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Rights & Permissions Free PDF Access Sign in to download PDF book and chapters Free Resources Display this book on your site! Related Titles ACRP Report 10: Innovations for Airport Terminal Facilities ACRP Report 34: Handbook to Assess the Impacts of Constrained Parking at Airports Other Related Titles ACRP Report 4: Ground Access to Major Airports by Public Transportation (2008) Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Citation Manager Export the bibliographic data for this book in your chosen format Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Citation Manager Coogan, Matthew A, Transportation Research Board. "References." ACRP Report 4: Ground Access to Major Airports by Public Transportation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2008. Please select a format: Page 199   E-mail Share on facebook Facebook Share on delicious Delicious Share on stumbleupon Stumble Share on twitter Twitter More Sharing ServicesMore Page 199 Front Matter (R1-R12) Summary (1-14) Chapter 1 - Six Steps in a Market-Based Strategy for Improving Airport Ground Access (15-15) Coordinate with the Regional Planning Process (16-17) Data Collection for the Airport Ground Access Survey (18-19) Data Collection to Monitor the Performance of the System (20-20) Geographic Scale of the Airport Ground Access Markets (21-21) Density and Market Support Associated with Specific Modes (22-23) Best Practices in the United States: Examples of Market Types at U.S. Airports (24-24) Lessons Learned from Successful Systems (25-26) Summary: Designing to Deal with Revealed Attributes (27-27) Best Practices in the United States: Service Based on Markets (28-28) Encouraging the Use of High-Occupancy Service (29-29) Learning from Recent U.S. Airport Designs (30-30) Step 6: Present Information about Ground Access Services to the Traveler (31-31) Conclusion (32-33) Understanding the Scale of Airport Ground Access (34-34) The Scale of the Public Mode Volumes at These Airports (35-35) What Has Happened over the Last Decade? (36-38) Trip Purpose: Why Do Airline Passengers Travel? (41-43) National Patterns of Access to Airports and Terminals (44-44) Daily Public Mode Volumes to Airports (45-45) Implications for Choice of Ground Access Mode (46-47) Ground Access Issues and the Regional Planning Process (48-49) Environmental Approvals in Europe (50-50) What's Next? (51-51) Understanding Successful Airport Ground Access Systems (52-52) Does Airport Size Explain Ridership? (53-53) Does the Quality of the Airport Connection Explain Ridership? (54-54) Does Line-Haul Speed Explain High Ridership? (55-57) Is Higher Speed or Directness of Service More Important? (58-60) The Implications of Dedicated Premium Service (61-61) Berlin Brandenburg Airport (62-62) Chicago Midway and O'Hare Airports (63-63) Summing It Up (64-64) Desired Attributes of Van and Bus Service to U.S. Airports (65-66) What's Next? (67-67) Part 1: Best Practices at U.S. Airports (68-68) Tier 1 (69-69) San Francisco (23% Market Share) (70-70) Boston (18% Market Share) (71-72) Oakland (15% Market Share) (73-73) New Orleans (15% Market Share) (74-74) Atlanta (14% Market Share) (75-75) Denver (14% Market Share) (76-76) Los Angeles (13% Market Share) (77-77) Baltimore/Washington (12% Market Share) (78-78) Chicago O'Hare (12% Market Share) (79-79) Tier 2 (80-80) Seattle (11% Market Share) (81-81) Chicago Midway (9% Market Share) (82-82) San Diego (9% Market Share) (83-83) Washington Dulles (8% Market Share) (84-84) New York LaGuardia (8% Market Share) (85-85) Philadelphia (7% Market Share) (86-86) Dallas/Fort Worth (6% Market Share) (87-87) Cleveland (6% Market Share) (88-88) Part 2: Best Practices at European and Asian Airports (89-90) Oslo (64% Market Share) (91-91) Hong Kong (63% Market Share) (92-92) Narita (59% Market Share) (93-93) Zurich (47% Market Share) (94-94) Vienna (41% Market Share) (95-95) London Stansted (40% Market Share) (96-96) Paris Charles de Gaulle (40% Market Share) (97-97) Amsterdam (37% Market Share) (98-98) Munich (36% Market Share) (99-99) London Heathrow (36% Market Share) (100-100) Stockholm (34% Market Share) (101-101) Frankfurt (33% Market Share) (102-102) Geneva (28% Market Share) (103-103) Brussels (26% Market Share) (104-104) Dsseldorf (22% Market Share) (105-106) Part 1: Baggage Strategies for Local Originating Passengers (107-107) The Importance of Baggage-Handling Strategies (108-108) A Case Study in Baggage Check-in at a Downtown Terminal (109-111) Status of Other Downtown Check-in Terminals (112-116) Near-Airport Check-in Locations (117-118) Part 2: Integration of Ticketing and Baggage with Longer Distance