A Guide for Reducing Work Zone Collisions (2005)

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VII-1 SECTION VII Key References American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Primer on Contracting for the Twenty-First Century, fourth edition. Washington, D.C. 2001. http://www.transportation.org/download/ContractPrimer.pdf. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Roadside Design Guide, third edition. Washington, D.C. 2002. American National Standards Institute and International Safety Equipment Association, American National Standard for High-Visibility Safety Apparel (ANSI/ISEA 107-2004). Arlington, Virginia. 2004. American Traffic Safety Services Association, Quality Standards for Work Zone Traffic Control Devices. 1995. Anderson, S.D., and G.L. Ullman, NCHRP Synthesis 293: Reducing and Mitigating Impacts of Lane Occupancy During Constructions and Maintenance. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2000. http://trb.org/news/blurb_detail.asp?id=1886. Anderson, S.D., G.L. Ullman, and B.C. Blaschke, “Process for Selecting Strategies for Rehabilitation of Rigid Pavements Under High Traffic Volumes.” Transportation Research Record 1861. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2003. Benekohal, R.F., P.T.V. Resende, and R.L. Orloski. “Effects of Police Presence on Speed in a Highway Work Zone: Circulating Marked Police Car Experiment.” Report No. FHWA- IL/UI-240, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois. 1992. Bryden, J., Traffic Control Handbook for Mobile Operations at Night: Guidelines for Construction, Maintenance, and Utility Operations. Federal Highway Administration, FHWA-SA-03-036, Washington, D.C. August 2003. Bryden, J., Use of Positive Protection in Work Zones. National Cooperative Highway Research Program Project 20-7 Task 174. Transportation Research Board. Report to be published in 2005. Bryden, J.E., and L.B. Andrew, “Quality Assurance Program for Work-Zone Traffic Control,” Transportation Research Record 1745. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2001. Bryden, J.E., L.B. Andrew, and J. S. Fortuniewicz, “Intrusion Accidents on Highway Construction Projects.” Transportation Research Record 1715. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2000. Bryden, J.E., and D. Mace, NCHRP Report 475: A Procedure for Assessing and Planning Nighttime Highway Construction and Maintenance. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2002. http://trb.org/news/blurb_detail.asp?id=723. Bryden, J.E., and D. Mace, NCHRP Report 476: Guidelines for the Design and Operation of Nighttime Traffic Control for Highway Maintenance and Construction. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2002. http://trb.org/news/blurb_detail.asp?id=1023.

Byrd, L.G., “Service Life and Life of Service: The Maintenance Commitments.” Transportation Research Record 1650. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 1998. Carlson, P.J., M. Fontaine, H.G. Hawkins, K. Murphy, and D. Brown, “Evaluation of Speed Trailers at High-Speed Temporary Work Zones.” Transportation Research Board, Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers CD-ROM, Washington, D.C. 2000. Chadda, H.S., and H.W. McGee, “Pedestrian Considerations in Work Zones.” ITE Journal, Institute of Transportation Engineers, September 1984. Colorado Department of Transportation, Draft 2030 Statewide Transportation Plan – Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Technical Report. 2004. http://www.dot.state.co.us/ StatewidePlanning/PlansStudies/Docs/Transportation%20Demand%20Management%20Techn ical%20Report.pdf. Colorado Department of Transportation, Transportation Demand Management Toolkit. 2002. http://www.dot.state.co.us/CommuterChoice/TDM/TDM.htm. Colorado Department of Transportation, Transportation Expansion Project (T-Rex) website. http://www.trexproject.com/. Cottrell, B.H., “Improving Night Work Zone Traffic Control.” Virginia Transportation Research Council, VTRC-00-R8. 