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Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology (2012)

Chapter: Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
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Appendix E


Committee Member Biographies

Dr. Miriam E. John (chair) is serving in various consulting and board roles since her retirement as the vice president of Sandia National Laboratory in Livermore, California. During her Sandia career, she worked on a wide variety of programs, including nuclear weapons, chemical and biological defense, missile defense, and solar energy, and provided leadership for a number of the laboratory’s energy, national security and homeland security programs. She is a member of the DoD’s Defense Science Board and Threat Reduction Advisory Committee. She is also the chair of the National Research Council’s Naval Studies Board and serves on the board of directors of the National Institute for Hometown Security. She is a past member of the Air Force Scientific Advisory Board, the Board on Army Science and Technology, and DOE’s National Commission on Science and Security. She was appointed a national associate of the National Academies of Science and Engineering. She chairs the California Council on Science and Technology. She is a member of the board of advisors for MIT Lincoln Laboratory, the board of directors for Draper Laboratory, and external advisory board of Savannah River National Laboratory. She is a member of the board of directors of SAIC and the Strategic Advisory Board for RedX Defense Systems. She is also a member of the director’s review committee for the National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and has served on the director search committees for both Lawrence Livermore and Los Alamos National Laboratories. She is a member of the Dean’s advisory board for the School of Science and Engineering and chairs the advisory board for the Depart-

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
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ment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at Tulane University, where she has been recognized as an outstanding alumna.

Dr. David R. Franz, Ph.D., D.V.M., was formerly the vice president and chief biological scientist at Midwest Research Institute in Frederick, Maryland, and senior advisor to the Office of the Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Defense Programs for the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. Dr. Franz served in the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command for 23 of 27 years on active duty and retired as a colonel. He served as commander of the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) and as deputy commander of the Medical Research and Materiel Command. Prior to joining the command, he served as group veterinarian for the 10th Special Forces Group (Airborne). Dr. Franz was the chief inspector on three United Nations Special Commission biological warfare inspection missions to Iraq and served as technical advisor on long-term monitoring. He also served as a member of the first two US-UK teams that visited Russia in support of the Trilateral Joint Statement on Biological Weapons and as a member of the Trilateral Experts’ Committee for biological weapons negotiations. Dr. Franz was technical editor for the Textbook of Military Medicine on Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare released in 1997. Current standing committee appointments include the Defense Intelligence Agency Red Team Bio-Chem 2020, the National Academy of Sciences Committee on International Security and Arms Control and the Board on Life Sciences, and the Department of Health and Human Services National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity. He serves on the Boards of the Federation of American Scientists and Integrated NanoTechnologies. Dr. Franz holds an adjunct appointment as professor for the Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology at the College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, and serves on the Dean’s advisory council. The current focus of his activities relates to the role of international engagement in the life sciences as a component of national security policy. Dr. Franz holds a D.V.M. from Kansas State University and a Ph.D. in physiology from Baylor College of Medicine.

Ms. Jill Hruby is the Sandia National Laboratories vice president for energy, security and defense technologies. The energy, security and defense technologies organization primarily supports Sandia’s mission efforts in energy and resource systems research and development, nuclear power, environmental quality, the reduction of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and the global threat of terrorism, and the protection of nuclear and other vital national assets. Jill will also lead Sandia’s International, Homeland, and Nuclear Security Strategic Management

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
×

Unit (SMU), including Sandia’s strategic initiative on nuclear security. This initiative focuses on all aspects of nuclear security including nonproliferation, technology support to arms control activity, global nuclear security and threat reduction, nuclear asset protection and detection and response to weapons of mass destruction. Most recently the director of Homeland Security and Defense Systems at Sandia’s Livermore, Calif., site, she has been with Sandia for more than 25 years. She has served as Sandia’s director of materials and engineering sciences, where she was responsible for materials research and development and microsystem fabrication and performance. Over the course of her Sandia career, she has also been actively engaged with nanoscience research, hydrogen storage, solar energy research, mechanical component design, thermal analysis and microfluidics. Jill is a member of the Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology of the National Academies.

