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Guidelines for Transportation Emergency Training Exercises
ATTACHMENT 1 NRP AND NIMS REFERENCE MATERIALS
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Guidelines for Transportation Emergency Training Exercises
National Response Plan and National Incident Management System
Requirements for Transportation Agencies
In addressing requirements identified in the National Response Plan and the National Incident Management System, prior to
conducting emergency exercises, most transportation agencies will, at a minimum, have to perform the following activities:
Review National Response Plan/National Incident Management System requirements and identify the elements relevant
for the transportation agency in coordinating with its emergency response communities at the local/regional/state level.
Review protocols developed by local/regional/state emergency management agencies and emergency response agen-
cies to support implementation of the National Incident Management System. Identify impacts on transportation activi-
ties and emergency response functions.
Revise memorandum of understanding/memorandum of agreement with local/regional/state emergency management
agencies and emergency responders to reflect National Incident Management System requirements and to formalize
mutual aid protocols (required in both the National Response Plan and the National Incident Management System).
Revise the transportation agency's emergency operations plan to reflect National Response Plan and National Incident
Management System organizational structures, terminology, definitions of emergency and of incidents of national signifi-
cance, revised memoranda of understanding/memoranda of agreement, and local/regional/state communication and
coordination protocols.
Provide a copy of the revised transportation emergency operations plan to the local/regional/state emergency manage-
ment agency.
Develop a system for 24/7 emergency notification from/communication with local/regional/state emergency manage-
ment agency and/or emergency operations center.
Review existing transportation commitments to city/county/state emergency operations plans, verify transportation
agency resources, and document emergency management capacity.
Develop an inventory of the transportation agency's emergency management capacity and update it annually, submit-
ting the revised inventory to the appropriate local/regional/state emergency management agency.
Designate a member of the transportation agency to participate in city/county emergency management agency board
meetings, training, and other activities.
Designate a member of the transportation agency to serve as a contact person for the local/regional/state emergency
coordinator on matters in connection with the local/regional/state incident management system protocol.
Develop a procedure to provide the local/regional/state emergency operations center with information received from
transportation personnel regarding the traffic capacity along routes and any unusual incidents that may impact emer-
gency services, and keep the emergency operations center regularly informed of any route changes.
Revise transportation emergency operating procedures to reflect National Response Plan/National Incident Manage-
ment System terminology and protocols, revised memoranda of understanding/memoranda of agreement with
local/regional/state emergency management and response agencies, and revised commitments to city/county/state
emergency operations plans.
Designate a representative from the transportation agency to serve as a liaison with the local/regional/state emergency
management agency and to report to the local/regional/state emergency operations center upon activation.
Prepare to provide, at the incident scene, a representative, if requested to do so by the local/regional/state emergency
management agency or emergency responders, to assist in coordinating the provision of the transportation agency's
services.
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Guidelines for Transportation Emergency Training Exercises
Participate in the training conducted by the local/regional/state emergency management agency and assist, to the
degree the transportation agency deems appropriate, the local/regional/state emergency management agency in the
development and delivery of training programs in connection with the local/regional/state incident management system.
Develop a formal process for addressing requests from the local/regional/state emergency management agency or
emergency operations center in connection with the response to and recovery from a major emergency incident.
Prepare and update training to reflect revised transportation emergency plans, procedures, and coordination protocols
with local/regional/state emergency management agencies and emergency responders.
