Food Insecurity and Malnutrition
Aiga, H. 2008. How many people are really hungry? The Lancet 372(9647):1367-1369.
Arimond, M., C. Hawkes, and M. T. Ruel. 2011. Agricultural interventions and nutrition outcomes: lessons from the past and new evidence. Combating Micronutrient Deficiencies: Food-based Approaches:41-75
Barrett, C. B. 2010. Measuring food insecurity. Science 327(5967):825-828.
Caulfield, L. E., M. de Onis, M. Blossner, and R. E. Black. 2004. Undernutrition as an underlying cause of child deaths associated with diarrhea, pneumonia, malaria, and measles. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 80:193-198.
Dawe, D. 2010. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) senior economist responds on “made-up world hunger numbers.” AIDWATCH. Available at http://aidwatchers.com/2010/09/fao-senior-economist-responds-on-%E2%80%9Cmade-up-world-hunger-numbers%E2%80%9D. Accessed February 9, 2011.
Deitchler, M., M. Deitchler, T. Ballard, A. Swindale, and J. Coates. 2010. Validation of a Measure of Household Hunger for Cross-Cultural Use. Washington, DC: Academy for Educational Development.
Easterly, W., and L. Freschi. 2010. “Proofiness:” trashing back on FAO hunger numbers. AIDWATCH. Available at http://aidwatchers.com/2010/09/%E2%80%9Cproofiness%E2%80%9D-trashing-back-on-fao-hunger-numbers. Accessed February 9, 2011.
Easterly, W. 2010. Spot the made-up world hunger numbers. AIDWATCH. Available at http://aidwatchers.com/2010/09/spot-the-made-up-world-hunger-numbers. Accessed February 9, 2011.
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FAO. 2003. Measurement and Assessment of Food Deprivation and Undernutrition: Summary of Proceeding. International Scientific Symposium. Rome, Italy: FAO.
FAO. 2008. Making FIVIMS work for you: Tools and Tips. Rome, Italy: FAO.
FAO. 2009. The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2009: Economic Crisis–Impact and Lesson Learned. Rome, Italy: FAO
FAO. 2010a. The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2010: Addressing Food Insecurity in Protracted Crises. Rome, Italy: FAO.
FAO. 2010b. Global hunger declining, but still unacceptably high: International Hunger targets difficult to reach. Rome, Italy: FAO Economic and Social Development Department.
GAO (U.S. Government Accountability Office). 2008. International food security: insufficient efforts by host governments and donors threaten progress to halve hunger in Sub-Saharan Africa by 2015. GAO-08-680.
Hawkesworth, S., A. D. Dangour, D. Johnston, K. Lock, N. Poole, J. Rushton, R. Uauy and J. Waage. 2010. Feeding the world healthily: the challenge of measuring the effects of agriculture on health. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B 365:3083-3097.
Haytmanek, E., and K. McClure, rapporteurs. 2009. Mitigating the Nutritional Impacts of the Global Food Price Crises: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Kerac, M., H. Blencowe, C. Graijalva-Eternod, M. McGrath, J. Shoham, T.J. Cole, and A. Seal. 2011. Prevalence of wasting among under 6-month-old infants in developing countries and implications of new case definitions using WHO growth standards: a secondary data analysis. Archives of Disease in Childhood 96(11):1008-1013.
Khan, S., and M. A. Hanjra. 2009. Footprints of water and energy inputs in food production—global perspectives. Food Policy 34:130-140.
Khashan, A. S., and L. C. Kenny. 2009. The effects of maternal body mass index on pregnancy outcome. European Journal of Epidemiology 24(11):697-705.
Lawrence, G., K. Lyons, and T. Wallington, eds. 2009. Food Security, Nutrition and Sustainability New Challenges—Future Options. London: Earthscan.
Mason, J. B. 2002. Keynote paper: measuring hunger and malnutirition. In Measurement and Assessment of Food Deprivation and Undernutrition: Summary of Proceeding. Rome, Italy: FAO.
