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Identification of Research Needs Related to Highway Runoff Management (2004)

Chapter: Appendix A - State Department of Transportation Survey and Ranking of Research Preferences

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A - State Department of Transportation Survey and Ranking of Research Preferences." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Identification of Research Needs Related to Highway Runoff Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13791.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A - State Department of Transportation Survey and Ranking of Research Preferences." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Identification of Research Needs Related to Highway Runoff Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13791.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A - State Department of Transportation Survey and Ranking of Research Preferences." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Identification of Research Needs Related to Highway Runoff Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13791.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A - State Department of Transportation Survey and Ranking of Research Preferences." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Identification of Research Needs Related to Highway Runoff Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13791.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A - State Department of Transportation Survey and Ranking of Research Preferences." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Identification of Research Needs Related to Highway Runoff Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13791.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A - State Department of Transportation Survey and Ranking of Research Preferences." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Identification of Research Needs Related to Highway Runoff Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13791.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A - State Department of Transportation Survey and Ranking of Research Preferences." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Identification of Research Needs Related to Highway Runoff Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13791.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A - State Department of Transportation Survey and Ranking of Research Preferences." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Identification of Research Needs Related to Highway Runoff Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13791.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A - State Department of Transportation Survey and Ranking of Research Preferences." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Identification of Research Needs Related to Highway Runoff Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13791.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A - State Department of Transportation Survey and Ranking of Research Preferences." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Identification of Research Needs Related to Highway Runoff Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13791.
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A-1 APPENDIX A STATE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SURVEY AND RANKING OF RESEARCH PREFERENCES DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT, RESEARCH, AND RESEARCH NEEDS SURVEY This survey, conducted by phone and online, combined two state-initiated efforts in process at the time and NCHRP 25-20(02) on water quality research and research needs. Department of Transportation (DOT) Research Directors con- tacted separately were asked to send water quality research performed or funded by their state DOT and to provide elec- tronic copies or online links if available. Venner Consulting combined the existing