1999. http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/ online_reports/pdf/00-r8.pdf. Daniels, G., S. Venglar, and D. Picha, “Feasibility of Portable Traffic Signals to Replace Flaggers in Maintenance Operations.” Texas Transportation Institute, TTI Report 3926-1. 2000. http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/3926-1.pdf. Ellis, R.D., Jr., S. Amos, and A. Kumar, NCHRP Report 498: Illumination Guidelines for Nighttime Highway Work. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2003. http://trb.org/news/blurb_detail.asp?id=2316. Federal Highway Administration, Missouri Division, Highways for LIFE website. http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/modiv/safety.htm. Federal Highway Administration, Office of Operations Work Zone Mobility and Safety Website. Best Practice Policy, New York State DOT, “A+B Bidding.” http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/wz/practices/best/view_document.asp?ID=198&from=crossref& Category_ID=18. Federal Highway Administration, A Study on the Use of Uniformed Police Officers on Federal- Aid Highway Construction Projects: Report of Findings. FHWA Docket No. FHWA-1999-5387, Washington, D.C. October 2001. http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/fourthlevel/nwzaw/toc.htm. Federal Highway Administration, Accelerated Construction. FHWA-HRT-04-067, Washington, D.C. 2004. Federal Highway Administration, Accelerated Construction Technology Transfer. Publication No. FHWA-IF-04-003. 2004. http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/construction/accelerated/if04003.htm. Federal Highway Administration, FHWA Work Zone Safety and Mobility Rule. Federal Register. 2004. http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/06jun20041800/ edocket.access.gpo.gov/2004/04-20340.htm. SECTION VII—KEY REFERENCES VII-2

SECTION VII—KEY REFERENCES Federal Highway Administration, Full Road Closure for Work Zone Operations: A Cross-Cutting Study. FHWA-OP-04-009. Washington, D.C. August 2003. http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/ wz/resources/publications/FullClosure/CrossCutting/its.htm. Federal Highway Administration, Intelligent Transportation Systems in Work Zones: A Cross Cutting Study. Report No. FHWA-OP-02-025. Washington, D.C. 2002. http://www.itsdocs.fhwa.dot.gov/JPODOCS/REPTS_TE/13600.html. Federal Highway Administration, ITS Operations Resource Guide. 2003. http://www.itsdocs.fhwa.dot.gov//JPODOCS/catalog/frame_sec6_zones.htm. Federal Highway Administration, Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD). Washington, D.C. 2003. Federal Highway Administration, Meeting the Customer’s Needs for Mobility and Safety During Construction and Maintenance Operations. Office of Program Quality Coordination HPQ-98-1, Washington, D.C. 1998. http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/reports/bestprac.pdf. Federal Highway Administration, Mitigating Traffic Congestion—The Role of Demand-Side Strategies. Publication No. FHWA-HOP-05-001, Washington, D.C. 2004. http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/mitig_traf_cong/index.htm. Federal Highway Administration, “Work Zone Safety and Mobility.” Federal Register, FHWA Docket No. FHWA-2001-11130. 2004. http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/ 06jun20041800/edocket.access.gpo.gov/2004/04-20340.htm. Federal Highway Administration and American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Work Zone Operations Best Practices Guidebook. FHWA-OP-00-010, Washington, D.C. April 2000. Florida Department of Transportation, “Florida Bicycle Facilities Planning and Design Handbook.” July 1999. http://www.dot.state.fl.us/safety/ped_bike/ handbooks_and_research/bhtoc.pdf. Florida Department of Transportation, “Florida Pedestrian Facilities Planning and Design Handbook.” April 1999. http://www.dot.state.fl.us/safety/ped_bike/ handbooks_and_research/PEDHBTOC.PDF. Fontaine, M.D., “Guidelines for the Application of Portable Work Zone Intelligent Transportation Systems.” Transportation Research Board, Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers CD-ROM, Washington, D.C. 2003. Ford, G.L., and D.L. Picha, “Teenage Drivers’ Understanding of Traffic Control Devices.” Transportation Research Record 1708, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2000. Hancher, D.E., and T.R.B. Taylor, “Nighttime Construction Issues.” Transportation Research Record 1761, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2001. Hanscom, F.R., and R.F. Pain, NCHRP Report 337: Service Vehicle Lighting and Traffic Control Systems for Short-Term and Moving Operations. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 1990. VII-3