McCullough, E. B., P. L. Pingali, and K. G. Stamoulis, eds. The Transformation of Agri-Food Systems: Globalization, Supply Chains and Smallholder Farmers. 2008. Rome, Italy: FAO/Earthscan.
Muth, M. K., S. A. Karns, S. J. Nielsen, J. C. Buzby, and H. F. Wells. 2011. Consumer-Level Food Loss Estimates and Their Use in the ERS Loss-Adjusted Food Availability Data. Technical Bulletin 1927. Washington, DC: USDA Economic Research Service.
Naiken, L. 2002. FAO methodology for estimating the prevalence of undernourishment. In Measurement and Assessment of Food Deprivation and Undernutrition: Summary of Proceeding. Rome, Italy: FAO.
Nandy, S., M. Irving, D. Godron, S. V. Subramanian, and G. D. Smith. 2005. Poverty, child undernutrition and morbidity: new evidence from India. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 83(11):210-216.
NRC (National Research Council). 2005. Measuring Food Insecurity and Hunger: Phase I Report. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
NRC. 2006. Food Insecurity and Hunger in the United States: An Assessment of the Measure. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
NRC. 2010. Mitigating the Nutritional Impacts of the Global Food Price Crises: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
Pinstrup-Andersen, P., and A. Herforth. 2008. Food security: achieving the potential. Environment 50(5):48-62.
Pinstrup-Andersen, P. 2009. Food Security: Definition and Measurement. Food Security 1:5-7.
Ramalingaswami, V., U. Jonsson, and J. Rohde. 1996. Commentary: the Asian enigma. Pp. 10-17 in The Progress of Nations. New York: UNICEF.
Rose, S. A. 1994. Relation between physical growth and information processing in infants born in India. Child Development 65(3):889-902.
Rosen, S., and S. Shapouri. 2010. Effects of income distribution on food security. Pp. 1-2 in Agriculture Information Bulletin 765-2. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Shetty, P. 2009. Incorporating nutritional considerations when addressing food insecurity. Food Security 1(4):431-440.
Sibrián, R. 2009. Indicators for monitoring hunger at global and subnational levels. Nutrition Reviews 67(Suppl. 1):S17–S20.
Smith, L. C., H. Alderman, and D. Aduayom. 2006. Food Insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa: New Estimates from Household Expenditure Surveys. Research Report 146. Washington, DC: IFPRI (International Food Policy Research Institute).
Smith, L. 1998. Can FAO’s measure of chronic undernourishment be strengthened? Food Policy 23(5):425-445.
Spielman., D. J., and R. Pandya-Lorch, eds. 2009. Millions Fed: Proven Successes in Agricultural Development. Washington, DC: IFPRI.
Svedberg, P. 2006. Declining child malnutrition: a reassessment. International Journal of Epidemiology 35:1336-1346.
Svedberg, P. 1999. 841 Million Undernourished? World Development 27(12):2081-2098.
Swindale, A., and P. Bilinsky. 2006a. Development of a universally applicable household food insecurity measurement tool: process, current status, and outstanding issues. Journal of Nutrition 136:1449S-1452S.
The Georgia Institute of Technology. Environmental Metrics and Indicators. Available at http://www.srl.gatech.edu/education/ME4171/IndicatorsMetrics.ppt%3Chttp://www.srl.gatech.edu/education/ME4171/IndicatorsMetrics.ppt. Accessed June 6, 2011.
The World Bank. 2007. World Development Report 2008: Agriculture for Development. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Tomkins, A. 2000. Malnutrition, morbidity and mortality in children and their mothers. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 59:135-146.
UK Department for International Development. 2009. The Neglected Crisis of Undernutrition: Evidence for Action. London, UK: UK Department for International Development.
UK Department for International Development. 2009. The Neglected Crisis of Undernutrition: DFID’s Strategy. London, UK: UK Department for International Development.
United Nations. 2010. The Millennium Development Goals Report 2010. New York: United Nations.