Systems (119-119) Integration with National Systems: The GAO Study (120-121) Why Integrate an Airport with Longer Distance Ground Services? (122-124) Part 3: Evolving Strategies for Integrated Ticketing and Baggage (125-125) Las Vegas Strategies for Integration of Modal Services (126-126) Los Angeles International Airport to Union Station (127-127) Newark Liberty International Airport Rail Station: A Case Study (128-130) Lessons Learned: Integration with National Systems (131-131) Documentation of Examples of Integrated Services (132-134) Characteristics of the Airport Ground Access Market (135-135) Demographic Characteristics of Air Travelers (136-137) Step 1: Decide What Information to Collect (138-138) Step 2: Select a Data Collection Method (139-140) Step 3: Determine the Sampling Frame and Sampling Method (141-141) Step 5: Summarize and Analyze the Results (142-142) Air Traveler Trip-End Densities Associated with Ground Transportation Markets (143-144) The Geography of Public Ground Transportation to Airports (145-146) A Hierarchy of Markets for Public Ground Transportation Services (147-147) Variation by Demographic Segment: Total Airport Market (148-148) Variation by Demographic Segment: Washington, D.C. (149-150) Applying the Four Market Segments: Looking for the Factor of Familiarity (151-151) Conclusion (152-152) The Need to Manage Services (153-153) Measures to Encourage Use of Public Transportation (154-155) Automated Traffic Monitoring and Management Programs (156-156) Open Access (157-157) Balancing Supply and Demand (158-158) Challenges of Introducing New Services (159-159) Competition and Enforcement (160-160) Bond Indenture (161-161) Airline Agreement (162-162) Sources of Funding (163-163) Federal Funding and Financial Oversight of Airports and Airport Access Projects (164-166) Environmental Implications of Federal Funding for Airport Access Projects (167-167) Factors That Influence Employee Use of Public Transportation (168-168) Transit Service Characteristics (169-170) Employee Characteristics (171-172) Comparative Comfort of Transit and Automobile (173-173) Availability, Cost, and Convenience of Parking at the Work Site (174-174) Extent and Adequacy of Transit Service Hours (175-175) Non-Flight Crew (176-176) Getting Information about Ground Access (177-177) Ground Access Information on the San Francisco Airport Website (178-180) Ground Access Information on the Portland (Oregon) Airport Website (181-181) Ground Access Information on the Boston Airport Website (182-182) Ground Access Information on the New York JFK Airport Website (183-184) Ground Access Information on the Atlanta Airport Website (185-185) Ground Access Information on the Amsterdam Airport Website (186-187) Ground Access Planning on the Narita Airport Website (188-189) Ground Access Information on the London Heathrow Airport Website (190-190) Ground Access Information on the Zurich Airport Website (191-191) The Baltimore/Washington International Airport Prototype Ground Access Module (192-192) Passenger Information Provided by Other Agencies (193-194) Conclusions (195-195) Step 2: Undertake the Program for Data Gathering and System Monitoring (196-196) Step 5: Manage the Airport to Encourage Higher Occupancy (197-197) Step 6: Present the Ground Access Services to the Traveler (198-198) References (199-200) Appendix - Abbreviations and Acronyms (201-202) Abbreviations used without definitions in TRB publications (203-203)

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References 1. FAA. New England Regional Aviation System Plan, October 2006. 2. Adler, T. Air Travelers 2002/2003: The New Realities? Resource Systems Group, March 2003. 3. Air Transport Action Group. The America's Air Traffic: 1985-2011. Geneva, 1998. 4. Aaronson, R. Quoted in "World's Airports Expect Nine Billion Passengers in 2025," Travel Daily News, February 2007. www.traveldailynews.com/new.asp?newid=35188&subcategory_id=53 5. Southern California Association of Governments. "Regional Aviation Plan for the 2001 Regional Transportation Plan," 2001. 6. Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments. Washington-Baltimore Regional Airport System Plan Ground Access Update, 2007. 7. Los Angeles World Airports. LAX Master Plan Documents. www.laxmasterplan.org 8. Wen, Y., K. Yan, X. Qiao, and J. Shi. "The Characteristic Analysis of Passengers' Selection of Ground Transport Mode Connecting Shanghai Pudong International Airport and the Downtown Area," paper presented at the 85th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, 2006, Washington, D.C., Compendium of Papers CD-ROM. 9. Noble, R., and the Mass Transit Railway Corporation. "Hong Kong's Airport Express: Lessons from the First Two Months Operations," paper presented at the Air Rail 98 Conference, Frankfurt, Germany, 1998. 