars, sweets, beverages
Breakfast cereals          
   Shredded wheat                3  
   Oatmeal, instant plain                3  
   Toasted oats                3  
   Oatmeal, old fashioned                3  
   Crisped corn                3  
   Crisped rice                3  
   Sweetened toasted oats              2  
   Sweetened cereal 1              2  
   Sweetened cereal 2              2  
   Oatmeal, instant with fruit, nuts              2  
   Bran flakes with raisins              2  
Dairy products          
   Milk, 1% fat              2  
   Chocolate milk, 1% fat            1  
   Ricotta, part skim              2  
   Parmesan cheese      (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA, sodium disclosure
   Cheddar cheese      (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Cheddar cheese, 2% fat milk      (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Cheddar cheese, reduced fat      (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Mozzarella, part skim      (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Yogurt, plain nonfat                3  
   Yogurt, sweetened 1, fat free, LCS                3  
   Yogurt, sweetened 2, fat free              2  
   Yogurt, sweetened 3, low fat              2  
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×
   Yogurt, sweetened 4, low fat                2    
   Yogurt, sweetened 5, low fat                1    
Desserts                    
   Ice cream, vanilla regular        (✓)        0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Ice cream, vanilla light                1    
   Ice cream, vanilla fat free                2    
   Ice cream, vanilla no sugar added                2    
Eggs                    
   Egg, large                2    
Fats and oils                    
   Canola oil                3    
   Corn oil                3    
   Olive oil        (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Peanut oil        (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Soybean oil        (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Margarine, soft 1        (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Margarine, soft 2        (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Margarine, soft 3        (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Margarine, stick        (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Butter, sweet unsalted        (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Mayonnaise        (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Salad dressing, regular 1        (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Salad dressing, regular 2        (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds sodium disclosure
   Salad dressing, light 1                3    
   Salad dressing, light 2                3    
Fish, Shellfish, Game meats (Poultry)                    
   Chicken breasts, boneless skinless                3    
   Tuna fish, solid white in water                3    
   Salmon fillets, frozen raw                2    
   Salmon fillets, raw                2    
   Salmon steaks, raw                2    
   Salmon, canned                2    
   Chicken thighs, boneless skinless        (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
Fruits and Fruit Juices (100%)                    
   Orange juice                3    
   Apple juice                3    
   Grape juice                3    
Legumes                    
   Kidney beans, canned                3    
   Tofu, firm                3    
Nuts and Seeds                    
   Walnuts, shelled                2    
   Peanut butter        (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×
Product SFA/ TFA Sodium Added sugars FOP Points Comments
Sauces, Condiments          
   Mustard    (✓)    (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds sodium disclosure
   Vinegar, white wine                3  
Snacks          
   Potato snack          0    Exceeds SFA disclosure
   Pretzels    (✓)    (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds sodium disclosure
   Fruit snack, sweetened 1          0    Sugars, sweets, beverages
   Fruit snack, sweetened 2          0    Sugars, sweets, beverages
Soups          
   Cream of mushroom    (✓)    (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds sodium disclosure
   Chicken with noodles    (✓)    (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds sodium disclosure
   Vegetable    (✓)    (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds sodium disclosure
   Tomato              2  
   Cream of mushroom, “healthy”                3  
   Chicken with noodles, “healthy”                3  
   Vegetable, “healthy”                3  
   Tomato, “healthy”                3  
Sugars and sweets          
   Chocolate-peanut candy      (✓)      0    Sugars, sweets, beverages
   Apricot preserves    (✓)    (✓)      0    Sugars, sweets, beverages
Vegetables including juices          
   Mixed vegetable juice                3  
   Mixed vegetable juice, low sodium                3  
   Tomato juice    (✓)    (✓)    (✓)    0    Exceeds sodium disclosure
   Tomato juice, low sodium                3  
   Tomatoes, canned                3  
   Stewed tomatoes, canned                3  

ABBREVIATIONS: LCS = low calorie sweetener, LS = labeled serving, SFA = saturated fat, TFA = trans fat.

NOTES:

•  Each product listed in the table is only one example of its type and may not be representative of others in the category.