Dr. Anna Johnson-Winegar served as the deputy assistant to the Secretary of Defense (Chemical and Biological Defense Programs) from 1999 until her retirement in 2003. She acted as the single focal-point within the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) responsible for oversight, coordination, and integration of the chemical/biological (CB) defense, counterproliferation support, chemical demilitarization, and Assembled Chemical Weapons Assessment (ACWA) programs. She represented the Department of Defense on multiple interagency and international groups addressing chemical and biological issues. She provided Congressional testimony on numerous occasions during this time. She also participated as a biological weapons inspector in Iraq for the United Nations under UNSCOM. In 1998, she received the lifetime achievement award from Women in Science and Engineering. Upon her retirement from civil service, she received the Department of Defense Meritorious Service Award (with bronze palm), Presidential Rank Award as a Meritorious Executive in the Senior Executive Service, the gold medal from the National Defense Industrial Association, and numerous other recognitions. In 2006 she received the Distinguished Alumna Award from Hood College, her alma mater. She currently is engaged in private consulting work for industry, academic, and government clients.

Dr. Charles E. Kolb is the president and chief executive officer of Aerodyne Research, Inc. He joined Aerodyne as a senior research scientist in 1971. At Aerodyne, his personal areas of research have included atmospheric and environmental chemistry, combustion chemistry, and the chemical physics of rocket and aircraft exhaust plumes. In the area of atmospheric and environmental chemistry, Dr. Kolb initiated Aerodyne’s programs to develop and utilize tunable infrared laser spectrometers and aerosol

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
×

mass spectrometers for the identification and quantification of sources, sinks and ambient concentration distributions of trace atmospheric gases and aerosol particles involved in urban, regional and global pollution problems, as well as the development of spectral sensing techniques to quantify soil pollutants. He received a B.S. in chemistry from MIT and a M.S. and Ph.D. in physical chemistry from Princeton University. He is a fellow of the American Chemical Society, the American Physical Society, the American Geophysical Union, the Optical Society of America and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Dr. Kolb is also a member of the Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology of the National Academies and a National Associate of the National Academies.

Dr. C. Rick Lyons was named director of the Infectious Disease Research Center at Colorado State University in 2010. Dr. Lyons is a physician scientist trained as a hematologist/oncologist. He received his M.D. and doctorate from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School in Dallas, Texas. He received his Ph.D. in immunology and did his training in hematology/oncology at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. He comes to Colorado State University from the University of New Mexico Health Science Center in Albuquerque where he was professor of medicine and director of the Center for Infectious Diseases and Immunology. His scientific expertise is in developing animal models of human diseases that can be used to translate products into humans. Dr. Lyons has over twenty five years experience in developing and performing research in animal models of infectious disease. There are three main emphases in his research: 1) Develop the most accurate animal models of infection that mimic human disease; 2) Apply cutting edge technology to analyze the endpoints during in vivo infection; and 3) Develop strong collaborations with internal and external investigators to bring the most expertise to bear on these issues. In the last ten years he has focused his research on a variety of emerging infections particularly in the field of bioweapons including Bacillus anthracis and Francisella tularensis using a variety of species to examine their pathogenesis including mice, rats, rabbits and primates.

Dr. Jon Mogford is the associate vice chancellor for strategic initiatives with the Texas A&M University System. He entered this role after serving over 6 years at the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), where he was a program manager then deputy director (2010-2011) of the Defense Sciences Office (DSO). DSO’s research portfolio spans from fundamental science to applications by identifying and pursuing activity within the science and engineering research communities and transforming these ideas into new DoD capabilities in the physical sciences, training/human

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
×

effectiveness, biological warfare defense, materials, mathematics and biology. His DARPA programs included scar-free wound regeneration, metabolic control strategies for hemorrhagic shock, biomarker-responsive biomaterials for drug delivery, stem cell-based bioreactor production of universal donor red blood cells, computational design of proteins, and “wound stasis” biomaterials. Dr. Mogford obtained his bachelor’s degree in zoology from Texas A&M University and doctorate in medical physiology from the Texas A&M University Health Science Center. He continued research in vascular physiology at the University of Chicago as a postdoctoral fellow from 1997-98 then transitioned to the field of wound healing at Northwestern University both as a research associate and a research assistant professor from 1998-2003. He has authored or co-authored 29 peer-reviewed publications.

