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ACRP Report 4: Ground Access to Major Airports by Public Transportation (2008)
Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP)

Citation Manager

Coogan, Matthew A, Transportation Research Board. "Documentation of Examples of Integrated Services." ACRP Report 4: Ground Access to Major Airports by Public Transportation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2008.

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Page
132
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Page
132
Front Matter (R1-R12)
Summary (1-14)
Chapter 1 - Six Steps in a Market-Based Strategy for Improving Airport Ground Access (15-15)
Coordinate with the Regional Planning Process (16-17)
Data Collection for the Airport Ground Access Survey (18-19)
Data Collection to Monitor the Performance of the System (20-20)
Geographic Scale of the Airport Ground Access Markets (21-21)
Density and Market Support Associated with Specific Modes (22-23)
Best Practices in the United States: Examples of Market Types at U.S. Airports (24-24)
Lessons Learned from Successful Systems (25-26)
Summary: Designing to Deal with Revealed Attributes (27-27)
Best Practices in the United States: Service Based on Markets (28-28)
Encouraging the Use of High-Occupancy Service (29-29)
Learning from Recent U.S. Airport Designs (30-30)
Step 6: Present Information about Ground Access Services to the Traveler (31-31)
Conclusion (32-33)
Understanding the Scale of Airport Ground Access (34-34)
The Scale of the Public Mode Volumes at These Airports (35-35)
What Has Happened over the Last Decade? (36-38)
Trip Purpose: Why Do Airline Passengers Travel? (41-43)
National Patterns of Access to Airports and Terminals (44-44)
Daily Public Mode Volumes to Airports (45-45)
Implications for Choice of Ground Access Mode (46-47)
Ground Access Issues and the Regional Planning Process (48-49)
Environmental Approvals in Europe (50-50)
What's Next? (51-51)
Understanding Successful Airport Ground Access Systems (52-52)
Does Airport Size Explain Ridership? (53-53)
Does the Quality of the Airport Connection Explain Ridership? (54-54)
Does Line-Haul Speed Explain High Ridership? (55-57)
Is Higher Speed or Directness of Service More Important? (58-60)
The Implications of Dedicated Premium Service (61-61)
Berlin Brandenburg Airport (62-62)
Chicago Midway and O'Hare Airports (63-63)
Summing It Up (64-64)
Desired Attributes of Van and Bus Service to U.S. Airports (65-66)
What's Next? (67-67)
Part 1: Best Practices at U.S. Airports (68-68)
Tier 1 (69-69)
San Francisco (23% Market Share) (70-70)
Boston (18% Market Share) (71-72)
Oakland (15% Market Share) (73-73)
New Orleans (15% Market Share) (74-74)
Atlanta (14% Market Share) (75-75)
Denver (14% Market Share) (76-76)
Los Angeles (13% Market Share) (77-77)
Baltimore/Washington (12% Market Share) (78-78)
Chicago O'Hare (12% Market Share) (79-79)
Tier 2 (80-80)
Seattle (11% Market Share) (81-81)
Chicago Midway (9% Market Share) (82-82)
San Diego (9% Market Share) (83-83)
Washington Dulles (8% Market Share) (84-84)
New York LaGuardia (8% Market Share) (85-85)
Philadelphia (7% Market Share) (86-86)
Dallas/Fort Worth (6% Market Share) (87-87)
Cleveland (6% Market Share) (88-88)
Part 2: Best Practices at European and Asian Airports (89-90)
Oslo (64% Market Share) (91-91)
Hong Kong (63% Market Share) (92-92)
Narita (59% Market Share) (93-93)
Zurich (47% Market Share) (94-94)
Vienna (41% Market Share) (95-95)
London Stansted (40% Market Share) (96-96)
Paris Charles de Gaulle (40% Market Share) (97-97)
Amsterdam (37% Market Share) (98-98)
Munich (36% Market Share) (99-99)
London Heathrow (36% Market Share) (100-100)
Stockholm (34% Market Share) (101-101)
Frankfurt (33% Market Share) (102-102)
Geneva (28% Market Share) (103-103)
Brussels (26% Market Share) (104-104)
Dsseldorf (22% Market Share) (105-106)
Part 1: Baggage Strategies for Local Originating Passengers (107-107)
The Importance of Baggage-Handling Strategies (108-108)
A Case Study in Baggage Check-in at a Downtown Terminal (109-111)
Status of Other Downtown Check-in Terminals (112-116)
Near-Airport Check-in Locations (117-118)
Part 2: Integration of Ticketing and Baggage with Longer Distance Systems (119-119)
Integration with National Systems: The GAO Study (120-121)
Why Integrate an Airport with Longer Distance Ground Services? (122-124)
Part 3: Evolving Strategies for Integrated Ticketing and Baggage (125-125)
Las Vegas Strategies for Integration of Modal Services (126-126)
Los Angeles International Airport to Union Station (127-127)
Newark Liberty International Airport Rail Station: A Case Study (128-130)
Lessons Learned: Integration with National Systems (131-131)
Documentation of Examples of Integrated Services (132-134)
Characteristics of the Airport Ground Access Market (135-135)
Demographic Characteristics of Air Travelers (136-137)
Step 1: Decide What Information to Collect (138-138)
Step 2: Select a Data Collection Method (139-140)
Step 3: Determine the Sampling Frame and Sampling Method (141-141)
Step 5: Summarize and Analyze the Results (142-142)
Air Traveler Trip-End Densities Associated with Ground Transportation Markets (143-144)
The Geography of Public Ground Transportation to Airports (145-146)
A Hierarchy of Markets for Public Ground Transportation Services (147-147)
Variation by Demographic Segment: Total Airport Market (148-148)
Variation by Demographic Segment: Washington, D.C. (149-150)
Applying the Four Market Segments: Looking for the Factor of Familiarity (151-151)
Conclusion (152-152)
The Need to Manage Services (153-153)
Measures to Encourage Use of Public Transportation (154-155)
Automated Traffic Monitoring and Management Programs (156-156)
Open Access (157-157)
Balancing Supply and Demand (158-158)
Challenges of Introducing New Services (159-159)
Competition and Enforcement (160-160)
Bond Indenture (161-161)
Airline Agreement (162-162)
Sources of Funding (163-163)
Federal Funding and Financial Oversight of Airports and Airport Access Projects (164-166)
Environmental Implications of Federal Funding for Airport Access Projects (167-167)
Factors That Influence Employee Use of Public Transportation (168-168)
Transit Service Characteristics (169-170)
Employee Characteristics (171-172)
Comparative Comfort of Transit and Automobile (173-173)
Availability, Cost, and Convenience of Parking at the Work Site (174-174)
Extent and Adequacy of Transit Service Hours (175-175)
Non-Flight Crew (176-176)
Getting Information about Ground Access (177-177)
Ground Access Information on the San Francisco Airport Website (178-180)
Ground Access Information on the Portland (Oregon) Airport Website (181-181)
Ground Access Information on the Boston Airport Website (182-182)
Ground Access Information on the New York JFK Airport Website (183-184)
Ground Access Information on the Atlanta Airport Website (185-185)
Ground Access Information on the Amsterdam Airport Website (186-187)
Ground Access Planning on the Narita Airport Website (188-189)
Ground Access Information on the London Heathrow Airport Website (190-190)
Ground Access Information on the Zurich Airport Website (191-191)
The Baltimore/Washington International Airport Prototype Ground Access Module (192-192)
Passenger Information Provided by Other Agencies (193-194)
Conclusions (195-195)
Step 2: Undertake the Program for Data Gathering and System Monitoring (196-196)
Step 5: Manage the Airport to Encourage Higher Occupancy (197-197)
Step 6: Present the Ground Access Services to the Traveler (198-198)
References (199-200)
Appendix - Abbreviations and Acronyms (201-202)
Abbreviations used without definitions in TRB publications (203-203)