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Guidelines for Transportation Emergency Training Exercises
Primary Response Components and Activities in NIMS and the NRP
Response Activities Performed by Local Agencies Activities Performed by the
Element to Establish NIMS/NRP Command and Transportation Agency to
Coordinating Response Structure Integrate into NIMS/NRP
Response Structure
On-Scene Local responders establish incident Transportation agency establishes its
Command command system (ICS) on-scene, incident management system (IMS)
Structure including: on-scene, including:
Incident commander Transportation incident
Incident command post commander
Activation of incident command Transportation command post
sections Activation of transportation field
Incident logistics center organization
Incident communications framework Transportation field
Incident action planning communications
Use of ICS incident action planning Liaison role with responder ICS
and support/recording forms Incident briefing and scene safety
Transportation participation in
local responder incident action
planning
Transportation incident activity
log
Expanded On- Local responders expand ICS to unified Transportation role is established in
Scene Command command, including: supporting unified command,
Structure Unified commander including:
Unified command structure Participation in unified command
Activation and staffing of ICS sections or liaison with unified command
under unified command Continued activation of
Communications framework to support transportation field organization
unified command Transportation field
Incident action plan (IAP) for unified communications framework to
command interface with unified command
Use of ICS IAP and support/recording Transportation briefing and scene
forms for unified command safety
Transportation participation in
incident action planning
Oversight of On- Local responders expand unified command Transportation role is established in
Scene Command to establish unified area command, supporting unified area command,
Structure including: including:
Unified area command structure and Transportation support for
members multiple command posts/incident
Overall incident priorities scenes
Allocation of critical resources based Transportation participation in
on identified priorities unified area command or liaison
Support for integrated management of with unified area command
each incident Transportation support for
Support for communications across priorities established by unified
incidents area command
Identification and reporting of Transportation support for
resource needs resource allocation and
identification of additional
resources required
Transportation field
communications framework
Multiagency Emergency operations centers (EOCs) are Transportation establishes its
Coordination established to support incident response, coordinating structure to support local
Systems-- including: incident response, including:
Emergency Activation and staffing of department Activation and staffing of a
Operations Centers operations centers (DOCs), linked to transportation EOC to support
(EOCs ) incident command post, to support transportation field response.
individual agency response (e.g., fire, Setting up a designated
police, and emergency medical communication link between the
services) transportation EOC and the
Activation and staffing of local/county transportation command post
(continued)
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Guidelines for Transportation Emergency Training Exercises
(Continued)
Response Activities Performed by Local Agencies Activities Performed by the
Element to Establish NIMS/NRP Command and Transportation Agency to
Coordinating Response Structure Integrate into NIMS/NRP
Response Structure
EOCs by personnel representing Coordination with EOCs
multiple jurisdictions and functional established at the
disciplines, organized to local/county/state level, including
provide/coordinate information and the dispatching of transportation
resources and to support long-term representatives to
analysis and planning local/county/state EOCs and the
Activation and staffing of state EOCs designation of electronic and
to assume responsibility for telephonic means of
coordination of information and communication.
resources to support state incident Coordination with federal EOCs as
management activities necessary and requested
Activation and staffing of the Regional
Response Coordination Center (RRCC)
as a standing facility operated by
FEMA to coordinate regional response
efforts, establish federal priorities, and
implement federal support
Activation and staffing of a joint field
office (JFO) as a temporary federal
facility established locally to
coordinate operational federal
assistance to the affected
jurisdiction(s). The JFO takes over
from the RRCC.
Activation and staffing of the
Homeland Security Operations Center
(HSOC) to serve as the primary
national hub for domestic incident
management operational coordination
and situational awareness. Also shares
homeland security information with
local/regional/state and federal EOCs.
Multiagency Coordination entities are established to Transportation is prepared to support
Coordination manage federal resources at the scene, multiagency coordination entities,
Entities including: including:
JFO coordination group, which Coordination with federal
coordinates the request and delivery multiagency coordination entities
of federal assistance and support from as necessary, required, or
various special teams composed of requested.
federal and state personnel.
The Interagency Incident Management
Group (IIMG), which is a federal
headquarters-level entity that
facilitates federal domestic incident
management for incidents of national
significance. The IIMG membership is
flexible and can be tailored or task-
organized to provide the appropriate
subject-matter expertise required for
the specific threat or incident.
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Guidelines for Transportation Emergency Training Exercises
Tiers of Response
TIER ONE: LOCAL PLANNING AND RESPONSE
LOCAL EMERGENCY MEDICAL
LOCAL EMERGENCY LOCAL
RESPONDERS RESPONDERS
MANAGEMENT AGENCY EMERGENCY
(LAW ENFORCEMENT, (LOCAL PUBLIC
(EMA) /EMERGENCY PLANNING
SPECIAL WEAPONS & HEALTH,
OPERATIONS CENTER COMMITTEE
TACTICS, FIRE, EMS, HOSPITALS,
(EOC) (LEPC)
HAZMAT, CORONER, ETC.) CLINICS, ETC.)
