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Page 95
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2005. Recommended Guidelines for Curb and Curb-Barrier Installations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13849.
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Page 95
Page 96
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2005. Recommended Guidelines for Curb and Curb-Barrier Installations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13849.
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Page 96

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95 REFERENCES 1. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets, Washington, DC (2001). 2. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Roadside Design Guide, Washington, DC (2002). 3. Iowa Department of Transportation, Design Manual (1999). 4. Beaton, J. L., and Peterson, H., A Report on Dynamic Testing of Various Designs of Highway Bridge Curbing—Roadway Barrier Curb Investigation, California Division of Highways (Dec. 1953). 5. Bronstad, M. E., Ray, M. H., Mayer, Jr., J. B., and McDevitt, C.F., “Guardrail-Bridge Rail Transition Evaluations,” Trans- portation Research Record 1133, HRB, National Research Coun- cil, Washington, DC (1987). 6. Ray, M. H., and McGinnis, R. G., NCHRP Synthesis of High- way Practice 244: Guardrail and Median Barrier Crash- worthiness, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC (1994). 7. Field, R. N., and Beaton, J. L., Final Report of Full-Scale Dynamic Tests of Bridge Curbs and Rails, California Division of Highways (Dec. 1957). 8. Henault, G. G., and Perron, H., “Research and Development of a Guide Rail System for a High-Speed Elevated Expressway,” Highway Research Record 152, HRB, National Research Coun- cil, Washington, DC (1966). 9. Elsholz, J., “Tests Concerning the Turn-Away Effect of Curb Stones,” Strasse und Autobahn, Vol. 19, No. 4 (April 1968). 10. Jehu, V. J., “Safety Fences and Kerbs,” Traffic Engineering and Control, Vol. 5, No. 9 (Jan. 1964). 11. Dunlap, D. F., “Barrier-Curb Redirection Effectiveness,” High- way Research Record 340, HRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC (1973). 12. Hutchinson, J. W., and Kennedy, T. W., “Safety Considerations in Median Design,” Highway Research Record 162, HRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC (1966). 13. Navin, F. P. D., and Thomson, R., “Safety of Roadside Curbs,” SAE Paper No. 970964, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA (1997) pp. 365–370. 14. McHenry, R. R., and DeLeys, N. J., Determination of Physical Criteria for Roadside Energy Conservation Systems, Report No. VJ-2251-v-1, Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory (July 1967). 15. Zobel, E. C., Dunlap, D.F., Kay, I.W., Blass, J.J., Grote, P., and Fram, D.M., Investigation of the Dynamic Impact on Roadside Obstacles: Final Report, College of Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (1972). 16. McHenry, R. R., and DeLeys, N. J., Vehicle Dynamics in Single- Vehicle Accidents: Validation and Extension of a Computer Simulation, Report No. VJ-2251-V-3, Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory (Dec. 1968). 17. Paniati, J. F., and True, J., Transportation Research Circular 453: Interactive Highway Safety Design Model (IHSDM): Designing Highways with Safety in Mind, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC (Feb. 1996). 18. Committee on Guardrail and Guide Posts, Highway Research Board, Highway Research Circular 482: Proposed Full-Scale Testing Procedures for Guardrails, HRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC (Sep. 1962). 19. Ross, H. E., Sicking, D. L., and Perera, H. S., “Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Features,” NCHRP Report 350, TRB, National Research Coun- cil, Washington, DC (1993). 20. Michie, J. D., “Recommended Procedures for the Safety Per- formance Evaluation of Highway Features,” NCHRP Report 230, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC (March 1981). 21. Dunlap, D. F., “Curb Vaulting Evaluation,” Highway Research Record 340, HRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC (1973). 22. Olson, R. M., Weaver, G. D., Ross, Jr., H. E., and Post, E. R., NCHRP Report 150: Effect of Curb Geometry and Location on Vehicle Behavior, TRB, National Research Council, Washing- ton, DC (1974). 23. Ross, H. E., and Post, E. R., Dynamic Behavior of an Automo- bile Traversing Selected Curbs and Medians, Research Report 140-6, Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX (Jan. 1975). 24. Holloway, J.C., Sicking, D. L., and Rossen, B. T., Performance Evaluation of NDOR Mountable Curbs, Transportation Report No. TRP-03-37-94, Midwest Roadside Safety Facility, Univer- sity of Nebraska-Lincoln (June 1994). 25. Buth, E. et al., Safer Bridge Railings, Report FHWA-RD-82- 072, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC (1984). 26. Bryden, J. E., and Phillips, R. G., “Performance of a Thrie- Beam Steel-Post Bridge-Rail System,” Transportation Research Record 1024, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC (1985) pp. 18–27. 27. Federal Highway Administration, “Memorandum on Perfor- mance of Guardrail/Curb Combinations,” File Designation HNG-14, Washington, DC. (Feb. 1992). 28. Holloway, J. C., and Rossen, B. T., Performance Evaluation of Missouri’s 6-inch Barrier Curb Under W-Beam Guardrail: Final Report to the Missouri Highway and Transportation Department, Transportation Report No. TRP-03-40-94, Midwest Roadside Safety Facility, University of Nebraska-Lincoln (April 1994). 29. Polivka, K. A., Faller, R. K., Sicking, D. L., Rhode, J. R., Reid, J. D., and Holloway, J. C., Guardrail and Guardrail Terminals Installed Over Curbs, Research Report No. TRP-03-83-99, Midwest Roadside Safety Facility, University of Nebraska- Lincoln (Sep. 1999). 30. Bullard, D. L, and Menges, W. L., NCHRP Report 350 Test 3-11 on the G4(2W) Strong Post W-Beam Guardrail with 100 mm High Asphaltic Curb, Report No. FHWA-RD-00, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC (June 2000). 31. Mak, K. K., Bligh, R. P., and Menges, W. L., Crash Testing and Evaluation of Existing Guardrail Systems, Test Report No. 471470-26, Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M Uni- versity, College Station, TX (Dec. 1995).

