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TCRP Report 101: Toolkit for Rural Community Coordinated Transportation Services (2004)
Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP)

Citation Manager

Burkhardt, J E, Koffman, D, Nelson, C A, Murray, G, Transportation Research Board. "Table 2: Potential Coordinated Transportation Benefits: System Characteristics (Inputs)." TCRP Report 101: Toolkit for Rural Community Coordinated Transportation Services. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2004.

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Page
24
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Page
24
Front Matter (R1-R12)
ToolKit Introduction (1-7)
Section I: Basic Coordination Concepts (8-8)
Some Definitions (9-10)
The Evolution of Efforts to Coordinate Specialized Transportation Services (11-12)
Who Needs to Be Involved in Coordinated Transportation Services? (13-13)
Problems That Coordination Addresses (14-15)
Goals for Coordinated Transportation Services (16-16)
How Coordination Works (17-17)
Summary (18-18)
The Overall Benefits and Costs of Coordination (19-19)
What are the Possible Benefits of Coordination? (20-28)
How to Use Coordination's Benefits (29-29)
The Costs of Coordination (30-30)
Factors That Inhibit Coordination (31-32)
Requirements of Federal Funding Programs (33-35)
Problems with Accountability, Cost Allocation, Paperwork, and Reporting (36-36)
Operational Challenges to Coordinated Transportation (37-37)
Summary (38-38)
Section II: Implementing New Coordination Efforts (39-39)
Introduction (40-40)
Implementation Steps for Coordinated Transportation (41-69)
Summary (70-70)
Chapter 4 - Frequently Asked Questions About Coordination Efforts (71-71)
Will Coordination Save Me Money? (72-72)
What Are the Important Federal Funding Sources for Rural Transportation? (73-76)
What Funding Sources Am I Missing? (77-77)
Which Legislative Barriers Do I Need To Watch Out For? (78-79)
Where Can I Get Planning Funds? (80-80)
Some Agencies are Willing to Participate, But Others are Not. What Should We Do? (81-81)
With All the Work on Coordinated Rural Transportation Systems for Many Years, Why Isn't Coordination Easier? (82-82)
Will Coordination Require That I Give Up My Vehicles? Control Over My Funding for Transportation? The Welfare of My Clients? (83-83)
Why Have Some Coordinated Transportation Systems Failed to Succeed or Survive? (84-84)
What are the Fundamental Components of Successful Coordination? (85-86)
Summary (87-88)
Section III: Techniques For Improving Current Coordination Efforts (89-89)
High-Impact Coordination Strategies for Transportation Operators (90-94)
Lessons Learned from Successful Coordination Efforts (95-96)
Summary (97-98)
Chapter 6 - Tools For Addressing Detailed Coordination Issues (99-99)
Accounting and Financial Management (100-103)
ADA, Section 504, and Coordinated Rural Transportation Services (104-108)
Budgeting (109-118)
Consensus Building and Setting Goals and Objectives (119-122)
Involving Stakeholders (123-127)
Marketing and Public Information (128-133)
Monitoring and Evaluation (134-140)
Needs Assessment (141-145)
Organization of the Planning Process (146-149)
Organizational Framework for Coordination (150-153)
Strategic Direction Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (154-157)
Technology (158-168)
Vehicle Fleet Status and Evaluation (169-170)
Volunteers (171-177)
Summary (178-178)
Section IV: Casebook Of State and Local Coordination Models (179-179)
The National Coordination Picture (180-181)
Elements of Successful Coordination Efforts (182-187)
Common Problems and Solutions (188-189)
Statewide Coordination Profiles (190-207)
Summary (208-209)
Methodology (210-210)
Benefits of Coordinated Rural Transportation Services (211-212)
Challenges and Opportunities (213-214)
Recommendations for Success (215-220)
Case Studies of Local Coordination Efforts (221-317)
Summary (318-319)
Bibliography (320-322)
List of Abbreviations (323-323)
Glossary of Technical Terms (324-335)
Contact List For Case Study Systems (336-337)
Appendix A: Stakeholder Interview Guide (338-340)
Appendix B: Survey of County Transportation Services (341-345)
Appendix C: Sample Transportation System Survey Forms (346-364)
Appendix D: Identifying Best Practice Systems (365-366)
Appendix E: Coordination Workshop Facilitation Guides (367-370)
Appendix F: Detailed Operating Cost Categories for Coordinated Transportation Systems (371-375)
Appendix G: Examples of Various Interagency Agreements to Enhance Coordination (376-409)
Appendix H: Sample Transportation Coordination Plan Report (410-414)
Appendix I: Example of State Legislation Creating Statewide Coordinating Council (415-2)
Table 1: Primary Audiences for Sections of this Toolkit (3-23)
Table 2: Potential Coordinated Transportation Benefits: System Characteristics (Inputs) (24-24)
Table 4: Potential Coordinated Transportation Benefits: Service Attribute Assessments (25-25)
Table 5: Potential Coordinated Transportation Benefits: Users' Overall Service Assessments (26-26)
Table 6: How to Generate Provider/Program Cost Savings (27-93)
Table 7: Strategic Approaches to Coordination (94-135)
Table 8: Potential Coordinated Transportation Benefits (136-160)
Table 9: Potential Connections Between Technologies and Productivity and Efficiency (161-180)
Table 10: State Coordination Activities (181-182)
Table 11: How Coordination Activities Have Been Implemented (183-229)
Table 12: Operating Statistics for Huron County Transit (230-267)
Table 13: Operating Funds for the Link (FY2000-2001) (268-268)
Table 14: Transportation Network Driver Hours (269-302)
Table 15: South Central Transit's Fare Structure (303-229)
Figure 1: Huron County Transit Funding Sources (230-230)
Figure 2: Huron County Transit's Ridership Increase (231-421)
Abbreviations used without definitions in TRB publications (422-422)

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Table 2: POTENTIAL COORDINATED TRANSPORTATION BENEFITS: SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS (INPUTS) Desired or Factor Expected Change System Characteristics (Inputs) Number of transportation providers Lower Number of agencies purchasing transportation Higher Number of vehicles Lower Number of drivers Lower Part-time/full-time driver ratio Lower Average hourly driver wage Higher Total driver wages Lower Level and quality of driver training Higher Hours when service is provided each day Expanded Days when service is provided each week Expanded Vehicle hours of service May be lower Vehicle miles of service May be lower Total service area Expanded Number of persons who can get services Expanded Joint purchasing More frequent Joint dispatching of agency-owned vehicles More frequent Centralized oversight and management More frequent Level of route duplication Lower Number of funding sources Higher Total transportation funding Higher One central community information source More frequent Segregated client types Less frequent Limited trip purposes Less frequent Community-wide transportation perspective More frequent Time spent in meetings Higher Level of planning processes Higher 26 Basic Coordination Concepts SECTION I