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TCRP Synthesis 75: Uses of Higher Capacity Buses in Transit Service (2008)
Transit Cooperative Research Program Synthesis Program (TCRPSYNTH)

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Hemily, Brendon, King, Rolland D, Transportation Research Board. "Future Plans for Higher Capacity Buses." TCRP Synthesis 75: Uses of Higher Capacity Buses in Transit Service. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2008.

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Front Matter (R1-R9)
Summary (1-3)
Historical Perspective (4-5)
Approach (6-6)
Types of Service Using Higher Capacity Buses (7-8)
Reasons for Implementing Higher Capacity Buses (9-10)
Facilities or Infrastructure Modifications (11-11)
Actions Taken to Reduce Dwell Time (12-13)
Experience with Higher Capacity Buses (14-14)
Agency-Reported Customer Acceptance of Higher Capacity Buses (15-15)
Issues or Concerns Raised with Use of Higher Capacity Buses (16-16)
Vehicle Features and Amenities (17-18)
Wheelchair Equipment and Passenger Experience (19-19)
Spare Ratios for Higher Capacity Buses (20-20)
Future Plans for Higher Capacity Buses (21-21)
Regional Transportation District (Denver, Colorado): Higher Capacity Buses as a Component of a Family of Services (22-24)
Victoria Regional Transit System/BC Transit: Search for Higher Capacity in an Older City Context (25-33)
ChampaignUrbana (Illinois) Mass Transit District: Small Systems Can Effectively Use Higher Capacity Buses (34-37)
Operating Performance of Current Higher Capacity Buses (38-42)
A Look at the Future (43-43)
Capital Costs of Higher Capacity Buses (44-45)
Experience with Higher Capacity Buses (46-47)
Safety Issues (48-48)
Infrastructure Issues (49-49)
Other Operational Issues (50-52)
Trade-Offs in Using Higher Capacity Buses (53-53)
Vehicle Design Issues (54-54)
Chapter Six - Conclusions (55-57)
References (58-59)
Appendix A - Surveys of Transit Agencies and Bus Manufacturers (60-67)
Appendix B - Study Participants (68-68)
Appendix C - Regulations on Vehicle Size and Weight (69-71)
Abbreviations used without definitions in TRB publications (72-72)

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22 TABLE 27 VEHICLE OPERATING EXPERIENCES REPORTED FOR 45-FT BUSES Operating Experience Compared with Standard 40-ft Bus Performance Measure Better Same Poorer Unknown Acceleration 6 (46%) 7 (54%) Grade Climbing 7 (54%) 5 (38%) 1 (7%) Road Clearance 3 (23%) 7 (54%) 3 (23%) Turning Maneuverability 2 (15%) 3 (23%) 8 (62%) Fuel Economy 4 (31%) 6 (46%) 2 (15%) 1 (7%) Range 7 (54%) 4 (31%) 2 (15%) Reliability 6 (46%) 4 (31%) 1 (7%) 2 (15%) Availability 6 (46%) 6 (46%) 1 (7%) Road Calls 8 (62%) 3 (23%) 1 (7%) 1 (7%) Other Source: Transit agency survey responses. Based on 13 fleets, because one transit agency did not have standard 40-ft buses for comparison. TABLE 28 The agencies reporting a lower spare ratio for their SPARE RATIOS FOR HIGHER CAPACITY double-deck and 45-ft buses also reported better mainte- BUS FLEETS nance and reliability experiences with their HC buses. Spare Ratio Those agencies reporting a lower spare ratio for their ar- Type of HC Bus Higher Same Lower ticulated fleets generally report the same maintenance and Articulated 19% 54% 27% reliability experiences with their articulated fleets. One Double-Deck 67% 33% agency indicated that the spare ratio depended on the par- 45-ft 8% 50% 42% ticular sub-fleet. Source: Transit agency survey responses. articulated buses, there has not been a widespread need to have a larger spare ratio than the norm. FUTURE PLANS FOR HIGHER CAPACITY BUSES The six agencies reporting a higher spare ratio for their The transit agencies provided some insight into their plans HC buses provided the following reasons: for future operations with HC buses, which are summarized in Table 29. Overall, it is clear that respondents valued · Three were for BRT applications and a small number of the contribution of HC buses: 61% planned to expand their vehicles in the fleet, and existing HC fleets with more of the same type of vehicle, and · Three were for reliability and maintenance needs of 35% had plans to deploy a new type of HC bus to their over- their particular HC sub-fleet. all fleet. TABLE 29 PLANS FOR FUTURE HIGHER CAPACITY OPERATIONS Have Plans Type of HC Vehicle Expansion/Deployment Yes No Unknown Articulated Double-Deck 45-ft a More of the Same Type 19 7 5 10 2 8 of HC Bus a Plans to Add a New Type 11 14 6 6 3 1 of HC Bus Source: Transit agency survey responses. a One transit agency has plans for using articulated trolleybuses.