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TCRP Report 101: Toolkit for Rural Community Coordinated Transportation Services (2004)
Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP)

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Burkhardt, J E, Koffman, D, Nelson, C A, Murray, G, Transportation Research Board. "Figure 1: Huron County Transit Funding Sources." TCRP Report 101: Toolkit for Rural Community Coordinated Transportation Services. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2004.

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Page
230
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Page
230
Front Matter (R1-R12)
ToolKit Introduction (1-7)
Section I: Basic Coordination Concepts (8-8)
Some Definitions (9-10)
The Evolution of Efforts to Coordinate Specialized Transportation Services (11-12)
Who Needs to Be Involved in Coordinated Transportation Services? (13-13)
Problems That Coordination Addresses (14-15)
Goals for Coordinated Transportation Services (16-16)
How Coordination Works (17-17)
Summary (18-18)
The Overall Benefits and Costs of Coordination (19-19)
What are the Possible Benefits of Coordination? (20-28)
How to Use Coordination's Benefits (29-29)
The Costs of Coordination (30-30)
Factors That Inhibit Coordination (31-32)
Requirements of Federal Funding Programs (33-35)
Problems with Accountability, Cost Allocation, Paperwork, and Reporting (36-36)
Operational Challenges to Coordinated Transportation (37-37)
Summary (38-38)
Section II: Implementing New Coordination Efforts (39-39)
Introduction (40-40)
Implementation Steps for Coordinated Transportation (41-69)
Summary (70-70)
Chapter 4 - Frequently Asked Questions About Coordination Efforts (71-71)
Will Coordination Save Me Money? (72-72)
What Are the Important Federal Funding Sources for Rural Transportation? (73-76)
What Funding Sources Am I Missing? (77-77)
Which Legislative Barriers Do I Need To Watch Out For? (78-79)
Where Can I Get Planning Funds? (80-80)
Some Agencies are Willing to Participate, But Others are Not. What Should We Do? (81-81)
With All the Work on Coordinated Rural Transportation Systems for Many Years, Why Isn't Coordination Easier? (82-82)
Will Coordination Require That I Give Up My Vehicles? Control Over My Funding for Transportation? The Welfare of My Clients? (83-83)
Why Have Some Coordinated Transportation Systems Failed to Succeed or Survive? (84-84)
What are the Fundamental Components of Successful Coordination? (85-86)
Summary (87-88)
Section III: Techniques For Improving Current Coordination Efforts (89-89)
High-Impact Coordination Strategies for Transportation Operators (90-94)
Lessons Learned from Successful Coordination Efforts (95-96)
Summary (97-98)
Chapter 6 - Tools For Addressing Detailed Coordination Issues (99-99)
Accounting and Financial Management (100-103)
ADA, Section 504, and Coordinated Rural Transportation Services (104-108)
Budgeting (109-118)
Consensus Building and Setting Goals and Objectives (119-122)
Involving Stakeholders (123-127)
Marketing and Public Information (128-133)
Monitoring and Evaluation (134-140)
Needs Assessment (141-145)
Organization of the Planning Process (146-149)
Organizational Framework for Coordination (150-153)
Strategic Direction Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (154-157)
Technology (158-168)
Vehicle Fleet Status and Evaluation (169-170)
Volunteers (171-177)
Summary (178-178)
Section IV: Casebook Of State and Local Coordination Models (179-179)
The National Coordination Picture (180-181)
Elements of Successful Coordination Efforts (182-187)
Common Problems and Solutions (188-189)
Statewide Coordination Profiles (190-207)
Summary (208-209)
Methodology (210-210)
Benefits of Coordinated Rural Transportation Services (211-212)
Challenges and Opportunities (213-214)
Recommendations for Success (215-220)
Case Studies of Local Coordination Efforts (221-317)
Summary (318-319)
Bibliography (320-322)
List of Abbreviations (323-323)
Glossary of Technical Terms (324-335)
Contact List For Case Study Systems (336-337)
Appendix A: Stakeholder Interview Guide (338-340)
Appendix B: Survey of County Transportation Services (341-345)
Appendix C: Sample Transportation System Survey Forms (346-364)
Appendix D: Identifying Best Practice Systems (365-366)
Appendix E: Coordination Workshop Facilitation Guides (367-370)
Appendix F: Detailed Operating Cost Categories for Coordinated Transportation Systems (371-375)
Appendix G: Examples of Various Interagency Agreements to Enhance Coordination (376-409)
Appendix H: Sample Transportation Coordination Plan Report (410-414)
Appendix I: Example of State Legislation Creating Statewide Coordinating Council (415-2)
Table 1: Primary Audiences for Sections of this Toolkit (3-23)
Table 2: Potential Coordinated Transportation Benefits: System Characteristics (Inputs) (24-24)
Table 4: Potential Coordinated Transportation Benefits: Service Attribute Assessments (25-25)
Table 5: Potential Coordinated Transportation Benefits: Users' Overall Service Assessments (26-26)
Table 6: How to Generate Provider/Program Cost Savings (27-93)
Table 7: Strategic Approaches to Coordination (94-135)
Table 8: Potential Coordinated Transportation Benefits (136-160)
Table 9: Potential Connections Between Technologies and Productivity and Efficiency (161-180)
Table 10: State Coordination Activities (181-182)
Table 11: How Coordination Activities Have Been Implemented (183-229)
Table 12: Operating Statistics for Huron County Transit (230-267)
Table 13: Operating Funds for the Link (FY2000-2001) (268-268)
Table 14: Transportation Network Driver Hours (269-302)
Table 15: South Central Transit's Fare Structure (303-229)
Figure 1: Huron County Transit Funding Sources (230-230)
Figure 2: Huron County Transit's Ridership Increase (231-421)
Abbreviations used without definitions in TRB publications (422-422)

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Table 12: Operating Statistics for Huron County Transit Operating Expenses* Operating Funds Performance Measures Total operating costs $122,314 Federal assistance 0 Operating Recovery Ratio 49% Total administration $76,828 State assistance $101,712 Operating Expense/Vehicle costs Mile Total system costs $199,142 State E&D 0 $0.99 assistance Local assistance $37,468 Operating Expense/Trip $13.49 Passenger fares $12,954 Passenger Trips/Vehicle Mile Contract fares $47,010 $0.08 Other revenues 0 Total revenues $199,144 * 2001 estimate Figure 1: Huron County Transit Funding Sources Passenger Contract Contract Fares Fares Fares Local State Assistance 7% 24% Assistance 19% Local Assistance Passenger Fares State Assistance 50% Transportation is coordinated among 15 agencies in Huron County and 3 agencies in Erie County. Huron County Transit and Sandusky Transit have coordinated a scheduled transfer between the two systems through service in the U.S. 250 corridor. Scheduling and dispatching is done by Huron County Transit. The primary coordination takes place between the counties. They are looking into establishing a call system and implementing a computer software program to do scheduling. Huron County Transit has contracts for service with 10 agencies, including county Departments of Job and Family Services, Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities (MRDD), and Health, as well as the Erie County Senior Center and Sandusky Transit. All vehicles are shared and covered under county insurance. Contracts and memoranda of understanding have been executed with another 19 agencies to provide transportation. Purchase orders for transportation service are accepted from those who do not have contracts. Through this coordination of service, clients from different agencies, supported by various funding sources, are transported on the same vehicle. The Huron County Transit Board participates with neighboring counties to offer "World Link" service. Passengers transfer to Lorain County transportation service for $3 and are able to travel to Cleveland Hopkins Airport and thus "link to the world." Chapter 8 Successful, Insightful, Coordinated Transportation Services in Rural Communities 237