National Academies Press: OpenBook
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R1
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R2
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R3
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R4
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R5
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R6
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R7
Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R8
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R9
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R10
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R11
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R12
Page xiii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R13
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R14
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R15
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R16
Page xvii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R17
Page xviii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2012. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13374.
×
Page R18

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels Committee on Toxicology Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology Division on Earth and Life Studies

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 FIFTH STREET, NW WASHINGTON, DC 20001 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Insti- tute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This project was supported by Contract No. W81K04-11-D-0017 and EP-W-09-007 be- tween the National Academy of Sciences and the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recom- mendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project. International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-25481-6 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-25481-7 Additional copies of this report are available from The National Academies Press 500 Fifth Street, N.W., Keck 360 Washington, DC 20001 800-624-6242 202-334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area) http://www.nap.edu Copyright 2012 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the re- sponsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the Na- tional Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council. www.national-academies.org

COMMITTEE ON ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS Members DONALD E. GARDNER (Chair), Inhalation Toxicology Associates, Savannah, GA EDWARD C. BISHOP, Parsons Government Services, Council Bluffs, IA (until August 2011) LUNG CHI CHEN, New York University, Tuxedo RAKESH DIXIT, MedImmune/AstraZeneca Biologics, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD (until August 2011) KATHLEEN L. GABRIELSON, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD GUNNAR JOHANSON, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden DAVID P. KELLY, Dupont Company (retired), Newark, DE (until December 2011) MARGARET M. MACDONELL, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL DAVID A. MACYS, U.S. Department of the Navy (retired), Oak Harbor, WA MARIA T. MORANDI, University of Montana, Missoula FRANZ OESCH, University of Mainz (retired), Mainz, Germany NU-MAY RUBY REED, California Environmental Protection Agency (retired), Davis GEORGE C. RODGERS, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY RICHARD B. SCHLESINGER, Pace University, Pleasantville, NY (until August 2011) ROBERT SNYDER, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ KENNETH R. STILL, Occupational Toxicology Associates, Inc., Hillsboro, OR Staff SUSAN MARTEL, Senior Program Officer MIRSADA KARALIC-LONCAREVIC, Manager, Technical Information Center RADIAH ROSE, Manager, Editorial Projects Sponsors U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY v

COMMITTEE ON TOXICOLOGY Members GARY P. CARLSON (Chair), Purdue University (retired), West Lafayette, IN LAWRENCE S. BETTS, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk DEEPAK K. BHALLA, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI DEBORAH A. CORY-SLECHTA, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY MARY E. DAVIS, West Virginia University, Morgantown DAVID C. DORMAN, North Carolina State University, Raleigh MARION F. EHRICH, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg JOYCE S. TSUJI, Exponent, Inc., Bellevue, WA Staff SUSAN N.J. MARTEL, Senior Program Officer for Toxicology MIRSADA KARALIC-LONCAREVIC, Manager, Technical Information Center RADIAH ROSE, Manager, Editorial Projects TAMARA DAWSON, Program Associate vi

BOARD ON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND TOXICOLOGY1 Members ROGENE F. HENDERSON (Chair), Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM PRAVEEN AMAR, Clean Air Task Force, Boston, MA TINA BAHADORI, American Chemistry Council, Washington, DC MICHAEL J. BRADLEY, M.J. Bradley & Associates, Concord, MA DALLAS BURTRAW, Resources for the Future, Washington, DC JONATHAN Z. CANNON, University of Virginia, Charlottesville GAIL CHARNLEY, HealthRisk Strategies, Washington, DC FRANK W. DAVIS, University of California, Santa Barbara RICHARD A. DENISON, Environmental Defense Fund, Washington, DC CHARLES T. DRISCOLL, JR., Syracuse University, New York H. CHRISTOPHER FREY, North Carolina State University, Raleigh RICHARD M. GOLD, Holland & Knight, LLP, Washington, DC LYNN R. GOLDMAN, George Washington University, Washington, DC LINDA E. GREER, Natural Resources Defense Council, Washington, DC WILLIAM E. HALPERIN, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark PHILIP K. HOPKE, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY HOWARD HU, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor SAMUEL KACEW, University of Ottawa, Ontario ROGER E. KASPERSON, Clark University, Worcester, MA THOMAS E. MCKONE, University of California, Berkeley TERRY L. MEDLEY, E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Wilmington, DE JANA MILFORD, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder FRANK O’DONNELL, Clean Air Watch, Washington, DC RICHARD L. POIROT, Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation, Waterbury KATHRYN G. SESSIONS, Health and Environmental Funders Network, Bethesda, MD JOYCE S. TSUJI, Exponent Environmental Group, Bellevue, WA Senior Staff JAMES J. REISA, Director DAVID J. POLICANSKY, Scholar RAYMOND A. WASSEL, Senior Program Officer for Environmental Studies SUSAN N.J. MARTEL, Senior Program Officer for Toxicology ELLEN K. MANTUS, Senior Program Officer for Risk Analysis EILEEN N. ABT, Senior Program Officer RUTH E. CROSSGROVE, Senior Editor MIRSADA KARALIC-LONCAREVIC, Manager, Technical Information Center RADIAH ROSE, Manager, Editorial Projects 1 This study was planned, overseen, and supported by the Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology. vii