USDA Economic Research Service. 2009. Food Security Assessment, 2008-09 / GFA-20. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture.
von Braun, J. 2009. Food-Security Risks Must be Comprehensively Addressed: Annual Report Essay 2008-2009. Washington, DC: IFPRI.
von Grebmer, K., B. Nestorova, A. Quisumbing, R. Fertziger, H. Fritschel, R. Pandya-Lorch, and Y. Yohannes. 2009. Global Hunger Index. The Challenge of Hunger: Focus on Financial Crisis and Gender Inequality. Washington, DC: IFPRI.
von Grebmer. K., H. Fritschel, B. Nestorova, T. Olofinbiyi, R. Pandya-Lorch, and Y. Yohannes. 2008 Global Hunger Index: The Challenge of Hunger 2008. Washington, DC: IFPRI.
Webb, P., J. Coates, E. A. Frongillo, B. L. Rogers, A. Swindale, and P. Bilinsky. 2006. Measuring household food insecurity: why it’s so important and yet so difficult to do. Journal of Nutrition 136:1404S-8S.
WFP (United Nations World Food Programme). 2009. Hunger and Markets: World Hunger Series. Oxford, UK: Earthscan.
WFP. 2008. Food Consumption Analysis: Calculation and Use of the Food Consumption Score in Food Security Analysis. Rome, Italy: WFP.
WHO (World Health Organization) Multicentre Growth Reference Study Group. 2006. WHO child growth standards: length/height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-length, weight-for-height and body mass index-forage: Methods and development. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO:312.
WHO Expert Consultation. 2004. Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. The Lancet 363:157-163.
WHO/CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). 2007. Assessing the Iron Status of Populations, 2nd edition. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
Wiesmann, D., L. Bassett, T. Benson, and J. Hoddinott. 2009. Validation of the World Food Programme’s Food Consumption Score and Alternative Indicators of Household Food Security. IFPRI Discussion Paper 00870. Washington, DC: IFPRI.
World Summit on Food Security. 2009. Feeding the World, Eradicating Hunger: Executive Summary. Available at http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/wsfs/Summit/WSFS_Issues_papers/WSFS_Background_paper_Feeding_the_world.pdf. Accessed January 6, 2011.
Global Poverty
Ahmed, F. 2004. Practices of Poverty Measurement and Poverty Profile of Bangladesh. ERD Working Paper 54. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank.
Alkire, S., and J. Foster. 2009. Counting and Multidimensional Poverty Measurement. Oxford Poverty & Human Development Initiative (OPHI) Working Paper No. 32. Oxford, UK: University of Oxford.
Anand, S., P. Segal, and J. E. Stiglitz. eds. Debates on the Measurement of Global Poverty: The Initiative for Policy dialogue Series. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Datt, G. 1998. Computational Tools for Poverty Measurement and Analysis. FCND Discussion Paper 50. Washington, DC: IFPRI.
Deaton, A., and J. Drèze. 2009. Food and nutrition in India: facts and interpretations. Economic & Political Weekly 44(7):42-65.
Deaton, A., and A. Heston. 2010. Understanding PPPs and PPP-based national accounts. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 2(4):1-35.
Deaton, A. 2010. Price indexes, inequality, and the measurement of world poverty. American Economic Review 100(1):5-34.
Deaton, A., and O. Dupriez. 2011. Purchasing power parity exchange rates for the global poor. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 3:137-166.
Hulme, D., and A. McKay. 2008. Identifying and Measuring Chronic Poverty: Beyond Monetary Measures. WIDER Conference on the Future of Development Economics. Helsinki, Finland.
Kakwani, N., and J. Silber, eds. 2008. The Many Dimensions of Poverty. Hampshire, England: Palgrave Macmillan.
Klasen, S. 2006. Poverty, undernutrition, and child mortality: some inter-regional puzzles and their implications for research and policy. Journal of Economic Inequality 6(1):89-115.
Luc, C., S. Christopher, and W. Quentin. 2002. Poverty Measurement and Analysis. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Pogge, T., and S. G. Reddy. 2006. Unknown: the extent, distribution, and trend of global income poverty. Economic and Political Weekly 41(22):2241-2247.