Houston-Galveston Area Council, Transportation Demand Management and Corridor Planning – A Guidebook for Houston Area Planners, Engineers and Policy Makers. 2003. http://www.commutesolutions-hou.com/resources/TDM_and_Corridor_Planning.pdf. Hoyer, W.J., and M.E. Familant, “Adult Age Differences in the Rate of Processing Expectancy Information.” Cognitive Development, Vol. 2, 1987. Huddleston, N.D., S.H. Richards, and C.L. Dudek, “Driver Understanding of Work-Zone Flagger Signals.” Transportation Research Record 864, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 1982. Jackson, H., A. Eisdorfer, S. Zaghloul, R. Sauber, and A. Jumikis, “Integration of Preventive Maintenance into the NJDOT Pavement Management System.” Transportation Research Board, Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers CD-ROM, Washington, D.C. 2004. Jones, B., A. Griffith, and K. Haas, Effectiveness of Double Fines as a Speed Control Measure in Safety Corridors. Report No. FHWA-OR-DF-01-10. Oregon DOT. 2002. http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/docs/Reports/EffectDoubleFines.pdf. Kamyab, A., T. McDonald, and B. Storm, “Synthesis of Best Practices for Increasing Protection and Visibility of Maintenance Vehicles.” Final Report, Iowa Department of Transportation Project TR-475, Center for Transportation Research and Education, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. 2002. Kamyab, A., T. McDonald, and B. Storm, Synthesis of Best Practice for Increasing Protection and Visibility of Highway Maintenance Vehicles. Iowa State University Center for Transportation Research and Education. August 2002. http://www.ctre.iastate.edu/reports/visibility.pdf. Kamyab, A., T. McDonald, B. Storm, and M. Anderson-Wilk, “Effectiveness of Extra Enforcement in Construction and Maintenance Work Zones,” Final Report, Report No. MzSWZDI Year 4 Technology Evaluation #1, Center for Transportation Research and Education, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, May 2003. Kent, D.L., “Innovative Contracting Techniques That Consider Driver Impact: Use of A+B Bidding.” Presented at Federal Highway Administration Making Work Zones Work Better Workshop series, 2003. http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/wz/workshops/accessible/ Kent_MWZWB.htm. King, L.E., M.R. Kane, and M.L. Carpenter, “Motorists’ Perception of Work Zone Safety.” ITE International Conference Proceedings, Institute of Transportation Engineers, Washington, D.C. March 1999. King, T.W., C.C. Sun, and M.R. Virkler, “Evaluation of a Freeway Work Zone Speed Advisory System Using Multiple Measures.” Transportation Research Board, Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers CD-ROM, Washington, D.C. 2004. Kochevar, K.J., “Intrusion Devices - New and Emerging Technology in Worker Safety.” Presented at Making Work Zones Work Better Workshop Series. Federal Highway Administration. http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/wz/workshops/originals/Ken_Kochevar_ID.ppt. Lamptey, G., S. Labi, and K.C. Sinha, “Development of Alternative Rehabilitation and Maintenance Strategies for Pavement Management.” Paper No. 04-4654. Transportation Research Board, Compendium of Papers CD-ROM, Washington, D.C. 2004. SECTION VII—KEY REFERENCES VII-4