Dr. Randall S. Murch is an associate director at the Center for Technology Security and Policy and professor in practice at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, National Capital Region, Alexandria, Virginia. He is also a visiting professor, Program on Science and Security, Department of War Studies, King’s College London, UK. Dr. Murch’s first career was as a special agent to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), where he focused on counterintelligence, counterterrorism, forensic science, technology development and technical operations, and WMD terrorism. He served in the Indianapolis, Los Angeles and New York field offices, and the Laboratory, Intelligence and Technical Services Divisions. He created the FBI’s WMD forensic investigative program. The WMD forensic program has since become a national priority and has been embraced by other federal agencies. He also led forensic investigative aspects of a number of major terrorism cases, and initiated a number of new programs for both the FBI Laboratory and technical investigative program. Toward the end of his career, he was detailed from the FBI to the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA), Department of Defense, where he led advanced studies on complex current and future challenges dealing with weapons of mass destruction. Before Virginia Tech, Dr. Murch was at the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) where he led and participated in studies for the defense, intelligence and homeland security communities. He has or is serving on several National Academies and Department of Defense boards and study committees. Dr. Murch holds B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in the life sciences.

Dr. Donald Prosnitz is a senior principal researcher (adjunct) at RAND Corporation, a visiting scholar at the physics department of the University of California, Berkeley, and an independent technical consultant. His current activities include research on free-electron lasers and a range of

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
×

studies at RAND concentrating on the utilization of technology to solve national and homeland security issues. Dr. Prosnitz was previously the deputy associate director (programs) for Non-Proliferation, Homeland and International Security at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) where he was responsible for overseeing all of the directorate’s technical programs. He spent two years as an assistant professor at Yale University before joining LLNL. Over the next three decades, he conducted research on lasers, particle accelerators, high power microwaves, free electron lasers, and remote sensing, and managed the design, construction, and operation of numerous research facilities. In 1990, he was awarded the U.S. Particle Accelerator Award for Achievement in Accelerator Physics and Technology. In 1999, Dr. Prosnitz was named the first chief science and technology advisor for the Department of Justice (DOJ) by Attorney General Janet Reno. He was responsible for coordinating technology policy and technology projects among the DOJ’s component agencies and with state and local law enforcement entities. In 2002, he was named a fellow of the American Physical Society. He is a former chair of the American Physical Society Forum on Physics and Society. He recently served on the National Research Council Committee to Review the Department of Homeland Security’s Approach to Risk Analysis. Dr. Prosnitz received his B.S. from Yale University and his Ph.D. in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is a licensed amateur radio operator and an active member of his community’s CERT (Community Emergency Response Team).

Mr. Tom Slezak has been involved with bioinformatics at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) for 30 years after receiving B.S. and M.S. degrees in computer science from the University of California, Davis. Tom is currently the associate program leader for Informatics for the Global Security Program efforts at LLNL. He was involved with the Human Genome Program from 1987-2000, leading the informatics efforts at LLNL and then the DOE’s Joint Genome Institute from 1997-2000. In 2000 he began to build a pathogen bioinformatics team at LLNL pioneering a novel whole-genome analysis approach to DNA signature design. His team developed signature targets for multiple human pathogens that were used at the 2002 winter Olympic Games under the BASIS program and later adapted for use nationwide in the Department of Homeland Security BioWatch program. Tom’s team is currently focusing on signatures of mechanisms of virulence, antibiotic-resistance, and evidence of genetic engineering. They have been focusing on detecting novel, engineered, and advanced biothreats for several years, sponsored by multiple agencies. Tom has chaired or served on multiple advisory boards, including the rice genome project, mouse and maize genetics databases, spruce

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
×

tree genome project (Canada), plant pathogens, a NIAID sequencing center contract renewal, and a CDC Blue Ribbon Panel on bioinformatics. He served on the National Biosurveillance Advisory Subcommittee and on a previous National Research Council panel on select agent science.