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OCR for page 132
132 Ground Access to Major Airports by Public Transportation Documentation of Examples of Integrated Services Tables 5-3 through 5-6 summarize the status of various levels of integrated services around the world: · Service from a downtown terminal to the local airport, with baggage (Table 5-3) · Service from a downtown terminal to an airport in another city, with baggage (Table 5-4) · Service to the local airport, no baggage (Table 5-5) · Baggage check-in at points adjacent to the airport (Table 5-6) Table 5-3. Facilities with direct local airport connections--history of baggage service. What Happened to the City and Terminal Airport and Airport What Was Offered as Off- Off-Airport Terminal Identification Connection Airport Terminal Service Services? London Victoria London Gatwick Airport by Baggage check-in for Check-in service Rail Station express dedicated rail and British Airways and discontinued because by shared rail American Airlines of economic costs London Heathrow Airport by Baggage check-in for most Check-in service Paddington Rail express dedicated rail airlines serving Heathrow discontinued because Station of economic costs Hong Kong Hong Kong International Baggage check-in for most Check-in services now Downtown and Airport by dedicated rail; airlines serving Hong Kong being re-examined by Kowloon Island connections to shared rail International Airport for rail company Rail Stations holders of express rail management for ticket economic costs Vienna Central Dedicated and shared rail Baggage check-in for In operation Airlines Terminal services to Vienna Airport many airlines, and to USA; bags go in double-deck rail car Moscow Downtown Dedicated train to Baggage check-in for In operation Rail Station Domodedovo Airport selected airlines Kuala Lumpur Dedicated rail service to Baggage check-in for Baggage check-in now Sentral Station Kuala Lumpur Airport many airlines; through- operating; through baggage check-out check-out planned for planned for 2007 November 2007 Madrid Nuevos Shared, traditional rapid Baggage check-in offered Check-in discontinued Ministerios Check- transit to Barajas Airport for One World and Star in 2006 in Terminal Alliance Airlines Osaka Central Several rail services Baggage check-in for most System discontinued for Airlines Terminal connected the complex to airlines unnamed reasons Kansai Airport Munich Main Two check-in counters Riders could choose rail or Discontinued for lack of Railway Station were built in central station bus. Bags were all carried customer use for Lufthansa only by bus Union Station Direct dedicated bus Third-party baggage Commenced in 2006 Downtown Los service to LAX service for $5 per rider Angeles Zurich Main Rail No dedicated track areas­ Airline baggage check-in Some kiosks in Station no dedicated seats on offered by railroad for $15 operation trains per bag Tokyo Central Dedicated express bus Full baggage check-in and Discontinued in 2002 Airlines Terminal service to Narita Airport; partial customs clearance after pull-out by U.S. no rail flights

