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Appendix B
Biographical Sketches of
Committee Members and Staff
Kenneth Prewitt (Chair) is the Carnegie professor of public affairs at
Columbia University. Previously, he taught at the University of Chicago,
Stanford University, Washington University, in Kenya and Uganda. His
other positions included director of the U.S. Census Bureau and of the
National Opinion Research Center, president of the Social Science Research
Council, senior vice president of the Rockefeller Foundation, and dean at
the New School University. His current writing focuses on how to improve
race statistics and why that matters and the use of science in policy interests.
He is a fellow of numerous professional associations and broadly active in
science policy. He has a Ph.D. in political science from Stanford University.
George W. Bohrnstedt is senior vice president for research (emeritus) at
the American Institutes for Research, where he helped in the development
of new programs of research for the organization. He has had an interest in
measurement in the social sciences throughout his professional career, grow-
ing out of his minor in educational psychology with an emphasis on tests
and measurement. He currently chairs the National Center for Education
Statistics' Validity Studies Panel for the National Assessment of Educational
Progress (NAEP) and works on two other NAEP research projects. He has
B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in sociology and a minor in educational
psychology from the University of WisconsinMadison.
103
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104 USING SCIENCE AS EVIDENCE IN PUBLIC POLICY
Norman M. Bradburn is Tiffany and Margaret Blake distinguished service
professor emeritus of the University of Chicago and a senior fellow at the
National Opinion Research Center (NORC). Associated with NORC since
1961, he has been both director and president of its Board of Trustees. At
the National Research Council, he has chaired the Committee on National
Statistics, the panel to advise the Census Bureau on alternative methods for
conducting the census in the year 2000, the panel to review the National
Assessment of Educational Progress, and the panel to assess the 2000 census.
From 2000-2004, he was the assistant director for the Social, Behavioral,
and Economic Sciences Directorate at the National Science Foundation.
Bradburn has a Ph.D. in social psychology from Harvard University.
Alicia L. Carriquiry is distinguished professor of statistics at Iowa State
University. Her research interests are in Bayesian statistics and general
methods. Her recent work focuses on nutrition and dietary assessment,
as well as on problems in genomics, forensic sciences, and traffic safety.
Carriquiry is an elected member of the International Statistical Institute,
a fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics, and a fellow of the
American Statistical Association. She has served on the executive commit-
tee of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics, of the International Society
for Bayesian Analysis, and of the American Statistical Association and was
a member of the board of trustees of the National Institute of Statistical
Sciences. She has served on several committees and panels of the National
Academies including the standing Committee on National Statistics. She is
currently chairing a committee that is discussing approaches to estimate the
number of illegal border crossings in the Southwestern border of the United
States. She has a M.Sc. in animal science from the University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign, and a M.Sc. in statistics and a Ph.D. in statistics and
animal genetics from Iowa State University.
Nancy D. Cartwright is professor of philosophy in the Department of Phi-
losophy, Logic and Scientific Method in the London School of Economics
and Political Science; she is also professor of philosophy at the University
of California, San Diego. Her principal interests are the philosophy and
history of science (especially physics and economics), causal inference, and
evidence and objectivity in science and policy. She has recently served as
president of the Philosophy of Science Association and of the American
Philosophical Association, Pacific Division. Cartwright has a Ph.D. in phi-
losophy from the University of Illinois at Chicago.
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APPENDIX B 105
Harris Cooper is professor of psychology and chair of the Department of
Psychology and Neuroscience at Duke University. His work involves re-
search syntheses and meta-analysis in varied fields, such as personality and
social psychology, developmental psychology, marketing, and developmen-
tal medicine and child neurology; he is also interested in the application of
social and developmental psychology to education policy issues. He is past
editor of the Psychological Bulletin and currently serves as the chief editorial
adviser for the journals program of the American Psychological Association.
He has a Ph.D. in social psychology from the University of Connecticut.
Jonathan R. Dolle is a research associate for evaluation and field building
at the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, where he
also directs the foundation's postbaccalaureate fellowship program. His
current work focuses on understanding how education organizations can
adapt tools and methods from quality improvement efforts in health care
and manufacturing. From 2005 to 2010, Dolle worked as a research assis-
tant on Carnegie's business education and liberal learning project, where he
co-authored the book Rethinking Undergraduate Business Education. In the
fall of 2009, he was a Mirzayan policy fellow at the National Academy of
Sciences. He has a Ph.D. in education from the Stanford University School
of Education and degrees in engineering, philosophy, and education policy
from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Michael J. Farrell was appointed deputy commissioner for strategic initia-
tives in the New York City Police Department in January 2002. In this
position, he directs the activities of the Office of Management Analysis
and Planning and the Quality Assurance Division. He was first appointed
to the New York City Police Department in 1985 as the director of special
projects and has since served as assistant commissioner, Office of the First
Deputy Commissioner; deputy commissioner for policy development; and
as deputy commissioner for policy and planning. From June 1999 to Janu-
ary 2002, he served as the deputy director of criminal justice for New York
state, providing oversight and coordination of the state's criminal justice
agencies. Prior to his tenure with the New York City Police Department, he
served on the director's staff at the National Institute of Justice, the research
branch of the U.S. Department of Justice.