data, assisted the Virginia Transportation Research Center (VTRC) in com- pleting their survey effort, and focused on reaching all 50 state DOTs for participation in Sections 2 through 8. These sections provide information most directly pertinent to NCHRP 25-20(02). At the same time, information was pre- sented on the current state of knowledge about practice in each individual state to update and further complete this information. A large number of states contributed information in these other sections, facilitating related research efforts at VTRC and pro- viding a basis for further research and information sharing per- taining to water quality best practices. Manuals and Design Guidelines for Stormwater Management at DOT Facilities (1.1) Do you have a Highway Runoff Manual? (1.2) If so, please provide the web link or contact infor- mation for obtaining copies the Manual. (1.3) Year updated: 1990–2003 (1.4) Has your DOT developed a set of design guidelines or protocols for stormwater management at non- highway DOT facilities? (1.5) If so, please provide the web link or contact infor- mation for obtaining copies of such studies and/or reports. (1.6) Year updated: 1990–2003 (1.7) Has your DOT developed a set of design guidelines or protocols for stormwater management during construction? (1.8) If so, please provide the web link or contact infor- mation for obtaining copies of such studies and reports. (1.9) Year updated: 1990–2003 Design Criteria (1.10) What are your currently unaddressed needs in this area? (1.11) If your agency has not developed such guidelines, who or what agency decides the design criteria to be used? (1.12) Does your agency have any other manuals or resources that could be shared with other state DOTs? (1.13) Comments Research on Stormwater Impacts on Receiving Waters (2.1) Has your agency performed any research on storm- water impacts on receiving waters? (2.2) If so, please provide the web link or contact infor- mation for obtaining copies of such studies and reports. (2.3) What are your most important unaddressed research needs in this area that would increase your ability to improve water quality? Please express the priority your DOT would place on research in assessing stormwater impacts on receiving waters, and resultant decision-making related to storm- water management from 1 (low interest or priority) to 3 (high priority). (2.4) Chemical, toxicity (level and causes), and physi- cal (habitat) impacts to aquatic biota of storm- water discharges (2.5) Role of total suspended solids and dissolved organic carbon in controlling concentrations of dissolved metals in stormwater runoff (2.6) Herbicide runoff characterization (concentrations, transport and fate, impacts to aquatic biota) (2.7) Water quality problems due to urbanization and heavy metal concentrations in relation to or pro- jected from Total Connected Impervious Area in the watershed (2.8) Threshold traffic densities below which certain pol- lutants in highway runoff can be considered negligi- ble or irreducible and can be dispersed on roadsides (2.9) Methodologies to determine where flow controls on runoff volumes and high flow durations are

appropriate to prevent streambank erosion in ultra- urban areas (2.10) Ability of watershed or regionally based enhance- ments of wet weather storage capacity to improve baseline (high and low flow) hydrology and ecolog- ical productivity downstream (2.11) Characterization on a watershed basis: availabil- ity or prioritization, or both, of sites for constructed wetlands (2.12) Contribution of highway runoff to watershed load- ings (2.13) Receiving water temperature change reduction (2.14) Other (2.15) Suggested research needs related to impacts on receiving waters Research on Stormwater Management Effectiveness (3.1) Has your DOT conducted any studies or prepared reports that evaluate the effectiveness, efficiency, or performance of source control or treatment con- trol stormwater management measures