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UPDATING THE USDA NATIONAL
Breastfeeding
Campaign
Workshop Summary
Paula Tarnapol Whitacre and Sheila Moats, Rapporteurs
Food and Nutrition Board
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Govern-
ing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the
councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineer-
ing, and the Institute of Medicine.
This study was supported by Contract No. AG-3198-C-10-0017 between the Na-
tional Academy of Sciences and U.S. Department of Agriculture. Any opinions,
findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of
the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies
that provided support for this project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-21919-8
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-21919-1
Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies Press,
500 Fifth Street, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20055; (800) 624-6242 or
(202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet, http://www.nap.
edu.
For more information about the Institute of Medicine, visit the IOM home page
at: www.iom.edu.
Copyright 2011 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost
all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The serpent ad-
opted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is a relief carving from ancient
Greece, now held by the Staatliche Museen in Berlin.
Suggested citation: IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2011. Updating the USDA Na-
tional Breastfeeding Campaign: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The Na-
tional Academies Press.
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“Knowing is not enough; we must apply.
Willing is not enough; we must do.”
— Goethe
Advising the Nation. Improving Health.
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The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society
of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to
the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare.
Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Acad-
emy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific
and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy
of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter
of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding en-
gineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members,
sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the
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ing programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research,
and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is presi-
dent of the National Academy of Engineering.
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Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in
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tute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its
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Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.
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cil is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr.
Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively, of
the National Research Council.
www.national-academies.org
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PLANNING COMMITTEE FOR UPDATING THE USDA
NATIONAL BREASTFEEDING CAMPAIGN: A WORKSHOP*
RAFAEL PÉREZ-ESCAMILLA (Chair), Professor of Epidemiology &
Public Health, and Director, Office of Community Health, Yale
School of Public Health, New Haven
KARAN DIMARTINO, Marketing and Outreach Manager, Nutrition
Division, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston
GAIL G. HARRISON, Professor, School of Public Health, and Director,
Center for Global and Immigrant Health, University of California,
Los Angeles
M. JANE HEINIG, Executive Director and Academic Administrator,
Human Lactation Center, Department of Nutrition, University of
California, Davis
JAMES H. LINDENBERGER, Director, Center for Social Marketing at
the College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa
CAROLE PETERSON, Coordinator, Indiana Regional Lactation Center
and Tippecanoe/White County WIC Program, National WIC
Association Breastfeeding Committee Chairperson, Lafayette
Study Staff
SHEILA MOATS, Study Director
JULIA HOGLUND, Research Associate
HEATHER BREINER, Program Associate
ANTON L. BANDY, Financial Associate
GERALDINE KENNEDO, Administrative Assistant
LINDA D. MEYERS, Director, Food and Nutrition Board
*Institute of Medicine planning committees (IOM) are solely responsible for organizing
the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published
workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteur and the institution.
v
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Reviewers
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for
their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with pro-
cedures approved by the NRC’s Report Review Committee. The purpose
of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that
will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible
and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity,
evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and
draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.
We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:
Adam Burns, Strategic Planning and Research, Porter Novelli,
Washington, DC
Gail G. Harrison, School of Public Health, University of California,
Los Angeles
Hope Kenefick, HWK Consulting, Barrington, NH
Carol A. MacGowan, National Center for Chronic Disease
Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, GA
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive
comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the final draft
of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by
Hugh H. Tilson, University of North Carolina. Appointed by the Institute
of Medicine, he was responsible for making certain that an independent
examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional
procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Re-
sponsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authors
and the institution.
vii
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Contents
OVERVIEW 1
1 Opening Session 5
2 What Has Changed? 15
3 Lessons Learned from Other Social Marketing and
Breastfeeding Campaigns 33
4 Where Does the Breastfeeding Campaign Go from Here? 55
5 Responses and Concluding Remarks 75
APPENDIXES
A Workshop Agenda 83
B Planning Committee and Speaker Biographical Sketches 87
C Workshop Attendees 97
D Abbreviations and Acronyms 99
E Excerpts from Comments Received on the Institute of Medicine’s
Website for the Workshop to Update the USDA National
Breastfeeding Campaign 101
ix
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