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Suggested Citation:"Appendix J: List of Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2012. The New Global Ecosystem in Advanced Computing: Implications for U.S. Competitiveness and National Security. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13472.
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J


List of Abbreviations

AC Advanced Computing
ACM Association for Computing Machinery
ACSAC Asia-Pacific Computer Systems Architecture Conference
ASPLOS International Symposium on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems
A-SSCC Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference
ATP Advanced Technology Products
CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate
CAS Chinese Academy of Sciences
CCMA Cloud Computing Center for Mobile Application
CMOS Complementary-Symmetry Metal-Oxide Semiconductors
Code 4 Information and Communications Advanced Technology Products
Code 5 Electronics Advanced Technology Products
COTS Commercial-Off-the-Shelf
CPU Central Processing Unit
DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
DOD Department of Defense
EC European Commission
ECFA Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement
ECOOP European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming
ESSCIRC European Solid-State Circuits Conference
ESSDERC European Solid-State Device Research Conference
Eurographics Conference of the European Association for Computer Graphics
FGCS Fifth Generation Computer Systems (project)
FP7 Seventh Framework Program (2007–2013)
FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Arrays
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GPU Graphics Processing Unit
GP-GPU General Purpose Graphics Processing Unit
HiPEAC European Network of Excellence on High-Performance and Embedded Architectures and Compilers
HPC High-Performance Computing
HPCA International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture
IC Integrated Circuits
ICT Information and Communications Technology
IDM Integrated Device Manufacturer
Suggested Citation:"Appendix J: List of Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2012. The New Global Ecosystem in Advanced Computing: Implications for U.S. Competitiveness and National Security. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13472.
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IEDM International Electron Devices Meeting
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
ILP Instruction-Level Parallelism
IP Internet Protocol
IPC Instructions per Clock Cycle
IPR Intellectual Property Rights
ISA Instruction Set Architecture
ISC International Symposium on Computer Architecture
ISSCC International Solid-State Circuits Conference
IT Information Technology
ITRI Industrial Technology Research Institute
KET Key Enabling Technologies
LED Light-emitting Diode
MCC Microelectronics and Computer Technology Consortium
MEMS Microelectromechanical Systems
MICRO International Symposium on Microarchitecture
MIIT Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
MLP Medium- and Long-Term Plan (2006–2020)
MOST Ministry of Science and Technology
NANO International Conference on Nanotechnology
NNIN National Nanofabrication Infrastructure Network
NRC National Research Council
NSF National Science Foundation
ODM Original Device Manufacturer
OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer
OOPSLA Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications
O-S-D Optoelectronics-Sensor-Discrete
OSDI Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation
PARLE Parallel Architectures and Languages Europe
PC Personal Computer
PLDI Programming Language Design and Implementation
POPL Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages
PPoPP Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming
PwC PricewaterhouseCoopers
R&D Research and Development
S&T Science and Technology
SC International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage, and Analysis
Sci Science of Science Tool
SEI Strategic Emerging Industries
SEMATECH Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology
SIA Semiconductor Industry Association
SIGGRAPH International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques
SoC System-on-a-Chip
SOSP Symposium on Operating Systems Principles
SPA&T Semiconductor Packaging, Assembly, and Test
SPERC Secure, Parallel, Evolvable, Reliable and Correct (software)
SRC Semiconductor Research Corporation
TSMC Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
VLDB International Conference on Very Large Databases
WWW International World Wide Web Conference
Suggested Citation:"Appendix J: List of Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2012. The New Global Ecosystem in Advanced Computing: Implications for U.S. Competitiveness and National Security. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13472.
×
Page 101
Suggested Citation:"Appendix J: List of Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2012. The New Global Ecosystem in Advanced Computing: Implications for U.S. Competitiveness and National Security. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13472.
×
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Computing and information and communications technology (ICT) has dramatically changed how we work and live, has had profound effects on nearly every sector of society, has transformed whole industries, and is a key component of U.S. global leadership. A fundamental driver of advances in computing and ICT has been the fact that the single-processor performance has, until recently, been steadily and dramatically increasing year over years, based on a combination of architectural techniques, semiconductor advances, and software improvements. Users, developers, and innovators were able to depend on those increases, translating that performance into numerous technological innovations and creating successive generations of ever more rich and diverse products, software services, and applications that had profound effects across all sectors of society. However, we can no longer depend on those extraordinary advances in single-processor performance continuing. This slowdown in the growth of single-processor computing performance has its roots in fundamental physics and engineering constraints--multiple technological barriers have converged to pose deep research challenges, and the consequences of this shift are deep and profound for computing and for the sectors of the economy that depend on and assume, implicitly or explicitly, ever-increasing performance. From a technology standpoint, these challenges have led to heterogeneous multicore chips and a shift to alternate innovation axes that include, but are not limited to, improving chip performance, mobile devices, and cloud services. As these technical shifts reshape the computing industry, with global consequences, the United States must be prepared to exploit new opportunities and to deal with technical challenges. The New Global Ecosystem in Advanced Computing: Implications for U.S. Competitiveness and National Security outlines the technical challenges, describe the global research landscape, and explore implications for competition and national security.

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