at DOT facilities? (3.2) If so, please provide the web link or contact infor- mation for obtaining copies of such studies and/or reports. (3.3) What are your most important unaddressed research needs in this area that would increase your ability to improve water quality? Research on Stormwater Management Maintenance (4.1) Has your DOT conducted any studies or prepared reports on the maintenance aspects of stormwater management measures at DOT facilities? (4.2) If so, please provide the web link or contact infor- mation for obtaining copies of such studies and reports. (4.3) What are your most important unaddressed research needs in this area that would increase your ability to improve water quality? Research on Stormwater Management Retrofitting (5.1) Has your DOT conducted any studies or prepared reports on the retrofitting of existing stormwater management measures at DOT facilities? (5.2) If so, please provide the web link or contact infor- mation for obtaining copies of such studies and reports. A-2 (5.3) What are your most important unaddressed research needs in this area that would increase your ability to improve water quality? Research on Stormwater Efficiency during Construction (6.1) Has your DOT conducted any studies or prepared reports on the design or efficiency of stormwater management measures during construction? (6.2) If so, please provide the web link or contact infor- mation for obtaining copies of such studies and reports. (6.3) What are your most important unaddressed research needs in this area that would increase your ability to improve water quality? Research on Stormwater Maintenance during Construction (7.1) Has your DOT conducted any studies or prepared reports on the maintenance aspects of stormwater management measures during construction? (7.2) If so, please provide the web link or contact infor- mation for obtaining copies of such studies and reports. (7.3) What are your most important unaddressed research needs in this area, which would increase your abil- ity to improve water quality? Please express the priority your DOT would place on research in the following areas from 1 (low interest or priority) to 3 (high priority). (8.1) Technical feasibility of BMPs (8.2) Construction costs of BMPs (8.3) Construction BMP efficiencies (8.4) Operations and maintenance costs of BMPs (8.5) Valid monitoring methods (8.6) Compliance with numeric water quality standards (8.7) Methodology to quantify BMP benefits and costs (8.8) Development of small footprint BMPs (8.9) Performance of BMP retrofits/effectiveness (remov- ing constituents of concern, hydraulic performance, export of elements to receiving waters) (8.10) Effectiveness of combinations of sedimentation, filtration, and chemical addition for stormwater BMP construction and retrofit projects (8.11) Selection of treatment BMPs and documentation of process (8.12) Design and maintenance of BMPs to reduce mos- quito and other vermin populations

(8.13) Design and maintenance of BMPs to reduce con- flicts with endangered and threatened species. (8.14) Viral pathogen indicators and treatment (8.15) Detention basin design optimization (8.16) Bypass detention basin design and effectiveness (8.17) Gross solid removal device design and performance (8.18) Physics and chemistry of BMP design (8.19) Practical and effective ways to improve dissolved metal removal in current treatment systems (8.20) Infiltration guidance to prevent groundwater con- tamination (8.21) Toxicity controls (8.22) BMP benefits and constraints in highly urbanized corridors (8.23) Best methods for improving stream ecology through water quality BMPs, alternatives to regulating run- off in urban areas (8.24) Demonstrating the costs and benefits of alternative/ offsite/watershed-based stormwater mitigation (8.25) Applicability and effectiveness of particular Low Impact Design (LID) methods in linear corridors/ for transportation (8.26) LID modeling and design so that end-of-pipe con- trol