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The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary (2013)

Chapter: D: Abbreviations and Acronyms

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Suggested Citation:"D: Abbreviations and Acronyms." Institute of Medicine. 2013. The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13522.
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D

Abbreviations and Acronyms

AHRQ Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
   
BCFA branched-chain fatty acid
BMI body mass index
   
CFU colony-forming unit
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
   
DIO diet-induced obesity
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
DRI dietary reference intake
DSHEA Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act
   
EFSA European Food Safety Authority
EPAS1 endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1
EU European Union
   
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
FD&C Act Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration
2’-FL 2’-fucosyllactose
FMP fermented milk product
FSDU food for special dietary use
FSMA Food Safety Modernization Act
FTC Federal Trade Commission
   
Suggested Citation:"D: Abbreviations and Acronyms." Institute of Medicine. 2013. The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13522.
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GABA gamma-aminobutyric acid
GalOS galactooligosaccharide
GDP gross domestic product
GI gastrointestinal
GMO genetically modified organism
GRAS generally recognized as safe
GWAS genome-wide association studies
   
HMO human milk oligosaccharide
HMP Human Microbiome Project
HUMAnN HMP Unified Metabolic Analysis Network
   
IBD imflammatory bowel disease
IBS irritable bowel syndrome
ICU intensive care unit
IFIC International Food Information Council
IgA immunoglobulin A
IHMC International Human Microbiome Consortium
IL interleukin
IND Investigational New Drug
IOM Institute of Medicine
IRB institutional review board
ITC isothiocynate
   
JCVI J. Craig Venter Institute
   
LDL low-density lipoprotein
LPS lipopolysaccharide
LRH liver receptor homologue
   
MAP mitogen-activated protein
MDA multiple displacement amplification
mRNA messenger ribonucleic acid
MWAS metabolome-wide association studies
   
NDI new dietary ingredient
NDO nondigestible oligosaccharide
NEC necrotizing enterocolitis
NIH National Institutes of Health
NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
NSF National Science Foundation
   
OTU operational taxonomic unit
   
Suggested Citation:"D: Abbreviations and Acronyms." Institute of Medicine. 2013. The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13522.
×
PCR polymerase chain reaction
PDX polydextrose
PKU phenylketonuria
   
qRT quantitative real-time
   
rDNA ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid
rRNA ribosomal ribonucleic acid
RYGB Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
   
SCF soluble corn fiber
SCFA short-chain fatty acid
   
TF transcription factor
TJP1 tight junction protein 1
TLR Toll-like receptor
TNBS 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid
TNF tumor necrosis factor
   
USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture
   
WHO World Health Organization
Suggested Citation:"D: Abbreviations and Acronyms." Institute of Medicine. 2013. The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13522.
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Suggested Citation:"D: Abbreviations and Acronyms." Institute of Medicine. 2013. The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13522.
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Suggested Citation:"D: Abbreviations and Acronyms." Institute of Medicine. 2013. The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13522.
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Suggested Citation:"D: Abbreviations and Acronyms." Institute of Medicine. 2013. The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13522.
×
Page 181
Suggested Citation:"D: Abbreviations and Acronyms." Institute of Medicine. 2013. The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13522.
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Page 182
The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary Get This Book
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The Food Forum convened a public workshop on February 22-23, 2012, to explore current and emerging knowledge of the human microbiome, its role in human health, its interaction with the diet, and the translation of new research findings into tools and products that improve the nutritional quality of the food supply. The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary summarizes the presentations and discussions that took place during the workshop. Over the two day workshop, several themes covered included:

  1. The microbiome is integral to human physiology, health, and disease.
  2. The microbiome is arguably the most intimate connection that humans have with their external environment, mostly through diet.
  3. Given the emerging nature of research on the microbiome, some important methodology issues might still have to be resolved with respect to undersampling and a lack of causal and mechanistic studies.
  4. Dietary interventions intended to have an impact on host biology via their impact on the microbiome are being developed, and the market for these products is seeing tremendous success. However, the current regulatory framework poses challenges to industry interest and investment.
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