10. Hinz, G. "CTA Shelves Plans for Airport Express Trains," Crain's Chicago Business News, October 2006. 11. Metropolitan Transportation Authority New York, NY website (Planning Section). 12. Data for Oakland and San Francisco based on Metropolitan Transportation Commission Year 2002 surveys and San Francisco International Airport Ground Access Survey 2006. Oakland rail share calculated from AirBART ridership data. 13. Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Ground Access Surveys, 2005. 14. MarketSense, from Massachusetts Port Authority Surveys, 2003. 15. National Capital Region Transportation Planning Board, Metropolitan Washington Council of Govern- ments, Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority, and Maryland Aviation Administration. 2005 Washington-Baltimore Regional Air Passenger Survey, January 2006. 16. Leigh Fisher Associates, M.A. Coogan, and MarketSense. TCRP Report 62: Improving Public Transportation Access to Large Airports. TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 2000. 17. MarketSense, from Atlanta Airport, 2005. 18. Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority, Division of Planning and Policy Development. 1990 Rail Passenger Study, p.14. 19. MarketSense, from Los Angeles World Airports, 2001. 20. Resource System Group. Chicago Origin-Destination Survey Report, January 2004. 21. Chicago Transit Authority, Strategic Planning Department. O'Hare Airport Ground Travel Survey, June 1990. 22. MarketSense, from SEATAC Airport Surveys, 2006. 23. Jacobs Consultancy. Terminal Access Study, Portland International Airport, March 2005. 24. Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Surveys, 1992 and 1997. 25. MarketSense, from Philadelphia International Airport Ground Access Survey. 26. Wilson, Hewitt & Associates. Philadelphia International Airport Ground Transportation Passenger Survey, Interpretation of Survey Results, 1986. 27. Meyer, K., C. Schmid, B. Steimann, R. Windisch. Vergleich internationaler Flughäfen, Projekt 42, Zurich Airport Authority, 2005. 28. MTRC. Personal communication, 2005. 29. Soo, E. "Determining Passenger Demands and Customer Service Requirements," paper presented at the Air Rail East West Conference, Hong Kong, 1998. 199

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200 Ground Access to Major Airports by Public Transportation 30. Civil Aviation Authority. CAA Passenger Survey Report 2004, Survey of Passengers at Gatwick, Heathrow, Luton, Manchester & Stansted Airports. 31. Aéroports de Paris. Personal communication. 32. International AirRail Organization (IARO). Schiphol Airport. 33. Munich Airport website, www.munich-airport.de/en/consumer/index.jsp. 34. Bayman, R. "Positioning Commuter Rail Services to Serve Airports: Who Needs the Metro?" Paper presented at the Air/Rail East West Conference, Frankfurt, Germany, 1998 35. Civil Aviation Authority. Surveys, 1997. 36. Pavaux, J. "Rail/Air Complementarity in Europe: The Impact of High Speed Train Services." Institute of Air Transport, Paris, 1991. 37. Sharp, A., and P. LeBlond. IARO Report 10.06: Check-in on Airport Railways; Draft for Consultation, Inter- national Air Rail Organisation, London. 38. Kriger, E., "DUS Rail Access, History Development, Experiences," presentation at the eAirRail Conference, Düsseldorf, Germany, April 4, 2006 (Survey in 2002). 39. American Travel Survey, 1995. 40. GAO. Intermodal Transportation: Potential Strategies Would Redefine Federal Role in Developing Airport Intermodal Capabilities, 2005. 41. Jones, C. "Remote Baggage Checks Coming to Airport." Las Vegas Review Journal, May 27, 2005. 42. Bags to Go Enterprises. www.baggagecheckin.com 43. New Jersey Transit. Ongoing program of monitoring. 44. I-95 Corridor Coalition. "Intermodal Service at the Newark Liberty International Airport Train Station: Observations and Lessons Learned," October 2004. 66.167.232.132/pm/projectmanagement/Upfiles/reports/ full268.pdf 45. Elmore-Yalch, R. TCRP Report 36: A Handbook: Using Market Segmentation to Increase Transit Ridership, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1998. 46. Blakenship, A.B., and G.E. Breen. State of the Art of Market Research. American Marketing Association, Chicago, 1996. 47. Leigh Fisher Associates, M.A. Coogan, and MarketSense. TCRP Report 83: Strategies for Improving Public Transportation Access to Large Airports, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 2002. 48. Lehr, F. "Vienna International Airport­AirRail 2007." Proceedings from International Air Rail Organi- zation, 2007.