systems can be accurately sized (8.27) New erosion control technology evaluation (8.28) Temporary non-vegetative soil stabilization eval- uation (8.29) Performance of non-vegetative permanent soil sta- bilizers for reducing erosion and potential impacts of products on stormwater quality (8.30) Vegetation establishment (8.31) Guidance for seed mixes and effective establish- ment and maintenance of erosion control vege- tation for short-term first growth and long-term establishment. (8.32) Arid region erosion control (8.33) Soil evaluation process for slope vegetation (8.34) Deicing agent selection criteria (8.35) Traction sand removal BMPs for snow areas (8.36) Other Innovative Stormwater Management Practices Does your DOT employ innovative stormwater man- agement techniques and technologies at DOT facilities? Please check all that apply: (9.1) Water Quality Inlets (9.2) Constructed Wetlands (9.3) Grassed/Vegetated Swales and Buffer Strips (9.4) Wet Ponds (9.5) Dry Ponds (9.6) Wet Vaults/Tanks A-3 (9.7) Dry Vaults/Tanks (9.8) Porous/Permeable Pavement Designs (9.9) Oil and Water Separators (9.10) Silt Fences (9.11) Infiltration Basin/Trench (9.12) Sand Filter (9.13) Low Impact Design (LID) (9.14) Hydrodynamic Ultra-Urban BMPs (9.15) Filtration Ultra-Urban BMPs (e.g., StormFilter Compost/Peat Filter; Storm Treat System; Austin, Texas, System) (9.16) Natural Stream Channel Design and Stabilization (Including Bioengineering) (9.17) Herbicide Alternatives for Roadside Vegetation Maintenance (9.18) Trash (9.19) Dry Weather Diversion (9.20) Flocculating Agents (9.21) Other Stormwater Management Regulatory Compliance (10.1) Is there a state stormwater management regu- lation in effect in your state which affects DOT projects? (10.2) If so, please provide the web link or contact infor- mation for obtaining copies of the regulation. What stormwater permitting requirements apply? (10.3) NPDES: What stormwater permitting requirements apply? (10.4) Construction: What stormwater permitting require- ments apply? (10.5) UIC: What stormwater permitting requirements apply? (10.6) What other stormwater permitting requirements apply? (10.7) Does your DOT assist municipalities in develop- ing permits and complying with Phase II storm- water permits? (10.8) If so, in what way? Has your state completed an outfall inventory? (11.1) In Phase I MS4 regulated areas? (11.2) In Phase II MS4 regulated areas? (11.3) MS4 areas plus other priority areas (e.g. near impaired/TMDL waters)? (11.4) Statewide (11.5) Comment

Stormwater quality practices that you use: (12.1) Temporary Erosion Soil Control (TESC) (12.2) Describe (12.3) Permanent stormwater facility (12.4) Describe (12.5) Stormwater retrofit (12.6) Stormwater monitoring (12.7) Water quality BMPs in operations and main- tenance Alternative Mitigation (13.1) Have you developed research or resources in the area of programmatic or other alternatives to project- specific mitigation, including means for establishing critical needs and priority mitigation projects on a watershed scale? (13.2) If so, please provide the web link or contact infor- mation for obtaining copies of such studies and reports. (13.3) What are your most important unaddressed research needs in this area that would increase your ability to improve water quality? Alternative Mitigation/Stormwater Management Flexibility (14.1) Onsite mitigation (14.2) Offsite (within sub-basin) (14.3) Offsite (within larger watershed) (14.4) Alternative mitigation A-4 (14.5) Stormwater banking (14.6) Cross-category trading Water Control Requirements (15.1) Is your agency subject to water quality control requirements such as inches retained, detention times, buffer zones, etc? (15.2) If yes, please describe these requirements. (15.3) Is your agency subject to water quality requirements on additional flow beyond those in the previous question (such as additional requirements for treat- ment after detaining the first inch of runoff)? (15.4) If yes, please provide details. (15.5) What agency or permit dictates this requirement? (15.6) Other comments or issues related to control require- ments. Rapid Aquatic Toxicity or Ecologic Impact Assessment (16.1) Have you developed or are you using rapid aquatic toxicity or ecologic impact assessment of untreated highway runoff (hot spots) by using highway/ receiving water/land use characteristics rather than through direct testing? (16.2) If yes, please describe. Are there any other issues or comments that you would like to include? If so, please include them below. (17.1) Notes.