SECTION VII—KEY REFERENCES VII-5 Larson, C.D., and O. Skrypczuk, “Comprehensive Data Collection Supporting Asset Management at Virginia DOT.” Paper No. 04-4675. Transportation Research Board, Compendium of Papers CD-ROM, Washington, D.C. 2004. Li, Z., and Sinha, K. C., “A Methodology for Multicriteria Decision-Making in Highway Asset Management.” Transportation Research Record 1885, Transportation Research Board, 2004. Liu, J., D.G. Zollinger, S.D. Tayabji, and K.D. Smith, “SAPER: Tool for Selecting Concrete Pavement Repair and Rehabilitation Treatments.” Paper No. 04-2398. Transportation Research Board, Compendium of Papers CD-ROM, Washington, D.C. 2004. Maze, T., A. Kamyab, and S. Schrock, “Evaluation of Work Zone Speed Reduction Measures.” Iowa State University Center for Transportation Research and Education. Ames, Iowa. April 2000. McCoy, P.T., S.L. Gaber, J.A. Gaber, and W.D. Tobin, “Nebraska Intelligent Transportation Systems Statewide Strategic Plan.” Nebraska Department of Roads, Lincoln, Nebraska, FHWA-NE-99-P511. 1998. McGee, H.W., D.B. Joost, and E.C. Noel, “Speed Control at Work Zones.” ITE Journal, Institute of Transportation Engineers, January 1988. McGraw-Hill Construction, “Illinois to Test Flagging Device as Part of Injury Crackdown.” Engineering News-Record. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. March 15, 2004. Vol. 252, No. 11. Page 16. http://72.14.207.104/search?q=cache:odfwtpJcUY0J:www.enr.com/ news/safety/archives/040315.asp+Illinois+to+Test+Flagging+Device+as+Part+of+Injury+ Crackdown&hl=en. Merritt, D., B.F. McCullough, and N.H. Burns, “Feasibility of Using Precast Concrete Panels to Expedite Construction of Portland Cement Concrete Pavement.” Transportation Research Record 1761, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2001. National Cooperative Highway Research Program. CRP-CD-50: Training for Night Road Work to Improve Safety and Operations. Transportation Research Board, 2004. Nazarian, S., D. Yuan, and A. Medichetti, “Optimizing Opening of Portland Cement Concrete Pavements Using Integrated Maturity and Nondestructive Tests.” Transportation Research Record 1861, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2003. New York State Department of Transportation, Construction Work Zone Speed Limits - Guidelines and Documentation. Engineering Instruction 95-032. 1995. http://www.dot.state.ny.us/cmb/consult/eib/files/ei95032.pdf. New York State Department of Transportation, Dedicated Police Services on Department Construction Projects. Engineering Instruction 93-30. 1993. http://www.dot.state.ny.us/cmb/consult/eib/files/ei93030.pdf. New York State Department of Transportation, Guidelines for the Use of Time-Related Contract Provision. Engineering Instruction 99-033. 1999. http://www.dot.state.ny.us/cmb/consult/eib/files/ei99033.pdf. New York State Department of Transportation, “Guidelines for Work Zone Intrusion Countermeasures.” Engineering Directive 99-002. 1999. http://www.dot.state.ny.us/cmb/consult/eib/files/ed99002.pdf.

SECTION VII—KEY REFERENCES VII-6 New York State Department of Transportation, “Maintenance and Protection of Pedestrian and Bicycle Traffic.” Engineering Instruction 01-019. 2001. http://www.dot.state.ny.us/cmb/consult/eib/files/ei01019.pdf. New York State Department of Transportation, Quality Assurance of Work Zone Maintenance and Protection of Traffic (M&Pt). Engineering Bulletin 02-047. 2002. http://www.dot.state.ny.us/cmb/consult/eib/files/eb02047.pdf. Noel, E.C., Dudek, C.L., Pendleton, O.J., and Sabra, Z.A., “Speed Control Through Freeway Work Zones: Techniques Evaluation.” Transportation Research Record 1163, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 1988. Notbohm, T., “Evaluation Report on RC Flagman Remote Flagger.” Wisconsin Department of Transportation. June 2004. See Appendix B4A. Notbohm, T. , A. Drakopoulos, and A. Horowitz, Smart Work Zone Deployment Initiative Summer 2001 Travel Time Prediction System. 2001. http://www.eng.mu.edu/~drakopoa/web_documents/TIPS/Tipswisconsin.pdf. Ohio Department of Transportation, Innovative Contracting Manual. 