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TCRP Report 101: Toolkit for Rural Community Coordinated Transportation Services (2004)
Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP)

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Burkhardt, J E, Koffman, D, Nelson, C A, Murray, G, Transportation Research Board. "Table 10: State Coordination Activities." TCRP Report 101: Toolkit for Rural Community Coordinated Transportation Services. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2004.

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181
Front Matter (R1-R12)
ToolKit Introduction (1-7)
Section I: Basic Coordination Concepts (8-8)
Some Definitions (9-10)
The Evolution of Efforts to Coordinate Specialized Transportation Services (11-12)
Who Needs to Be Involved in Coordinated Transportation Services? (13-13)
Problems That Coordination Addresses (14-15)
Goals for Coordinated Transportation Services (16-16)
How Coordination Works (17-17)
Summary (18-18)
The Overall Benefits and Costs of Coordination (19-19)
What are the Possible Benefits of Coordination? (20-28)
How to Use Coordination's Benefits (29-29)
The Costs of Coordination (30-30)
Factors That Inhibit Coordination (31-32)
Requirements of Federal Funding Programs (33-35)
Problems with Accountability, Cost Allocation, Paperwork, and Reporting (36-36)
Operational Challenges to Coordinated Transportation (37-37)
Summary (38-38)
Section II: Implementing New Coordination Efforts (39-39)
Introduction (40-40)
Implementation Steps for Coordinated Transportation (41-69)
Summary (70-70)
Chapter 4 - Frequently Asked Questions About Coordination Efforts (71-71)
Will Coordination Save Me Money? (72-72)
What Are the Important Federal Funding Sources for Rural Transportation? (73-76)
What Funding Sources Am I Missing? (77-77)
Which Legislative Barriers Do I Need To Watch Out For? (78-79)
Where Can I Get Planning Funds? (80-80)
Some Agencies are Willing to Participate, But Others are Not. What Should We Do? (81-81)
With All the Work on Coordinated Rural Transportation Systems for Many Years, Why Isn't Coordination Easier? (82-82)
Will Coordination Require That I Give Up My Vehicles? Control Over My Funding for Transportation? The Welfare of My Clients? (83-83)
Why Have Some Coordinated Transportation Systems Failed to Succeed or Survive? (84-84)
What are the Fundamental Components of Successful Coordination? (85-86)
Summary (87-88)
Section III: Techniques For Improving Current Coordination Efforts (89-89)
High-Impact Coordination Strategies for Transportation Operators (90-94)
Lessons Learned from Successful Coordination Efforts (95-96)
Summary (97-98)
Chapter 6 - Tools For Addressing Detailed Coordination Issues (99-99)
Accounting and Financial Management (100-103)
ADA, Section 504, and Coordinated Rural Transportation Services (104-108)
Budgeting (109-118)
Consensus Building and Setting Goals and Objectives (119-122)
Involving Stakeholders (123-127)
Marketing and Public Information (128-133)
Monitoring and Evaluation (134-140)
Needs Assessment (141-145)
Organization of the Planning Process (146-149)
Organizational Framework for Coordination (150-153)
Strategic Direction Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (154-157)
Technology (158-168)
Vehicle Fleet Status and Evaluation (169-170)
Volunteers (171-177)
Summary (178-178)
Section IV: Casebook Of State and Local Coordination Models (179-179)
The National Coordination Picture (180-181)
Elements of Successful Coordination Efforts (182-187)
Common Problems and Solutions (188-189)
Statewide Coordination Profiles (190-207)
Summary (208-209)
Methodology (210-210)
Benefits of Coordinated Rural Transportation Services (211-212)
Challenges and Opportunities (213-214)
Recommendations for Success (215-220)
Case Studies of Local Coordination Efforts (221-317)
Summary (318-319)
Bibliography (320-322)
List of Abbreviations (323-323)
Glossary of Technical Terms (324-335)
Contact List For Case Study Systems (336-337)
Appendix A: Stakeholder Interview Guide (338-340)
Appendix B: Survey of County Transportation Services (341-345)
Appendix C: Sample Transportation System Survey Forms (346-364)
Appendix D: Identifying Best Practice Systems (365-366)
Appendix E: Coordination Workshop Facilitation Guides (367-370)
Appendix F: Detailed Operating Cost Categories for Coordinated Transportation Systems (371-375)
Appendix G: Examples of Various Interagency Agreements to Enhance Coordination (376-409)
Appendix H: Sample Transportation Coordination Plan Report (410-414)
Appendix I: Example of State Legislation Creating Statewide Coordinating Council (415-2)
Table 1: Primary Audiences for Sections of this Toolkit (3-23)
Table 2: Potential Coordinated Transportation Benefits: System Characteristics (Inputs) (24-24)
Table 4: Potential Coordinated Transportation Benefits: Service Attribute Assessments (25-25)
Table 5: Potential Coordinated Transportation Benefits: Users' Overall Service Assessments (26-26)
Table 6: How to Generate Provider/Program Cost Savings (27-93)
Table 7: Strategic Approaches to Coordination (94-135)
Table 8: Potential Coordinated Transportation Benefits (136-160)
Table 9: Potential Connections Between Technologies and Productivity and Efficiency (161-180)
Table 10: State Coordination Activities (181-182)
Table 11: How Coordination Activities Have Been Implemented (183-229)
Table 12: Operating Statistics for Huron County Transit (230-267)
Table 13: Operating Funds for the Link (FY2000-2001) (268-268)
Table 14: Transportation Network Driver Hours (269-302)
Table 15: South Central Transit's Fare Structure (303-229)
Figure 1: Huron County Transit Funding Sources (230-230)
Figure 2: Huron County Transit's Ridership Increase (231-421)
Abbreviations used without definitions in TRB publications (422-422)