A-5 TABLE A-1 Research areas ranked according to priority by state DOTs Research Area High Priority (3) Mid-level Priority (2) Low Priority (1) WEIGHT 4 2 -1 1 Operations and maintenance costs of BMPs 36 10 4 160 2 Construction BMP efficiencies 37 8 5 159 3 Technical feasibility of BMPs 30 14 6 142 4 Methodology to quantify BMP benefits and costs 27 17 6 136 5 Construction costs of BMPs 29 12 9 131 6 New erosion control technology evaluation 28 13 9 129 7 Threshold traffic densities below which certain pollutants in highway runoff can be considered negligible or irreducible and can be dispersed on roadsides 26 15 8 126 8 Contribution of highway runoff to watershed loadings 26 12 11 117 9 Development of small footprint BMPs 22 18 10 114 10 Performance of nonvegetative permanent soil stabilizers for reducing erosion and potential impacts of products on stormwater quality 23 15 11 111 11 Applicability and effectiveness of particular low impact development (LID) design methods in linear corridors/for transportation 19 19 9 105 12 Temporary nonvegetation soil stabilization evaluation 23 13 14 104 13 Valid monitoring methods 23 12 14 102 14 Demonstrating the costs and benefits of alternative/offsite/watershed-based stormwater mitigation 17 21 9 101 15 Performance of BMP retrofits/effectiveness (removing constituents of concerns, hydraulic performance, export of elements to receiving waters) 21 14 15 97 SC O R E R A N K Research Areas Ranked in Priority by State DOTs 16 Best methods for improving stream ecology through water quality BMPs---alternatives to regulating runoff in urban areas 18 18 12 96 17 Vegetation establishment 20 15 15 95 18 BMP benefits and constraints in highly urbanized corridors 17 19 12 94 19 Selection of treatment BMPs and documentation of process 18 18 14 94 20 Detention basin design optimization 16 20 14 90 21 Effectiveness of combination of sedimentation, filtration, and chemical addition for stormwater BMP construction and retrofit projects 17 18 15 89 22 Guidance for seed mixes and effective establishment and maintenance of erosion control vegetation for short-term first growth and long-term establishment 20 13 17 89 23 Infiltration guidance to prevent groundwater contamination 18 15 16 86 (continued on next page)

A-6 TABLE A-1 (Continued) Research Area High Priority (3) Mid-level Priority (2) Low Priority (1) WEIGHT 4 2 -1 SC O R E R A N K Research Areas Ranked in Priority by State DOTs 25 Design and maintenance of BMPs to reduce conflicts with endangered and threatened species 17 15 18 80 26 Characterization on a watershed basis and the availability/prioritization of sites for constructed wetlands 14 19 14 80 27 Chemical, toxicity and physical impacts to aquatic biota of stormwater discharges 16 16 17 79 28 Role of total suspended solids and dissolved organic carbon in controlling dissolved metal concentration 14 15 11 75 29 Soil evaluation process for slope vegetation 13 20 17 75 30 Bypass detention basin design and effectiveness 13 19 17 73 31 LID modeling and design so that end-of-pipe control systems can be accurately sized 13 18 16 72 32 The ability of watershed or regionally based enhancements of wet weather storage capacity to improve baseline (high and low flow) hydrology and ecological productivity 13 18 18 70 33 Compliance with numerical water quality standards 14 15 21 65 34 Design and maintenance of BMPs to