96 42. Basu, S., and Haghighi, A., Numerical Analysis of Roadside Design (NARD) Volume III: Validation Procedure Manual, Report No. FHWA-RD-88-213, Federal Highway Administra- tion (Sep. 1988). 43. Ray, M. H., “Repeatability of Full-Scale Crash Tests and a Criteria for Validating Simulation Results,” Transportation Research Record 1528, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC (1996). 44. Geers, T. L., “An Objective Error Message for the Comparison of Calculated and Measured Transient Response Histories,” The Shock and Vibration Bulletin (June 1984). 45. Texas Transportation Institute, Test Risk Assessment Pro- gram (TRAP) Version 2.0: User’s Manual, College Station, TX (1999). 46. Plaxico, C. A., Ray, M. H., and Hiranmayee, K., “Comparison of the Impact Performance of the G4(1W) and G4(2W) Guard- rail Systems Under NCHRP Report 350 Test 3-11 Conditions,” Transportation Research Record 1720, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC (2000). 47. Ray, M. H. “The Use of Finite Element Analysis in Roadside Hardware Design”, International Journal of Crashworthiness, Vol. 2, No. 4 (1997). 48. Engstrand, K. E., “Improvements to the Weak-Post W-Beam Guardrail,” Master’s Thesis, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA (2000). 49. Ray, M. H., Plaxico, C. A., and Engstrand, K. E., “Performance of W-Beam Splices,” Transportation Research Record 1743, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC (2001). 50. Ray, M. H., Engstrand, K. E., Plaxico, C. A., and McGinnis, R. G, “Improvements to the Weak-Post W-Beam Guardrail,” Transportation Research Record 1743, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC (2001). 51. National Center for Statistics and Analysis, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, US Department of Transporta- tion, Traffic Safety Facts 1996 (1996). 52. Plaxico, C. A., “Design Guidelines for the Use of Curbs and Curb/Guardrail Combinations Along High-Speed Roadways,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA (2002). 32. Polivka, K. A., Faller, R. K., Sicking, D. L., Rhode, J. R., Reid, J. D., and Holloway, J. C., Guardrail and Guardrail Terminals Installed Over Curbs: Phase II, Research Report No. TRP-03-105-00, Midwest Roadside Safety Facility, Uni- versity of Nebraska-Lincoln (Nov. 2001). 33. DeLeys, N. J., and Brinkman, C. P., “Rollover Potential of Vehicles on Embankments, Sideslopes, and Other Roadside Features,” SAE Paper 870234, Society of Automotive Engi- neers, Warrendale, PA (1987) pp. 149–158. 34. Cooperrider, N. K., Thomas, T. M., and Hammoud, S. A., “Testing and Analysis of Vehicle Rollover Behavior: Accident Reconstruction: Human, Vehicle and Environmental Factors,” SAE SP-90-814, SAE Engineers International Congress & Exposition (1990) pp. 125–134. 36. Allen, R. W., Szostak, H. T., Rosenthal, T. J., Klyde, D. H., and Owens, K. J., “Characteristics Influencing Ground Vehicle Lateral/Directional Dynamic Stability,” SAE Paper 910234, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA (1991) pp. 23–48. 36. Allen, R. W., Rosenthal, T. J., and Chrstos, J. P, “A Vehicle Dynamics Tire Model for Both Pavement and Off-Road Con- ditions,” SAE Paper 970559, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA (1997). 38. Allen, R. W., Rosenthal, T. J., Klyde, D. H., and Chrstos, J. P., “Vehicle and Tire Modeling for Dynamic Analysis and Real- Time Simulation,” SAE Paper 2000-01-1620, Society of Auto- motive Engineers, Warrendale, PA (2000) pp. 1–22. 38. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Guide for Selecting, Locating, and Designing Traffic Barriers (1977). 39. Allen, R. W., Szostak, H. T., and Rosenthal, T. J., “Steady State and Transient Analysis of Ground Vehicle Handling,” SAE Paper No. 870495, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warren- dale, PA (Feb. 1987). 40. Ray, M. H., Hiranmayee, K., and Kirkpatrick, S., “Performance Validation of Two Side Impact Dummies,” International Jour- nal of Crashworthiness, Vol. 4, No. 3 (1999). 41. LS-DYNA User’s Manual Volumes 1 and 2 Version 960, Liv- ermore Software Technology Cooperation, Livermore, CA (March 2001).

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TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 537: Recommended Guidelines for Curb and Curb–Barrier Installations presents the findings of a research project to develop guidelines for the use of curbs and curb–guardrail combinations on high-speed roadways. The report includes recommendations concerning the location of curbs with respect to the guardrail for various operating speeds.

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