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OCR for page 181
Table 10: STATE COORDINATION ACTIVITIES Adopted Statewide Encourage Involved w/ Passed Coordinating Regular Coordination Medicaid State Coordination? Coordination? Legislation? Council/Board? Meetings? Plan? Brokerage? ALABAMA ALASKA ARIZONA ARKANSAS CALIFORNIA COLORADO CONNECTICUT DELAWARE FLORIDA GEORGIA HAWAII IDAHO ILLINOIS INDIANA IOWA KANSAS KENTUCKY LOUISIANA MAINE MARYLAND MASSACHUSETTS MICHIGAN MINNESOTA MISSISSIPPI MISSOURI MONTANA NEBRASKA NEVADA NEW HAMPSHIRE NEW JERSEY NEW MEXICO NEW YORK NORTH CAROLINA NORTH DAKOTA OHIO OKLAHOMA OREGON PENNSYLVANIA RHODE ISLAND SOUTH CAROLINA SOUTH DAKOTA TENNESSEE TEXAS UTAH VERMONT VIRGINIA WASHINGTON WEST VIRGINIA WISCONSIN WYOMING % Responding Yes 100% 90% 38% 46% 40% 22% 18% Every state responded to the research team's questionnaire 188 Casebook of State and Local Coordination Models SECTION IV

OCR for page 182
Table 10 shows state coordination activities for all 50 states. The table shows that most states encourage coordination and are actively involved in some aspect of the process. Kentucky, Rhode Island, and Vermont are notable for being involved in all aspects of coordination. Coordination activities have been implemented in various ways across the various states. Three main techniques are by legislation, by executive order, or through less formal agreements, committees, or working groups. Table 11 shows the primary coordination mechanism for various states and the Federal Coordinating Council on Access and Mobility. As shown in the table, interagency agreements and other informal arrangements are the most frequent institutional tools for coordination, followed closely by coordination legislation; executive orders are relatively rare. ELEMENTS OF SUCCESSFUL COORDINATION EFFORTS Several common Several common elements of success emerged from examining the results of the national survey and the practices of the most successful elements . . . have states. These ideas/actions/items have proven to be effective and proven to be essential essential components of the coordination process and could be applied components of the to coordination efforts in other states. coordination process . . . Chapter 7 Model Processes for Statewide Coordination 189