reduce mosquito and other vermin populations 15 12 23 61 35 Deicing agent selection criteria 14 13 23 59 36 Gross solid removal device design and performance 12 15 23 55 37 Water quality problems due to urbanization and heavy metal concentration in relation to or projected from total connected impervious area in the watershed 8 21 20 54 38 Practical and effective ways to improve dissolved metal removal in current treatment systems 9 19 22 52 39 Traction and removal BMPs for snow areas 12 12 26 46 40 Toxicity controls 7 20 22 46 41 Receiving water temperature change reduction 5 19 25 33 42 Herbicide runoff characterization 5 17 27 27 43 Physics and chemistry of BMP design 5 15 29 21 44 Arid region erosion control 10 5 34 16 45 Viral pathogen indicators and treatment 4 10 34 2 24 Methodologies to determine where flow control of runoff volumes and high flow durations are appropriate to prevent stream bank erosion in ultra-urban areas 14 21 12 86

A-7 TABLE A-2 Potential pooled-fund research opportunities—states ranking each research area as a high or moderate-level priority POTENTIAL POOLED-FUND RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES RESEARCH AREA STATE DOTs with HIGH INTEREST STATE DOTs with MODERATE INTEREST Chemical, toxicity (level and causes), and physical (habitat) impacts to aquatic biota of stormwater discharges AL, AR, CA, GA, IA, KY, MD, NC, NH, NV, OK, RI, SC, VA, VT, WA, WY Role of total suspended solids and dissolved organic carbon in controlling concentrations of dissolved metals in stormwater runoff AL, CA, ID, KS, MA, MO, MI, NM, MT, NH, NV, OK, TX, VA, WA, WV Water quality problems due to urbanization and heavy metal concentrations in relation to/projected from total connected impervious area in the watershed AK, AL, AR, CA, CO, CT, GA, HI, IL, LA, MI, MN, MO, MT, NC, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, TN, WI Threshold traffic densities below which certain pollutants in highway runoff can be considered negligible or irreducible and can be dispersed on roadsides AL, CA, IA, KS, LA, MA, MD, NE, NH, OK, PA, RI, WI, WV Methodologies to determine where flow controls on runoff volumes and high flow durations are appropriate to prevent streambank erosion in ultra- urban areas AK, AL, CA, CO, DE, HI, ID, IL, IN, KY, MI, MT, NJ, NM, NV, OK, OR, RI, TX, UT, WI Ability of watershed or regionally based enhancements of wet weather storage capacity to improve baseline (high and low flow) hydrology and ecological productivity downstream AK, AZ, CO, CT, DE, FL, HI, IN, MI, MO, NY, OH, OR, SD, TN, UT AK, CO, CT, DE, FL, HI, IN, ME, NY, OH, RI, SC, UT, VT, WI FL, ID, KY, SC, UT, VA, WA DE, FL, GA, HI, IL, IN, KY, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, NJ, NV, NY, OH, OR, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, WA, WY AR, AZ, FL, KS, ME, MO, MS, NC, NY, OH, SC, TN, VA, VT FL, ID, IN, KY, MD, ME, MO, MS, NV, NY, SC, VT, WI AL, AR, AZ, CA, CO, DE, IA, LA, MT, ND, NJ, OH, OK, OR, TN, TX, VA, WV Characterization on a watershed basis: availability/prioritization of sites for constructed wetlands CO, FL, IA, ID, LA, MO, MS, MT, NV, NY, SC, VA, WV AK, CA, GA, IN, KS, KY, MD, ME, MI, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NM, OH, OK, TX, UT, WA, WI Contribution of highway runoff to watershed loadings CA, CO, DE, FL, HI, ID, IN, KY, LA, ME, MI, MO, MT, NC, NH, NJ, OH, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT AK, AL, IA, IL, MA, MD, ND, OK, OR, RI, WA, WI Reduction in receiving water temperature change ID, MD, ME, SC, VA CA, FL, IN, KY, LA, MI, MN, MO, MT, NC, NJ, NY, OH, OK, OR, RI, TN, VT, WV Technical feasibility of BMPs AK, AZ, CA, CO, DE, FL, HI, ID, IN, LA, ME, MI, MS, MT, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, WA, WY AL, AR, GA, IL, KS, KY, MA, MN, MO, NC, NM, SD, UT, WI Construction costs of BMPs AL, CA, CO, FL, GA, HI, IN, KS, LA, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, ND, NE, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, RI, SC, TX, VA, WA, WY AK, AZ, IA, ID, IL, KY, NH, SD, TN, UT, VT, WI Construction BMPs efficiencies AK, AL, AZ, CA, CO, DE, FL, GA, HI, ID, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, SC, SD, TN, UT, VA, VT, WY IA, IL, MA, MI, ND, RI, TX, WA, WI (continued on next page)

