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ALLIANCES FOR
OBESITY PREVENTION
FINDING COMMON GROUND
Workshop Summary
Lynn Parker, Emily Ann Miller, Elena Ovaitt, and
Stephen Olson, Rapporteurs
Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention
Food and Nutrition Board
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Govern-
ing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the
councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineer-
ing, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for
the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropri-
ate balance.
This study was supported by Grant No. 61747 between the National Academy of
Sciences and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Any opinions, findings, conclu-
sions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s)
and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided
support for this project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-22472-7
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-22472-1
Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies Press,
500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202)
334-3313; http://www.nap.edu.
For more information about the Institute of Medicine, visit the IOM home page
at: www.iom.edu.
Copyright 2012 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost
all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The serpent
adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is a relief carving from ancient
Greece, now held by the Staatliche Museen in Berlin.
Suggested citation: IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2012. Alliances for Obesity Pre-
vention: Finding Common Ground: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The
National Academies Press.
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“Knowing is not enough; we must apply.
Willing is not enough; we must do.”
— Goethe
Advising the Nation. Improving Health.
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The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society
of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to
the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare.
Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Acad-
emy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific
and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy
of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter
of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding
engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members,
sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the
federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineer-
ing programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research,
and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is presi-
dent of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of
Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in
the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Insti-
tute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its
congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own
initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V.
Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sci-
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Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the
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Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively,
of the National Research Council.
www.national-academies.org
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PLANNING COMMITTEE FOR A WORKSHOP ON
ALLIANCES FOR OBESITY PREVENTION*
THOMAS N. ROBINSON (Chair), Professor of Pediatrics and Medicine,
Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of
Medicine
ADAM DREWNOWSKI, Professor of Epidemiology, School of Public
Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington
SHIRIKI K. KUMANYIKA, Associate Dean, Health Promotion and
Disease Prevention, Professor of Epidemiology, University of
Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
JOSEPH THOMPSON, Director, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Center to Prevent Childhood Obesity, and Surgeon General, State of
Arkansas
ANTRONETTE YANCEY, Professor of Health Services, Co-Director,
Center to Eliminate Health Disparities, Department of Health
Services, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public
Health
Study Staff
LYNN PARKER, Scholar
EMILY ANN MILLER, Associate Program Officer
ELENA OVAITT, Senior Program Assistant
ANTON L. BANDY, Financial Officer
GERALDINE KENNEDO, Administrative Assistant
LINDA D. MEYERS, Director, Food and Nutrition Board
*Institute of Medicine planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the work-
shop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published workshop
summary rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.
v
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Reviewers
T
his report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for
their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with
procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report
Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide
candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its
published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets
institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the
study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confiden-
tial to protect the integrity of the process. We wish to thank the following
individuals for their review of this report:
SHEILA FLEISCHHACKER, Institute of Food Technologists
DOUGLAS IMIG, University of Memphis
JAMES KRIEGER, Public Health–Seattle & King County
MICHAEL METALLO, National Gardening Association
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive
comments and suggestions, they did not see the final draft of the report
before its release. The review of this report was overseen by MELVIN
WORTH. Appointed by the Institute of Medicine, he was responsible for
making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried
out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review com-
ments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this
report rests entirely with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.
vii
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Contents
1 BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE 1
Social Movements and Obesity Prevention, 2
Organization of This Summary, 5
2 MISSION: READINESS 7
Too Fat to Fight, 8
Changing Food Intake, 8
Improving Fitness, 10
Investing for the Future, 10
3 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 11
Obesity and the Environment, 11
The Animal Connection, 13
Community Food Security, 14
A Commercial-Free Childhood, 16
Food and Gardening, 18
Food Retailers and Obesity Prevention, 20
Discussion, 22
4 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT 25
Community Development, 25
Transportation Policy, 27
Bringing Back Recess, 28
Working with the Police, 30
Healthy Parks, Healthy People, 30
ix
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x CONTENTS
Places to Play, 31
Discussion, 33
5 FORMING SUCCESSFUL ALLIANCES 35
Characteristics of Successful Social and Ideological
Movements and Alliances, 35
The Importance of Building Authentic Trust, 38
Discussion, 41
6 BUILDING ALLIANCES 43
Creating Cross-Sector Alliances, 43
Working with Unexpected Allies, 46
7 FINAL OBSERVATIONS 49
REFERENCES 51
APPENDIXES
A Workshop Agenda 57
B Speaker Biographical Sketches 61
C Statement of Task 71
D Acronyms 73