Stephen E. Fienberg is Maurice Falk university professor of statistics
and social science in the Department of Statistics, the Machine Learning
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106 USING SCIENCE AS EVIDENCE IN PUBLIC POLICY
Department, the Heinz College, and Cylab at Carnegie Mellon Univer-
sity. A leader in the development of statistical methods for the analysis
of multivariate categorical data, he has also worked on the development
of statistical methods for large-scale sample surveys and censuses, such as
those carried out by the federal government, and on the interrelationships
between sample surveys and randomized experiments. His current research
includes technical and policy aspects of privacy and confidentiality and on
methods for the analysis of network data. Fienberg has also been active in
the application of statistical methods to legal problems and in assessing
the appropriateness of statistical testimony in actual legal cases, and he has
linked his interests in Bayesian decision making to the issues of legal deci-
sion making. He has served on a broad array of National Research Council
and Institute of Medicine committees, evaluating scientific evidence arising
from the social, behavioral, and biomedical science studies. He is a member
of the National Academy of Sciences and a fellow of the American Academy
of Arts and Sciences and the Royal Society of Canada. Fienberg has a Ph.D.
in statistics from Harvard University.
Sheila S. Jasanoff is Pforzheimer professor of science and technology
studies at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government,
where she directs the Program on Science, Technology and Society. Her re-
search focuses on the relationship of science and technology to law, politics,
and policy in modern democratic societies, with particular emphasis on the
role of science in cultures of public participation and public reasoning. She
has written and lectured widely on environmental regulation, risk manage-
ment, and the politics of the life sciences in the United States, Europe, and
India. She has a Ph.D. in linguistics from Harvard University and a J.D.
from Harvard Law School.
Robert L. Jervis is Adlai E. Stevenson professor of international politics
at Columbia University, where he has been a member of the faculty since
1980. He has also taught at the University of California, Los Angeles
(1974-1980) and Harvard University (1968-1974). In 2000-2001, he
served as the president of the American Political Science Association.
Jervis is co-editor of Studies in Security Affairs and a member of numerous
editorial review boards for scholarly journals. Most recently, his publica-
tions include Why Intelligence Fails (2010), as well as edited volumes and
numerous articles in scholarly journals. He has a Ph.D. from the University
of California, Berkeley.
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APPENDIX B 107
Robert E. Litan is director of research for Bloomberg Government. He was
previously vice president for research and policy at the Kauffman Founda-
tion, where he managed and conducted research relating to entrepreneur-
ship, and a senior fellow in the Economic Studies Program at the Brookings
Institution. He is the co-author of Better Capitalism (Yale University Press,
2012), Good Capitalism, Bad Capitalism, Economic Growth and Prosperity
(2007), and Competitive Equity: Developing a Lower Cost Alternative for Mu-
tual Funds (2007). Litan has served on the staff of the Council of Economic
Advisers, as deputy assistant attorney general in the Antitrust Division
of the Justice Department, and as an associate director of the Office and
Management and Budget. He also has been a consultant to the Treasury
Department on financial policy issues. He was a member of the Commis-
sion on the Causes of the Savings and Loan Crisis. Litan has a B.S. degree
in economics (summa cum laude) from the Wharton School Department
of Finance at the University of Pennsylvania; a J.D. from Yale Law School;
and a Master of Philosophy and a Ph.D. in economics from Yale University.
Ann Morning is associate professor of sociology at New York University.
Morning publishes and lectures on racial classification and conceptualiza-
tion in the United States and abroad, with particular attention to the uses
of racial categorization in demography, law, medicine, and genetic research.
Her research topics include the historical and contemporary demography
of the U.S. multiracial population, racial classification of ethnic groups like
Hispanic and South Asian Americans, cross-national comparison of ethnic
classification practices on censuses worldwide, scientific and lay concepts
of race, and the effect of socially desirable reporting on Americans' expres-
sion of biological definitions of race. She has a B.A. (magna cum laude) in
economics and political science from Yale University and a Master of In-
ternational Affairs from Columbia University's School of International and
Public Affairs. She also has an M.A. and Ph.D. in sociology from Princeton
University, where she specialized in demography at the Office of Popula-
tion Research. Her doctoral dissertation won the American Sociological
Association's Dissertation Award in 2005, and was published in 2011 by the
University of California Press as The Nature of Race: How Scientists Think
and Teach about Human Difference.