A-8 TABLE A-2 (Continued) Operations and maintenance costs of BMPs AL, AZ, CA, CO, DE, FL, GA, HI, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NY, OH, OK, RI, SC, TX, UT, VA, VT, WA AK, IA, ID, IL, MA, ME, OR, SD, TN, WI, WY POTENTIAL POOLED-FUND RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES RESEARCH AREA STATE DOTs with HIGH INTEREST STATE DOTs with MODERATE INTEREST Valid monitoring methods AL, CA, CT, DE, FL, HI, ID, KY, LA, ME, MN, MO, MS, ND, NE, NV, NY, OR, RI, TN, VA, WA AL, CA, CT, FL, GA, HI, ID, LA, MN, MO, NV, NY, TN, UT, CO, DE, IN, KS, MD, ME, MI, MT, NC, ND, OH, OR, SD Compliance with numeric water quality standards AL, CA, CT, FL, GA, HI, ID, LA, MN, MO, NV, NY, TN, UT CO, DE, IN, KS, MD, ME, MI, MT, NC, ND, OH, OR, SD Methodology to quantify BMPs benefits and costs AL, CA, DE, FL, ID, IL, IN, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MS, MT, NC, ND, NV, NY, OH, SC, SD, TN, VA, VT, WI AK, AR, AZ, CO, GA, HI, KS, LA, MO, NE, NH, NJ, OK, OR, TX, UT, WA Development of small footprint BMPs AL, CA, CO, FL, IL, IN, LA, MD, ME, MI, MN, NC, NJ, NY, OH, OR, SC, TN, TX, VA, WA AR, GA, HI, ID, KS, KY, MA, MO, MS, MT, ND, NE, NH, NY, OK, SD, UT, VT Performance of BMPs retrofits/effectiveness (removing constituents of concern, hydraulic performance, export of elements to receiving waters) AL, CA, DE, FL, ID, IN, LA, MD, MN, MO, NC, NH, NY, OH, RI, SD, TN, UT, VA, WA AK, CO, HI, KS, KY, MA, MI, MS, MT, ND, NE, NJ, OK, SC Effectiveness of combinations of sedimentation, filtration, and chemical addition for stormwater BMPs construction and retrofit projects AL, CA, FL, HI, ID, IN, LA, MN, MO, ND, NE, NH, NY, OK, TN, VA AK, AR, CA, CO, DE, GA, KS, KY, ME, MT, NC, NJ, OH, SC, SD, UT, VT, WA, WI Selection of treatment BMPs and documentation of process AK, CA, CO, FL, ID, IN, LA, ME, MI, MN, MS, NC, NJ, NY, OH, RI, TN, VA AL, DE, GA, HI, IL, KY, MA, MO, ND, NE, NH, NV, OK, SC, SD, UT, VT, WI Design and maintenance of BMPs to reduce mosquito and other vermin populations AL, FL, LA, MN, MO, NE, NJ, NV, NY, OR, RI, SD, TN, VA AR, CA, CO, DE, IN, MA, MD, MI, NC, ND, OH, WA Design and maintenance of BMPs to reduce conflicts with endangered and threatened species FL, GA, ID, LA, MN, MO, MS, NE, NJ, NY, RI, SC, SD, TN, VA, WA AK, AL, CA, CO, IN, KS, KY, MD, MI, ND, NV, OK, OR, UT, WI, WY Viral pathogen indicators and treatment CA, LA, SC, VA AL, KS, MI, NC, NJ, TN, UT, WY Detention basin design optimization AZ, CA, FL, GA, ID, IN, KY, MN, MO, NE, NY, OK, SC, TN, TX, VA AK, AL, CO, IA, KS, LA, NC, ND, NH, NJ, NM, NV, OH, RI, SD, UT, WA, WI, WV Bypass detention basin design and effectiveness CA, FL, ID, IN, KY, MN, NE, NY, OK, SC, TN, TX, VA AK, AL, AR, CO, GA, KS, LA, MO, NC, ND, NJ, NM, NV, OH, SD, UT, WA, WV Gross solid removal device design and performance CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, MI, MO, ND, NV, NY, UT, VA AK, AL, HI, KS, KY, MA, MN, NE, NA, NJ, OH, SC, WA, WI

A-9 TABLE A-2 (Continued) Physics and chemistry of BMPs design CA, FL, KY, MO, VA AK, AL, ID, IN, MI, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NV, NY, OR, SD, TN Practical and effective ways to improve dissolved metal removal in current treatment systems CA, DE, MN, MO, NH, NV, NY, VA, WA AK, AR, AZ, CA, CO, FL, ID, IN, KS, LA, NC, ND, OH, OK, RI, SC, TN, UT, WV Infiltration guidance to prevent groundwater contamination AK, AR, AZ, CA, FL, HI, ME, MI, MN, NJ, NV, NY, OH, OR, RI, TN, VA, WA AL, CO, IN, KS, MA, MO, ND, NH, OK, SC, SD, UT, WI, WV Toxicity controls CA, MO, NY, TN, UT, VA AK, AR, CO, DE, HI, IN, KS, LA, MI, MN, ND, NH, NV, OH, OR, SC, TX, WA, WI, WV BMPs benefits and constraints in highly