2003. http://www.dot.state.oh.us/construction/OCA/InnovativeContractingManualFinal.pdf. Park, S., K.D. Douglas, A.S. Griffith, and K.J. Hass, “Factors of Importance for Determining Daytime Versus Nighttime Operations in Oregon.” Transportation Research Record 1813, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2002. Pratt, S.G., D.F. Fosbroke, and S.M. Marsh, “Building Safer Highway Work Zones: Measures to Prevent Worker Injuries from Vehicles and Equipment.” DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2001-128, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. 2001. http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/pdfs/01-128.pdf. Richards, S.H., R. C. Wunderlich, and C. L. Dudek, “Field Evaluation of Work Zone Speed Control Techniques.” Transportation Research Record 1035, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 1985. Robinson, M., E. Raynault, S. Rennie, and E.A. Sheldahl, “Performance-Based Contract Maintenance in the District of Columbia – Results and Lessons Learned at the Half-Way Point.” Transportation Research Board, Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers CD-ROM, Washington, D.C. 2004. Schrock, S.D., G.L. Ullman, and N.D. Trout, “Survey of State Law Enforcement Personnel on Work Zone Enforcement Practices.” Transportation Research Record 1818, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2002. South Carolina Department of Transportation, Accelerated Construction website. http://www.dot.state.sc.us/doing/acceleratedselect.shtml. Staplin, L., K. Lococo, and S. Byington, Older Driver Highway Design Handbook. Report No. FHWA-RD-97-135. Federal Highway Administration. Washington, D.C. January 1998. Staplin, L., K. Lococo, S. Byington, and D. Harkey, Guidelines and Recommendations to Accommodate Older Drivers and Pedestrians, FHWA Publication No. FHWA-RD-01-051, May 2001. http://www.tfhrc.gov/humanfac/01105/cover.htm.

SECTION VII—KEY REFERENCES Stidger, R.W., “How MnDOT Sets Speed Limits for Safety.” Better Roads. November 2003. http://www.betterroads.com/articles/nov03a.htm. Swanson, A., D.W. Kline, and R.E. Dewar, “Guidelines for Traffic Sign Signals.” ITE Journal, Vol. 67, Institute of Transportation Engineers. May 1997. Transportation Research Board, NCHRP Research Results Digest 192: Procedure for Determining Work Zone Speed Limits. 1996. Ullman, G.L., “Special Flashing Warning Lights for Construction, Maintenance, and Service Vehicles: Are Amber Beacons Always Enough?” Transportation Research Record 1715, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2000. Ullman, G.L., P.J. Carlson, and N.D. Trout, “Effect of the Work Zone Double Fine Law in Texas.” Transportation Research Record 1715, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2000. Ullman, G.L. , M. Finley, J. Bryden, R. Srinivasan, and F. Council, Traffic Safety Evaluation of Nighttime and Daytime Work Zones. First interim report, NCHRP Project 17-30. Transportation Research Board. February 2005. Ullman, G.L., M.D. Fontaine, and S.D. Schrock, “Creating Enforcement-Friendly Work Zones.” Presented at Making Work Zones Work Better Workshop Series. Federal Highway Administration, undated. http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/wz/workshops/sheet1.htm; PowerPoint presentation with photos available at http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/wz/ workshops/originals/Ullman%20revised%20Feb%20034.ppt. Ullman, G.L., A.J. Holick, and S.M. Turner, “Work Zone Exposure and Safety Assessment.” Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C. (In Press). Utah Local Technical Assistance Program Innovative Contracting website: http://www.ic.usu.edu/. Washington State Department of Transportation, “Asset Management: Pavement Assessment.” October 2003. http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/publications/folio/ PavementAssessment.pdf. Washington State Department of Transportation, Washington State Technology Transfer. Issue 85. Winter 2005. http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/TA/T2Center/T2Bulletin-archives/2004- 05winter.pdf. Wei, C., and S. Tighe, “Development of Preventive Maintenance Decision Trees Based on Cost Effectiveness Analysis: An Ontario Case Study.” Transportation Research Record 1866, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. 2004. VII-7