respondents. For example, the percentage of respondents who felt that a woman should be ashamed of her HIV status dropped from 25 percent to 8 percent. The end line study indicated less fear associated with the spread of HIV/AIDS. A significantly lower number of respondents said that an HIV-positive woman should be kept away from her children and that her belongings should be segregated. Stigma and discrimination against women living with HIV/AIDS also showed a significant decrease: Some 86 percent of respondents at end-line said that an HIV-positive woman should not be ostracized from society. The reduction in stigma was also apparent in the significant decrease in respondents wanting to keep family members’ HIV status secret. The percentage dropped from 45.3 percent at baseline to 6.3 percent at end line.

•   Increased knowledge and responsibility regarding the practice of safe sex. In the end-line report there was a significant increase in knowledge about safe sex among respondents. Roughly 81 percent promptly referred to “condom use,” while nearly 31 percent could correctly identify safe sex as “consistency in the use of condoms for safe sex.” More than two-thirds of respondents reported that being monogamous is a safe sex practice. Both base- and end-line data revealed that men are comparatively more aware than women about safe-sex issues.

•   Increased joint decision making between spouses. Breakthrough’s campaign led to greater respect for women’s role in decision making within the family. A majority of the respondents indicated that decisions relating to children’s education, children’s marriage, the purchase of major household items, and visits to a wife’s relatives were being made by both the husband and wife. A significantly higher proportion of respondents reported joint decision making on family planning matters, including whether to have sex.

•   Continued unwillingness among unmarried men to discuss sexual partners. The end-line data underscored the continuing unwillingness of men and women to disclose sexual relationships outside of marriage. Only 6 percent of unmarried, widower, and separated men reported having a sexual partner, and none of their partners asked them to use condoms. None of the unmarried women reported having a sexual partner.

The end-line study also revealed a greater openness to express one’s sexual inclinations and disinclinations. Both male and female respondents indicated a greater willingness to say whether or not they wished to engage in sexual activity with their spouse.