Robert A. Pollak is Hernreich distinguished professor of economics in the
Faculty of Arts and Sciences and the John M. Olin School of Business at
Washington University in St. Louis. His research interests include the eco-
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108 USING SCIENCE AS EVIDENCE IN PUBLIC POLICY
nomics of the family, price and cost-of-living indexes, and environmental
policy. At the National Research Council, he served on the Committee on
National Statistics panel on cost-of-living indexes. From 1997 to 2007,
Pollak co-chaired the MacArthur Foundation Network on the Family and
the Economy, an interdisciplinary group of economists, sociologists, and
developmental psychologists studying the functioning of families. He has a
Ph.D. in economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Melissa Lee Sands is a Ph.D. student in government at Harvard University,
where she studies American politics and quantitative methodology. She
holds a Master of Public Administration from Columbia University's School
of International and Public Affairs, where she concentrated in advanced
policy and economic analysis, and a B.A. in sociology from the University
of WisconsinMadison. She has held an associate faculty appointment at
SIPA and has worked for public officials in Wisconsin and for nonprofit
organizations in Madison, Wisconsin; New York City; and Lagos, Nigeria.
Stephen H. Schneider (deceased July 2010) was the Melvin and Joan
Lane professor for interdisciplinary environmental studies, professor in the
Department of Biology, and a senior fellow in the Woods Institute for the
Environment at Stanford University. He was also a professor by courtesy
in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. He served as
a research scientist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research from
1973 to 1996, where he co-founded the Climate Project. He focused on
climate change science, integrated assessment of ecological and economic
impacts of human-induced climate change, and identifying viable climate
policies and technological solutions. He consulted for federal agencies and
White House staff in six administrations. Involved with the Intergovern-
mental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) since 1988, he was coordinating
lead author of Working Group II for Chapter 19, "Assessing Key Vulner-
abilities and the Risk from Climate Change," and a core writer for the
Fourth Assessment Synthesis Report. He, along with four generations of
IPCC authors, received a collective Nobel Peace Prize in 2007. Elected to
the National Academy of Sciences in 2002, Schneider received the Ameri-
can Association for the Advancement of Science/Westinghouse Award for
Public Understanding of Science and Technology and a MacArthur Fellow-
ship for integrating and interpreting the results of global climate research.
Founder and editor of Climatic Change, he authored or co-authored many
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APPENDIX B 109
books, scientific papers, proceedings, legislative testimonies, edited books
and chapters, reviews, and editorials.
Thomas A. Schwandt is professor in the Department of Educational
Psychology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Previously
he was a faculty member in the School of Education at Indiana University,
where he was also a fellow in the university's Poynter Center for the Study
of Ethics and American Institutions. He has also held a faculty appoint-
ment in medical education at the University of Illinois at Chicago Medical
School. He is the author of Evaluation Practice Reconsidered (2004) and
The Dictionary of Qualitative Inquiry (1997, 2001, 2007), among others.
In addition, he has authored many papers and chapters on issues in the
theory of evaluation and interpretive methodologies. In 2002, he received
the Paul F. Lazarsfeld Award from the American Evaluation Association for
his contributions to evaluation theory. Schwandt has a Ph.D. in inquiry
methodology from Indiana University, Bloomington.
Miron L. Straf (Study Director) is deputy director of the Division of
Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education at the National Research
Council. Previously, he served as director of the division's Committee on
National Statistics and was at the National Science Foundation, where he
worked on developing the research priority area for the social, behavioral,
and economic sciences. He was on the faculty of the University of Califor-
nia, Berkeley, and the London School of Economics and Political Science,
and was president of the American Statistical Association. He received the
American Association of Public Opinion Research's Innovators Award for
his work on cognitive aspects of survey methodology. His major research
interests are government statistics and the use of statistics and research for
public policy decision making. He has a Ph.D. in statistics from the Uni-
versity of Chicago.
Sidney Verba is Carl H. Pforzheimer university professor emeritus in the
Department of Government at Harvard University and director emeritus of
the Harvard University Library. He is a member of the National Academy
of Sciences, a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the
American Philosophical Society, and president emeritus of the American
Political Science Association (APSA). He has received numerous APSA
awards, including the Krammerer Prize, the Woodrow Wilson Prize, and
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110 USING SCIENCE AS EVIDENCE IN PUBLIC POLICY
the James Madison Prize, APSA's highest prize awarded every 3 years for a
career contribution to political science. In 2002, he was awarded the Johan
Skytte Prize, the major international prize in political science. He received
a Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1959.