OTHER REPORTS OF THE BOARD ON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND TOXICOLOGY Macondo Well–Deepwater Horizon Blowout: Lessons for Improving Offshore Drilling Safety (2012) Feasibility of Using Mycoherbicides for Controlling Illicit Drug Crops (2011) Improving Health in the United States: The Role of Health Impact Assessment (2011) A Risk-Characterization Framework for Decision-Making at the Food and Drug Administration (2011) Review of the Environmental Protection Agency’s Draft IRIS Assessment of Formaldehyde (2011) Toxicity-Pathway-Based Risk Assessment: Preparing for Paradigm Change (2010) The Use of Title 42 Authority at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2010) Review of the Environmental Protection Agency’s Draft IRIS Assessment of Tetrachloroethylene (2010) Hidden Costs of Energy: Unpriced Consequences of Energy Production and Use (2009) Contaminated Water Supplies at Camp Lejeune—Assessing Potential Health Effects (2009) Review of the Federal Strategy for Nanotechnology-Related Environmental, Health, and Safety Research (2009) Science and Decisions: Advancing Risk Assessment (2009) Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment: The Tasks Ahead (2008) Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction and Economic Benefits from Controlling Ozone Air Pollution (2008) Respiratory Diseases Research at NIOSH (2008) Evaluating Research Efficiency in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2008) Hydrology, Ecology, and Fishes of the Klamath River Basin (2008) Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology and Risk Assessment (2007) Models in Environmental Regulatory Decision Making (2007) Toxicity Testing in the Twenty-first Century: A Vision and a Strategy (2007) Sediment Dredging at Superfund Megasites: Assessing the Effectiveness (2007) Environmental Impacts of Wind-Energy Projects (2007) Scientific Review of the Proposed Risk Assessment Bulletin from the Office of Management and Budget (2007) Assessing the Human Health Risks of Trichloroethylene: Key Scientific Issues (2006) New Source Review for Stationary Sources of Air Pollution (2006) Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals (2006) Health Risks from Dioxin and Related Compounds: Evaluation of the EPA Reassessment (2006) Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA’s Standards (2006) State and Federal Standards for Mobile-Source Emissions (2006) Superfund and Mining Megasites—Lessons from the Coeur d’Alene River Basin (2005) Health Implications of Perchlorate Ingestion (2005) Air Quality Management in the United States (2004) Endangered and Threatened Species of the Platte River (2004) viii

Atlantic Salmon in Maine (2004) Endangered and Threatened Fishes in the Klamath River Basin (2004) Cumulative Environmental Effects of Alaska North Slope Oil and Gas Development (2003) Estimating the Public Health Benefits of Proposed Air Pollution Regulations (2002) Biosolids Applied to Land: Advancing Standards and Practices (2002) The Airliner Cabin Environment and Health of Passengers and Crew (2002) Arsenic in Drinking Water: 2001 Update (2001) Evaluating Vehicle Emissions Inspection and Maintenance Programs (2001) Compensating for Wetland Losses Under the Clean Water Act (2001) A Risk-Management Strategy for PCB-Contaminated Sediments (2001) Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals (nine volumes, 2000-2010) Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury (2000) Strengthening Science at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2000) Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment (2000) Ecological Indicators for the Nation (2000) Waste Incineration and Public Health (2000) Hormonally Active Agents in the Environment (1999) Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter (four volumes, 1998-2004) The National Research Council’s Committee on Toxicology: The First 50 Years (1997) Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens in the Human Diet (1996) Upstream: Salmon and Society in the Pacific Northwest (1996) Science and the Endangered Species Act (1995) Wetlands: Characteristics and Boundaries (1995) Biologic Markers (five volumes, 1989-1995) Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment (1994) Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children (1993) Dolphins and the Tuna Industry (1992) Science and the National Parks (1992) Human Exposure Assessment for Airborne Pollutants (1991) Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution (1991) Decline of the Sea Turtles (1990) Copies of these reports may be ordered from the National Academies Press (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 www.nap.edu ix