Dr. Henry H. Willis is a professor of policy analysis at the Pardee RAND Graduate School, the acting director of the RAND Homeland Security and Defense Center, and a senior policy researcher at RAND Corporation. His research has applied risk analysis tools to the study of public policy in the areas of counterterrorism, disaster response and emergency preparedness, public health and safety, energy systems, and environmental pollution control. He is the author of dozens of publications, book chapters and op-ed pieces and has testified before Congress as an expert on applying risk analysis to terrorism security policy. Dr. Willis’ recent research has involved evaluating emergency preparedness programs like the Cities Readiness Initiative and analyzing the effectiveness of nuclear detection technologies used to improve supply chain security. He serves on the editorial board of the journal Risk Analysis. Dr. Willis earned his Ph.D. degree from the Department of Engineering and Public Policy at Carnegie Mellon University and holds degrees in chemistry and environmental studies from the University of Pennsylvania (B.A.) and in environmental science from the University of Cincinnati (M.A.).

CONSULTANTS TO THE COMMITTEE:

Dr. Patrick J. Scannon is company founder, executive vice president, chief scientific officer and a member of the board of directors for XOMA, a bio-pharmaceutical company developing novel therapeutics based on recombinant human monoclonal antibody technologies. Since 1980, Dr. Scannon has directed the company’s product identification, evaluation and clinical testing programs. As chief scientific officer, he currently heads the company’s preclinical product discovery programs in the areas of metabolic, ophthalmic, inflammatory and oncologic diseases. Dr. Scannon holds a Ph.D. in organic chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley and a medical degree from the Medical College of Georgia. A board-certified internist, he completed his medical internship and residency in internal medicine at the Letterman Army Medical Center in San Francisco, achieving the rank of major in the U.S. Army Medical Corps. Dr. Scannon is the inventor or co-inventor of several issued U.S. and international patents, and has published numerous scientific and clinical abstracts and papers. Dr. Scannon currently is a member of the National Biodefense Science Board (NBSB), a federal advisory board for the Department of Health and Human Services and a member of the Defense Sciences Research Council

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
×

(DSRC), a research board for Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). He has served as a member for the Threat Reduction Advisory Committee for the Department of Defense, chairing the ChemBiowarfare Defense Panel and also has been a participant in the Biodefense Network Assessment for the Department of Homeland Security. Dr. Scannon has served as a trustee of the University of California Berkeley Foundation and as a member of the University of California Berkeley Chancellor’s Community advisory board. He has served or is serving on the boards of several companies and institutions.

Dr. George M. Whitesides received an A.B. degree from Harvard University in 1960 and a Ph.D. from the California Institute of Technology (with J.D. Roberts) in 1964. He was a member of the faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology from 1963 to 1982. He joined the Department of Chemistry of Harvard University in 1982, and was department chairman 1986-1989, and Mallinckrodt Professor of Chemistry from 1982-2004. He is now the Woodford L. and Ann A. Flowers university professor.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
×
Page 127
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
×
Page 128
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
×
Page 129
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
×
Page 130
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
×
Page 131
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
×
Page 132
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
×
Page 133
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee Member Biographies." National Research Council. 2012. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13516.
×
Page 134
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The goal of the U.S. Department of Defense's (DoD's) Chemical and Biological Defense Program (CBDP) is to provide support and world-class capabilities enabling he U.S. Armed Forces to fight and win decisively in chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) environments. To accomplish this objective, the CBDP must maintain robust science and technology capabilities to support the research, development, testing, and evaluation required for the creation and validation of the products the program supplies.

The threat from chemical and biological attack evolves due to the changing nature of conflict and rapid advances in science and technology (S&T), so the core S&T capabilities that must be maintained by the CBDP must also continue to evolve. In order to address the challenges facing the DoD, the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (DASD) for Chemical and Biological Defense (CBD) asked the National Research Council (NRC) to conduct a study to identify the core capabilities in S&T that must be supported by the program.

The NRC Committee on Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Research and Development examined the capabilities necessary for the chemical and biological defense S&T program in the context of the threat and of the program's stated mission and priorities. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology contains the committee's findings and recommendations. It is intended to assist the DASD CBD in determining the best strategy for acquiring, developing, and/or maintaining the needed capabilities.

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