•  Products followed by numbers represent different brands.

•  Nutrient and ingredient information for the products listed in the table are provided in Table E-3.

•  Chicken is regulated by USDA but is included as an example product.

•  ✓ means that the product earned an FOP point for the indicated nutrient component.

•  (✓) means that the product would have a earned an FOP point for the indicated nutrient component if the product had not exceeded the disclosure level for SFA or sodium or had not been categorized as a Sugar, Sweets, or Beverage.

CRITERIA:

A product was eligible for FOP points if it:

•  did not exceed the disclosure level for saturated fat (i.e., it contained =4 g per RACC and labeled serving [LS], or per 50 g if RACC is small) (21 CFR 101.13(h)(1),

•  did not exceed the disclosure level for sodium (i.e., it contained =480 mg per RACC and LS, or per 50 g if RACC is small), (21 CFR 101.13(h)(1)), and

•  was not categorized as a Sugars, Sweets, or Beverage (USDA Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies, 3.0. 2008. Beltsville, MD: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Food Surveys Research Group. Pp. 93-100).

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×

A product qualified for a:

•  saturated and trans fats FOP point if it was “low” in saturated fat (i.e., it contained ≤1 g per RACC and ≤15% of calories) (21 CFR 101.62(c)(2)) and contained ≤0.5 g per LS or ≥0.5 g per LS product but no partially hydrogenated vegetable oil,

•  sodium FOP point if it met the sodium criteria for “healthy” (i.e., it contained ≤480 mg per RACC and LS, or per 50 g if RACC is small) (21 CFR 101.65(d)(2)(ii)), and

•  added sugars point if it met the criteria listed in Chapter 7, Table 7-8.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×

TABLE E-3 Front-of-Package Points for Example Fish and Poultry Products Evaluated Against Various Criteria for Saturated Fat Content

Product Low Healthy/Extra Lean Lean
Salmon fillets, raw 2 2 3
Salmon, canned 2 2 3
Salmon fillets, frozen raw 2 3 3
Salmon steaks, raw 2 3 3
Chicken breasts, boneless skinless 3 3 3
Tuna fish, canned solid in water 3 3 3
Chicken thighs boneless skinless 2 2 2

NOTES:

•  Nutrient and ingredient information for the products listed in the table are provided in Table E-2.

•  Chicken is regulated by USDA but is included as an example product.

•  Products were not evaluated for eligibility against the disclosure level for saturated fat (>4 g per RACC and LS).

•  “Low” saturated fat: ≤1 g per RACC and ≤15% of calories.

•  Healthy/extra lean: ≤2 g per RACC and per 100 g.

•  Lean: ≤4.5 g per RACC and per 100 g.

•  Products meet sodium “healthy” criteria (≤480 mg per RACC and LS) and contain no sugars.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×
Page 150
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×
Page 151
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×
Page 152
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×
Page 153
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×
Page 154
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×
Page 155
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Evaluation of Nutrient Content of Selected Example Foods." Institute of Medicine. 2012. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols: Promoting Healthier Choices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13221.
×
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During the past decade, tremendous growth has occurred in the use of nutrition symbols and rating systems designed to summarize key nutritional aspects and characteristics of food products. These symbols and the systems that underlie them have become known as front-of-package (FOP) nutrition rating systems and symbols, even though the symbols themselves can be found anywhere on the front of a food package or on a retail shelf tag. Though not regulated and inconsistent in format, content, and criteria, FOP systems and symbols have the potential to provide useful guidance to consumers as well as maximize effectiveness. As a result, Congress directed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to undertake a study with the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to examine and provide recommendations regarding FOP nutrition rating systems and symbols.

The study was completed in two phases. Phase I focused primarily on the nutrition criteria underlying FOP systems. Phase II builds on the results of Phase I while focusing on aspects related to consumer understanding and behavior related to the development of a standardized FOP system.

Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols focuses on Phase II of the study. The report addresses the potential benefits of a single, standardized front-label food guidance system regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, assesses which icons are most effective with consumer audiences, and considers the systems/icons that best promote health and how to maximize their use.

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