Ravallion, M., and S. Chen. 2008. The developing world is poorer than we thought, but no less successful in the fight against poverty. The Quarterly Journal of Economics 125(4):1577-1625.
Ravallion, M. 2010. Poverty Lines across the World. Policy Research Working Paper 5284. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Ravallion, M. 2010. Reply to Angus Deaton’s Paper “Price Indexes, Inequality, and the Measurement of World Poverty.” Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Tandon, A., and R. Hasan. 2005. Conceptualizing and Measuring Poverty as Vulnerability: Does It Make a Difference? ERD Policy Brief 41. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank.
Natural Resources and Agricultural Productivity
Alexander, S. S. 2010. Field to Market: The Keystone Alliance for Sustainable Agriculture. USDA Agricultural Outlook Forum 2010.
Alston, J., M. Anderson, J. James, and P. Pardey. 2010. Persistence Pays: U.S. Agricultural Productivity Growth and the Benefits from Public R&D Spending. New York: Springer.
Bruinsma, B., ed. 2003. World Agriculture: Towards 2015/2030. An FAO Perspective. Rome, Italy: FAO and London: Earthscan.
Capper, J. L., R. A. Cady, and D. E. Bauman. 2009. The environmental impact of dairy production: 1944 compared with 2007. Journal of Animal Science 87:2160-2167.
Capper, J. L. 2010a. The Environmental Impact pf Conventional, Natural and Grass-Fed Beef Production Systems. Proceedings of the Greenhouse Gases and Animal Agriculture Conference 2010. Banff, Canada.
Capper, J. L. 2010b. The Environmental Impact of U.S. Beef Production: 1977 Compared with 2007. Proceedings of the Greenhouse Gases and Animal Agriculture Conference 2010. Banff, Canada.
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Clay, J. 2010. Agriculture from 2000 to 2050: The Business as Usual Scenario. Washington, DC: The Global Harvest Initiative.
FAO. 2006. Livestock’s Long Shadow: Environmental Issues and Options. Rome, Italy: FAO.
FAO. 2009a. How to Feed the World in 2050. Rome, Italy: FAO.
FAO. 2009b. The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2009. Rome, Italy: FAO.
FAO. 2010. Greenhouse Gas Emissions from the Dairy Sector: A Life Cycle Assessment. Rome, Italy: FAO.
FAO. FAOSTAT. Available at http://faostat.fao.org/default.aspx. Accessed January 6, 2011.
Friedlingstein, P., R. A. Houghton, G. Marland, J. Hackler, T. A. Boden, T. J. Conway, J. G. Canadell, M. R. Raupach, P. Ciais, and C. Le Quéré. 2010. Update on CO2 emissions. Nature Geoscience 3:811-812.
Fuglie, K. 2008. Is slowdown in agricultural productivity growth contributing to the rise in commodity prices? Agricultural Economics 39:supplement 431-444.
Fulginiti, L. E, and R. K. Perrin. 2005. Productivity and welfare. The Journal of Productivity Analysis 49(2):133-155.
Gleick, P. H., H. Cooley, M. Morikawa, J. Morrison, and M. Palaniappan. 2008. The World’s Water 2008-2009: The Biennial Report on Freshwater Resources. Washington, DC: Island Press.
Global Footprint Network. 2009. Footprint Factbook: Africa 2009. Securing Human Development in a Resource Constrained World. Oakland, CA: Global Footprint Network.
Global Harvest Initiative. 2010. Measuring Global Agricultural Productivity: 2010 GAP Report. Available at http://www.globalharvestinitiative.org/documents/GAP%20Report.pdf.
Grainger, A. 2009. Measuring the planet to fill terrestrial data gaps. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106:20557–20558.
InterAcademy Council. 2004. Realizing the Promise and Potential of African Agriculture. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: InterAcademy Council.