urbanized corridors CO, FL, HI, MD, MI, MN, NJ, NY, OH, OK, RI, SC, TX, UT, VA, WA AL, AR, AZ, CA, CT, DE, FL, GA, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, ME, MO, NC, VT, WI Best methods for improving stream ecology through water quality BMPs—alternatives to regulating runoff in urban areas AK, DE, FL, GA, KY, LA, ME, MI, MO, NY, RI, SC, SD, TX, VA, WA, WV AZ, CO, HI, IL, IN, KS, MD, MN, MS, NC, ND, NH, NJ, NV, OH, OK, VT, WI Demonstrating the costs and benefits of alternative/off- site/watershed-based stormwater mitigation AK, AR, AZ, CO, GA, KY, MD, MN, MS, NH, NJ, NY, OH, SC, SD, VA, VT, WA AL, FL, HI, ID, IN, KS, LA, ME, MO, NC, ND, NE, NV, OK, RI, TN, TX, UT, WI, WV Applicability and effectiveness of particular low impact development design (LID) methods in linear corridors/for transportation AK, AR, AZ, CO, CT, FL, HI, IN, MD, ME, MO, NJ, NY, OH, SC, TN, TX, VA, WA AL, DE, GA, ID, KS, KY, LA, MN, NC, ND, NE, NH, OK, SD, UT, VT, WV, WY LID modeling and design so that end-of-pipe control systems can be sized accurately AK, CO, CT, HI, IN, MD, NE, NJ, NY, OH, SC, VA, WA AL, DE, FL, GA, ID, KS, KY, LA, ME, MN, MO, NC, ND, OR, TN, TX, VT New erosion control technology evaluation AK, CA, CO, DE, FL, GA, HI, IA, ID, LA, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NV, NY, OK, SC, TN, TX, VA, WY AL, IL, IN, KS, KY, MA, ME, NM, OR, RI, UT, WA Temporary nonvegetative soil stabilization evaluation AK, CA, CO, DE, FL, GA, HI, ID, IN, LA, MN, MT, NC, ND, NH, NV, NY, OK, SC, TN, TX, VA AZ, FL, IA, KY, ME, MI, MO, NE, NJ, NM, OR, RI, SD, UT, WY Performance of nonvegetative permanent soil stabilizers for reducing erosion and potential impacts of products on stormwater quality AK, AZ, CA, CO, FL, HI, ID, LA, MN, MO, MT, NC, ND, NJ, NV, OK, OR, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA AL, AR, DE, FL, GA, IA, IN, KY, ME, MI, NE, NH, RI, UT, WV, WY Vegetation establishment AK, CA, CO, FL, HI, ID, IN, KY, LA, ND, NE, NV, NY, OK, RI, SC, SD, UT, VA AL, AZ, DE, GA, IA, IL, KS, MT, NM, OH, OR, TN, TX, VT, WI Guidance for seed mixes and effective establishment and maintenance of erosion control vegetation for short-term first growth and long-term establishment. AK, CA, FL, GA, IA, ID, IN, KY, LA, ND, NV, NY, OK, OR, RI, SC, SD, TN, VA AZ, CA, CO, DE, HI, IL, KS, MO, NE, NM, OH, TX, UT, VT POTENTIAL POOLED-FUND RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES RESEARCH AREA STATE DOTs with HIGH INTEREST STATE DOTs with MODERATE INTEREST (continued on next page)

A-10 TABLE A-2 (Continued) Arid region erosion control AK, AZ, CA, ID, MT, NV, OK, OR, SD, UT, WY CO, HI, NE, NM, WA Soil evaluation process for slope vegetation AK, AZ, CA, FL, GA, IK, KY, MN, MT, NY, SC, SD, VA, WY CO, HI, IA, IN, KS, LA, MI, MO, ND, NH, NM, NV, OH, OK, OR, TN, UT, WI, WV Deicing agent selection criteria AK, CA, CO, CT, ID, IN, ME, MO, NH, NY, OH, SD, UT, VA, WY AZ, DE, HI, IA, IL, KY, MI, NV, OR, RI, TN, WI Traction sand removal BMPs for snow areas AK, CA, CO, CT, ID, IN, NV, NY, SD, UT, VA, WY AZ, DE, IA, IL, MA, MI, MT, NH, OR, RI, TN WI POTENTIAL POOLED-FUND RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES RESEARCH AREA STATE DOTs with HIGH INTEREST STATE DOTs with MODERATE INTEREST

Next: Appendix B - Brief Listing of Guidelines and Protocols for Highway Runoff Characterization and Management »
Identification of Research Needs Related to Highway Runoff Management Get This Book
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TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 521: Identification of Research Needs Related to Highway Runoff Management summarizes significant stormwater management practices and research efforts, and it identifies the most pressing gaps and needs in the current state of knowledge in over more than 30 subject areas. The report includes full research project statements for the topics considered to be of highest priority.

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