OTHER REPORTS OF THE COMMITTEE ON TOXICOLOGY Review of Studies of Possible Toxic Effects from Past Environmental Contamination at Fort Detrick: A Letter Report (2012) Review of Risk Assessment Work Plan for the Medical Countermeasures Test and Evaluation Facility at Fort Detrick, A Letter Report (2011) Assistance to the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command with Preparation of a Risk Assessment for the Medical Countermeasures Test and Evaluation (MCMT&E) Facility at Fort Detrick, Maryland, A Letter Report (2011) Review of the Department of Defense Enhanced Particulate Matter Surveillance Program Report (2010) Evaluation of the Health and Safety Risks of the New USAMRIID High-Containment Facilities at Fort Detrick, Maryland (2010) Combined Exposures to Hydrogen Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide in Army Operations: Final Report (2008) Managing Health Effects of Beryllium Exposure (2008) Review of Toxicologic and Radiologic Risks to Military Personnel from Exposures to Depleted Uranium (2008) Emergency and Continuous Exposure Guidance Levels for Selected Submarine Contaminants, Volume 1 (2007), Volume 2 (2008) Review of the Department of Defense Research Program on Low-Level Exposures to Chemical Warfare Agents (2005) Review of the Army's Technical Guides on Assessing and Managing Chemical Hazards to Deployed Personnel (2004) Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines for Selected Contaminants, Volume 1 (2004), Volume 2 (2007), Volume 3 (2008) Toxicologic Assessment of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8 (2003) Review of Submarine Escape Action Levels for Selected Chemicals (2002) Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals (2001) Evaluating Chemical and Other Agent Exposures for Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity (2001) Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Contaminants, Volume 1 (2000), Volume 2 (2002), Volume 3 (2003), Volume 4 (2004), Volume 5 (2007), Volume 6 (2008), Volume 7 (2009), Volume 8 (2009), Volume 9 (2010), Volume 10 (2011) Review of the U.S. Navy’s Human Health Risk Assessment of the Naval Air Facility at Atsugi, Japan (2000) Methods for Developing Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines (2000) Review of the U.S. Navy Environmental Health Center’s Health-Hazard Assessment Process (2000) Review of the U.S. Navy’s Exposure Standard for Manufactured Vitreous Fibers (2000) Re-Evaluation of Drinking-Water Guidelines for Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate (2000) Submarine Exposure Guidance Levels for Selected Hydrofluorocarbons: HFC-236fa, HFC-23, and HFC-404a (2000) Review of the U.S. Army’s Health Risk Assessments for Oral Exposure to Six Chemical-Warfare Agents (1999) x

Toxicity of Military Smokes and Obscurants, Volume 1(1997), Volume 2 (1999), Volume 3 (1999) Assessment of Exposure-Response Functions for Rocket-Emission Toxicants (1998) Toxicity of Alternatives to Chlorofluorocarbons: HFC-134a and HCFC-123 (1996) Permissible Exposure Levels for Selected Military Fuel Vapors (1996) Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentrations for Selected Airborne Contaminants, Volume 1 (1994), Volume 2 (1996), Volume 3 (1996), Volume 4 (2000), Volume 5 (2008) xi

Preface Extremely hazardous substances (EHSs)2 can be released accidentally as a result of chemical spills, industrial explosions, fires, or accidents involving rail- road cars and trucks transporting EHSs. Workers and residents in communities surrounding industrial facilities where EHSs are manufactured, used, or stored and in communities along the nation’s railways and highways are potentially at risk of being exposed to airborne EHSs during accidental releases or intentional releases by terrorists. Pursuant to the Superfund Amendments and Reauthoriza- tion Act of 1986, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has identi- fied approximately 400 EHSs on the basis of acute lethality data in rodents. As part of its efforts to develop acute exposure guideline levels for EHSs, EPA and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) in 1991 requested that the National Research Council (NRC) develop guidelines for establishing such levels. In response to that request, the NRC published Guidelines for Developing Community Emergency Exposure Levels for Hazard- ous Substances in 1993. Subsequently, Standard Operating Procedures for De- veloping Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances was pub- lished in 2001, providing updated procedures, methodologies, and other guidelines used by the National Advisory Committee (NAC) on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances and the Committee on Acute Expo- sure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) in developing the AEGL values. Using the 1993 and 2001 NRC guidelines reports, the NAC—consisting of members from EPA, the Department of Defense (DOD), the Department of En- ergy (DOE), the Department of Transportation (DOT), other federal and state governments, the chemical industry, academia, and other organizations from the private sector—has developed AEGLs for more than 270 EHSs. In 1998, EPA and DOD requested that the NRC independently review the AEGLs developed by NAC. In response to that request, the NRC organized within its Committee on Toxicology (COT) the Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels, which prepared this report. This report is the eleventh volume in that series. AEGL documents for bis-chloromethyl ether, chloromethyl 2 As defined pursuant to the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986. xiii