Izac, A.M., H. Egelyng, G. Ferreira, D. Duthie, B. Hubert, and N. Louwaars. 2009. Options for enabling policies and regulatory environments. Agriculture at a Crossroads 1: The Global Report. International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge Science and Technology for Development, B. D. McIntyre, H. Herren, and R. T. Watson, eds. Washington, DC: Island Press.
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Keystone Center. 2009. Field to Market: The Keystone Alliance for Sustainable Agriculture. Environmental Resource Indicators for Measuring Outcomes of On-Farm Agricultural Production in the United States, 1st Report. Keystone, CO: The Keystone Center
Khamzina, A., J. P. A. Lamers, and P. L. G. Vlek. 2009. Nitrogen fixation by Elaeagnus angustifolia in the reclamation of degraded croplands of Central Asia. Tree Physiology 29(6):799-808.
Lobell, D. B., K. G. Cassman, and C. B. Field. 2009. Crop yield gaps: their importance, magnitudes, and causes. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 34:179-204.
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. 2005a. Global Assessment Report 1: Current Status & Trends. Washington, DC: Island Press.
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. 2005b. Living Beyond Our Means: Natural Assets and Human Well-being. Washington, DC: Island Press.
Molden, D., ed. 2007. Water for Food, Water for Life: A Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture. London, UK: Earthscan and Colombo, Sri Lanka: IWMI.
Molden, D., T. Oweis, P. Steduto, P. Bindraban, M. A. Hanjra, and J. Kijne. 2010. Improving agricultural water productivity: Between optimism and caution. Agricultural Water Management 97:528–535.
Monfreda, C., N. Ramankutty, and J. A. Foley. 2008. Farming the planet. Part 2: geographic distribution of crop areas, yields, physiological types, and net primary production in the year 2000. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 22(1):1-19.
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NRC. 2008. Emerging Technologies to Benefit Farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
NRC. 2010. Advancing the Science of Climate Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
NRC. 2010. Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Royal Society. 2003. Measuring Biodiversity for Conservation. London, UK: The Royal Society.
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Rudel, T. K., L. Schneider, M. Uriarte, B. L. Turner II, R. DeFries, D. Lawrence, J. Geoghegan, S. Hecht, A. Ickowitz, E. F. Lambin, T. Birkenholtz, S. Baptista, and R. Grau. 2009. Agricultural intensification and changes in cultivated areas, 1970-2005. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106:20675-20680.
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Impacts And Essential Responses. Technical Committee Background Paper No. 14. Stockholm, Sweden: Global Water Partnership.
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Venot, J. P., H. Turral, M. Samad, and F. Molle. 2007. Explaining basin closure through shifting waterscape in the lower Krishna basin, South India. Research Report 111. Colombo, Sri Lanka: IWMI.
Vermeulen, S. J., P. K. Aggarwal, A. Ainslie, C. Angelone, B. M. Campbell, A. J. Challinor, J. Hansen, J. S. I. Ingram, A. Jarvis, P. Kristjanson, C. Lau, P. K. Thornton, and E. Wollenberg. Agriculture, Food Security and Climate Change: Outlook for Knowledge, Tools and Action. CCAFS Report No. 3. Frederiksberg C, Denmark: Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security.
Vlek, P. L. G., G. Rodriguez-Kuhl, and R. Sommer. 2004. Energy use and CO2 production in tropical agriculture and means and strategies for reduction or mitigation. Environment, Development and Sustainability 6:213-233.
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Wood, S., K. Sebastian, and S. J. Scherr. Pilot Analysis of Global Ecosystems: Agroecosystems. Washington, DC: IFPRI and World Resources Institute.
World Bank. 2006. Ethiopia: Managing Water Resources to Maximize Sustainable Growth: Country Water Resources Assistance Strategy. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
World Bank. 2010a. Global Strategy to Improve Agricultural and Rural Statistics. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
World Bank. 2010b. World Development Indicators: Agriculture and Rural Development. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
World Resources Institute. 2008. World Resources 2008: Roots of Resilience - Growing the Wealth of the Poor. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.
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