OCR for page 133
Integrated Baggage and Ticketing Strategies 133 Table 5-4. Facilities designed for the intercity access trip. What Happened to the City and Terminal Airport and Airport What Was Offered as Off- Off-Airport Terminal Identification Connection Airport Terminal Service Services? Cologne Rail High-speed intercity rail Baggage check-in for Through ticketing and Station with seats dedicated to air Lufthansa, Star Alliance; baggage underutilized; ticket holders separate three-letter code future uncertain allows check-out return Stuttgart Rail High speed intercity rail Baggage check-in for Joint air/rail ticketing Station with seats dedicated to Lufthansa, Star Alliance; and baggage under- joint air rail ticket holders separate three-letter code utilized; future uncertain allows check-out return Air France Check- High speed intercity rail Baggage check-in for In operation in at Brussels Main with seats dedicated to holder of Air France joint Station joint air rail ticket holders air/rail ticket; passengers must rejoin their bags at CDG Airport Bern Rail Station Shared boarding area for Airline baggage check-in In operation train direct to Zurich Airport offered by railroad for $15 per bag; check-in 20 minutes before train Florence Allows baggage check-in Limited baggage In operation Downtown Rail for Pisa Airport Station Magdeburg Rail Shared rail connection to Bags travel by truck for $15 Ceased operation in Station Germany Leipzig/Halle Airport, per person. 2007 baggage check-in between 6 p.m. and 9 p.m. night before flight Table 5-5. Dedicated rail service--no history of baggage handling. What Happened to the City and Terminal Airport and Airport What Was Offered as Off- Off-Airport Terminal Identification Connection Airport Terminal Service Services? Milan Cadorna Rail Dedicated train to Milan No baggage check-in Kiosks available for Station Airport those with no baggage Stockholm Central Separate boarding area No baggage check-in Kiosks were tried for Station for dedicated train to those with no baggage; Arlanda Airport now discontinued Oslo Central Station Separate boarding area No baggage check-in Kiosks available for for dedicated trains to those with no baggage Oslo Airport Rome Central Separate boarding area No baggage check-in No services Station for dedicated train to Rome da Vinci Airport

OCR for page 134
134 Ground Access to Major Airports by Public Transportation Table 5-6. Near-airport off-site facilities. What Happened to the City and Terminal Airport and Airport What Was Offered as Off- Off-Airport Terminal Identification Connection Airport Terminal Service Services? Düsseldorf Airport People mover from high- Baggage check-in for Service discontinued High-Speed Rail speed rail station to airline most airlines in airport because of lack of Station terminal area customer interest Newark Rail People mover from rail Baggage check-in for Service discontinued Station station to airport Continental Airlines because of lack of customer interest Jamaica Station, People mover to JFK Shell was prepared if Service never started Queens NYC airport airlines were interested because of lack of airline interest Anthony Station in People mover from No facilities No facilities RER-B for Orly regional rail station to Airport Paris Orly Airport