xiv Preface methyl ether, chlorosilanes, nitrogen oxides, and vinyl chloride are each pub- lished as an appendix in this report. The committee concludes that the AEGLs developed in these appendixes are scientifically valid conclusions based on the data reviewed by NAC and are consistent with the NRC guideline reports. AEGL reports for additional chemicals will be presented in subsequent volumes. The committee’s review of the AEGL documents involved both oral and written presentations to the committee by the authors of the documents. The committee examined the draft documents and provided comments and recom- mendations for how they could be improved in a series of interim reports. The authors revised the draft AEGL documents based on the advice in the interim reports and presented them for reexamination by the committee as many times as necessary until the committee was satisfied that the AEGLs were scientifi- cally justified and consistent with the 1993 and 2001 NRC guideline reports. After these determinations have been made for an AEGL document, it is pub- lished as an appendix in a volume such as this one. The five interim reports of the committee that led to this report were re- viewed in draft form by individuals selected for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the NRC’s Re- port Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its pub- lished report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institu- tional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to pro- tect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of the five committee interim reports, which summa- rize the committee’s conclusions and recommendations for improving NAC’s AEGL documents for bis-chloromethyl ether (interim reports 18 and 19a), chloromethyl methyl ether (interim reports 11, 18, and 19a), chlorosilanes (in- terim reports 18 and 19a), nitrogen oxides (interim reports 15, 18, and 19a), and vinyl chloride (interim reports 16, 18, and 19a): Deepak Bhalla (Wayne State University), Harvey Clewell (The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences), Sid- ney Green, Jr. (Howard University), A. Wallace Hayes (Harvard School of Pub- lic Health), Rogene Henderson (Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute [re- tired]), Sam Kacew (University of Ottawa), James McDougal (Wright State University [retired]), Charles Reinhardt (DuPont Haskell Laboratory [retired]), Andrew Salmon (California Environmental Protection Agency), Joyce Tsuji (Exponent, Inc.), and Judith Zelikoff (New York University). Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations, nor did they see the final draft of this volume before its re- lease. The review of interim report 11 was overseen by Rakesh Dixit (MedIm- mune/AstraZeneca Biologics, Inc.), and interim reports 15, 16, 18, and 19a were overseen by Robert Goyer (University of Western Ontario [retired]). Appointed by the NRC, they were responsible for making certain that an independent ex- amination of the interim reports was carried out in accordance with institutional

Preface xv procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsi- bility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring commit- tee and the institution. The committee gratefully acknowledges the valuable assistance provided by the following persons: Ernest Falke and Iris A. Camacho (both from EPA) and George Rusch (Risk Assessment and Toxicology Services). The committee also acknowledges Susan Martel, the project director for her work this project. Other staff members who contributed to this effort are James J. Reisa (director of the Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology), Radiah Rose (manager of editorial projects), Mirsada Karalic-Loncarevic (manager of the Technical Information Center), and Tamara Dawson (program associate). Finally, I would like to thank all members of the committee for their expertise and dedicated ef- fort throughout the development of this report. Donald E. Gardner, Chair Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels

Contents INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................. 3 APPENDIXES 1 BIS-CHLOROMETHYL ETHER ........................................................ 13 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels 2 CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER ............................................. 62 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels 3 SELECTED CHLOROSILANES ....................................................... 106 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels 4 NITROGEN OXIDES .......................................................................... 167 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels 5 VINYL CHLORIDE ............................................................................ 257 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels xvii

Next: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals--Volume 11 »
Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 11 Get This Book
×
Buy Paperback | $48.00 Buy Ebook | $38.99
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!
Download Free PDF

At the request of the Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Research Council has reviewed the relevant scientific literature compiled by an expert panel and established Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for several chemicals. AEGLs represent exposure levels below which adverse health effects are not likely to occur and are useful in responding to emergencies, such as accidental or intentional chemical releases in community, workplace, transportation, and military settings, and for the remediation of contaminated sites. Three AEGLs are approved for each chemical, representing exposure levels that result in: 1) notable but reversible discomfort; 2) long-lasting health effects; and 3) life-threatening health impacts. This volume in the series includes AEGLs for bis-chloromethyl ether, chloromethyl methyl ether, chlorosilanes, nitrogen oxides, and vinyl chloride.

  1. ×

    Welcome to OpenBook!

    You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

    Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

    No Thanks Take a Tour »
  2. ×

    Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

    « Back Next »
  3. ×

    ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

    « Back Next »
  4. ×

    Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

    « Back Next »
  5. ×

    To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

    « Back Next »
  6. ×

    Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

    « Back Next »
  7. ×

    View our suggested citation for this chapter.

    « Back Next »
  8. ×

    Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

    « Back Next »
Stay Connected!