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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Academy of Engineering. 2012. Global Navigation Satellite Systems: Report of a Joint Workshop of the National Academy of Engineering and the Chinese Academy of Engineering. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13292.
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Appendix D

Acronyms

ABAS aircraft-based augmentation system
APNT alternate position, navigation, and time
ARAIM advanced receiver autonomous integrity monitoring
ARNS Aeronautical Radio Navigation System
   
BD NAV BeiDou navigation
BDC BeiDou Coordinate System
BDT BeiDou system time
BOC binary offset carrier
BPS bits per second
BT BeiDou time
BTRF BeiDou Terrestrial Reference Frame
   
CAE Chinese Academy of Engineering
CBOC composite binary offset carrier
CDMA code division multiple access
CGCS 2000 China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000
CL civilian long length code
CM civilian moderate length code
CNAGA China National Administration of GNSS and Applications
CONUS conterminous United States
CORS continuously operating reference stations
CS clock set
CTRF 2000 China Terrestrial Reference Frame 2000
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Academy of Engineering. 2012. Global Navigation Satellite Systems: Report of a Joint Workshop of the National Academy of Engineering and the Chinese Academy of Engineering. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13292.
×
DME distance measuring equipment
DPE data processing element
   
EGONOS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service
   
FAA U.S. Federal Aviation Administration
FSL free space loss
   
GAGAN GPS and geo-augmented navigation system
GBAS ground-based augmentation system
GEO geostationary Earth orbit
GGS GPS Geodetic System
GIVE grid ionospheric vertical error
GLONASS GLObal NAvigation Satellite System (Russia)
GM Gravitational Mass
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite Systems
GPS Global Positioning System
GPST GPS Time
GRS Geodetic Reference System
   
HAL horizontal alert limit
HDOP horizontal dilution of precision
HMI hazardously misleading information
HPL horizontal protection level
   
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
ICD interface control document
ICG International Committee of GNSS
IFB inter-frequency bias
IFR instrument flight rules
iGMAS international GNSS Monitoring and Assessment System
IGS International GNSS Service
ILS instrument landing systems
IME inter-measurement element
IMU inertial measurement unit
INS inertial navigation systems
IPP ionospheric pierce point
IRNSS Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System
IRU inertial reference units
ITRF International Terrestrial Reference Frame
ITRS International Terrestrial Reference System
ITU International Telecommunication Union
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Academy of Engineering. 2012. Global Navigation Satellite Systems: Report of a Joint Workshop of the National Academy of Engineering and the Chinese Academy of Engineering. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13292.
×
LAAS Local Area Augmentation System
LEO low Earth orbit
LPV localizer-precision with vertical guidance
LSQ LightSquared Corporation
   
MCS master control stations
MEO medium Earth orbit
MOPS Minimum Operational Performance Standards
MTBF mean time between failures
MTTR mean time to restoration
MS monitor stations
MSAS Multi-Functional Satellite Augmentation System
   
NAE National Academy of Engineering
NANU GPS Notice Advisory to Navstar Users
NAS National Airspace System
NextGen Next Generation Air Traffic Management System
NRC National Research Council
NTSC National Time Service Center
NUTC national universal time coordinated
   
OBAD old but active data
OCE outer-comparison element
   
PANDA position and navigation system data analyst
PDOP position dilution of precision
PE positioning error
PL protection level
PNT positioning, navigation, and timing
PPD personal privacy device
PPP precision point positioning
PRN pseudo random noise
PVT position, velocity, and time
PWV precipitable water vapor
   
QZSS Quasi-Zenith Satellite System
   
RAIM receiver autonomous integrity monitoring
RDSS Radio Determination Satellite Service
RFI radio frequency interference
RMS root mean square
RNAV radio navigation
RNP required navigation performance
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Academy of Engineering. 2012. Global Navigation Satellite Systems: Report of a Joint Workshop of the National Academy of Engineering and the Chinese Academy of Engineering. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13292.
×
RNSS regional navigation satellite service
RO radio occultation
RP relative positioning
RTCA Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics
   
SARPS standard and recommended procedures
SBAS space-based augmentation systems
SGE signal generation element
SLR satellite laser range
SOL safety of life
SoW second of week
   
TDOP time dilution of precision
TFS Time and Frequency System
Tgd Tau group delay
TMBOC time multiplexed binary offset carrier
   
US upload stations
UAT universal access transponder
URAE user range acceleration error
UDRE user differential range error
URE user range error
URRE user range ratio error
UTC Coordinated Universal Time
   
VAL vertical alert limit
VLBI very long baseline interferometry
VDOP vertical dilution of precision
VOR VHF omni-directional range
VPL vertical protection level
   
WAAS Wide Area Augmentation System
WAM Wide Area Multilateration
WGS World Geodetic System
WIPP WAAS Integrity Performance Panel
WN week number
WRS WAAS reference station
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Academy of Engineering. 2012. Global Navigation Satellite Systems: Report of a Joint Workshop of the National Academy of Engineering and the Chinese Academy of Engineering. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13292.
×
Page 265
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Academy of Engineering. 2012. Global Navigation Satellite Systems: Report of a Joint Workshop of the National Academy of Engineering and the Chinese Academy of Engineering. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13292.
×
Page 266
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Academy of Engineering. 2012. Global Navigation Satellite Systems: Report of a Joint Workshop of the National Academy of Engineering and the Chinese Academy of Engineering. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13292.
×
Page 267
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Academy of Engineering. 2012. Global Navigation Satellite Systems: Report of a Joint Workshop of the National Academy of Engineering and the Chinese Academy of Engineering. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13292.
×
Page 268
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The Global Positioning System (GPS) has revolutionized the measurement of position, velocity, and time. It has rapidly evolved into a worldwide utility with more than a billion receiver sets currently in use that provide enormous benefits to humanity: improved safety of life, increased productivity, and wide-spread convenience. Global Navigation Satellite Systems summarizes the joint workshop on Global Navigation Satellite Systems held jointly by the U.S. National Academy of Engineering and the Chinese Academy of Engineering on May 24-25, 2011 at Hongqiao Guest Hotel in Shanghai, China.

"We have one world, and only one set of global resources. It is important to work together on satellite navigation. Competing and cooperation is like Yin and Yang. They need to be balanced," stated Dr. Charles M. Vest, President of the National Academy of Engineering, in the workshop's opening remarks. Global Navigation Satellite Systems covers the objectives of the workshop, which explore issues of enhanced interoperability and interchangeability for all civil users aimed to consider collaborative efforts for countering the global threat of inadvertent or illegal interference to GNSS signals, promotes new applications for GNSS, emphasizing productivity, safety, and environmental protection.

The workshop featured presentations chosen based on the following criteria: they must have relevant engineering/technical content or usefulness; be of mutual interest; offer the opportunity for enhancing GNSS availability, accuracy, integrity, and/or continuity; and offer the possibility of recommendations for further actions and discussions. Global Navigation Satellite Systems is an essential report for engineers, workshop attendees, policy makers, educators, and relevant government agencies.

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