LOCAL OTHER AGENCIES
PUBLIC WORKS/ TRANSPORTATION PRIVATE WITH
UTILITIES/ AND TRANSIT TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AGENCIES/TMCs PROVIDERS RESOURCES AND
AND STATE DOTs NEEDS
TIER TWO: REGIONAL AND STATE PLANNING AND RESPONSE
STATE
REGIONAL STATE EMERGENCY
STATE LAW DEPARTMENTS OF
MUTUAL AID MANAGEMENT
ENFORCEMENT PUBLIC HEALTH,
RESPONDERS AGENCY AND
AND FIRE ENVIRONMENT
(OTHER LOCAL DEPARTMENT OF
SERVICES AND WORKER
JURISDICTIONS) HOMELAND SECURITY
SAFETY
STATE STATE OTHER STATE
STATE NATIONAL
DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENTS
GUARD
TRANSPORTATION AGRICULTURE AND RESOURCES
TIER THREE: FEDERAL PLANNING AND RESPONSE
DEPARTMENT OF
HOMELAND DEPARTMENTS OF
FEDERAL BUREAU ENVIRONMENTAL
SECURITY HEALTH AND
OF PROTECTION
(INCLUDING FEMA, HUMAN SERVICES,
INVESTIGATION AGENCY
G&T, TSA, AND ENERGY
CUSTOMS, etc.)
U.S. MILITARY
NUCLEAR U.S. DEPARTMENT (INCLUDING CENTERS FOR
REGULATORY OF COAST GUARD DISEASE
COMMISSION TRANSPORTATION AND CORPS OF CONTROL
ENGINEERS)
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National Response Plan Components
ESF #5 Emergency ESF #10 Oil & ESF #15 External
Basic Plan Management Hazardous Materials Affairs
ESF #4 Firefighting ESF # 9 Urban ESF #14 Long-Term
Search and Rescue Recovery
ESF #3 Infrastructure ESF #8 Public Health ESF #13 Law
& Medical Services Enforcement
ESF #2
ESF #7 Resource ESF #12 Energy
Communications
Support & Logistics
ESF #1 Management
ESF #6 Mass Care, ESF #11 Agriculture &
Transportation Housing & Human Natural Resources
Services
Emergency
Support Function
(ESF) Annexes
Cyber Response
JFO SOP
Donations Management
Food Safety and
PFO SOP
Logistics Agriculture Response
HSOC SOP Terrorism Response
Mitigation
IIMG SOP Biological Response
Law
Private-Sector Natural Resources Nuclear/Radiological
Coordination Response
Financial Management Community Relations Hazardous Materials
Response
NRP Changes and
Worker Safety and Congressional Affairs Catastrophic Incident Updates
Health Response Acronyms and
Public Affairs Abbreviations
Support Annexes Incident Annexes Terms and Definitions
Appendices
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Guidelines for Transportation Emergency Training Exercises
National Response Plan and National Incident Management System
National Incident Management System (NIMS)
Standardized processes and procedures for
incident management
NIMS aligns command, control,
organization structure, terminology,
communication protocols, resources
and resource-typing for
synchronization of response efforts at
all echelons of government.
Incident
Local
Support or DHS integrates
Response and applies Federal
resources both pre- and
State postincident
Support or
Response
Federal
Support or
Response
National Response Plan (NRP)
NRP is activated for Activation and proactive application of
incidents of national significance
integrated federal resources
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Guidelines for Transportation Emergency Training Exercises
Comparison of NIMS and the NRP
NIMS NRP
Purpose
NIMS provides a consistent, flexible, and The NRP provides a core operational plan for national incident
adjustable national framework within which management. It establishes national-level coordinating
government and private entities at all levels can structures, mechanisms for national-level policy, and operational
work together to manage domestic incidents, coordination for domestic incident management that must be
regardless of their cause, size, location, or incorporated into existing federal interagency incident plans.
complexity. This flexibility applies across all phases
of incident management: prevention,
preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation.
Components
Command and Management--incident Base Plan--concept of operations, coordinating structures,
command system (ICS), multiagency roles and responsibilities, definitions, etc.
coordination centers (i.e., emergency Emergency Support Function Annexes--groups
operations centers, or EOCs), and public capabilities and resources into functions that are most likely
information needed during an incident (e.g., transportation, firefighting,
Preparedness--emergency operations plans, and mass care)
procedures, training, and progressive exercise Support Annexes--describes common processes and
program specific administrative requirements (e.g., public affairs,
Resource Management--standard resource financial management, and worker safety & health)
typing (use of emergency support functions) Incident Annexes--outlines core procedures and roles and
and inventories responsibilities for specific contingencies (e.g., biological,
Communications/Information radiological, and cyber incident, and hazmat spills)
Management--defined protocols and Appendixes--glossary, acronyms, authorities, and
interoperable communications compendium of national interagency plans
Supporting Technologies--dispatch/
communications, incident management,
personal protective equipment, and detection
equipment
Ongoing Management and Maintenance--
NIMS Integration Center, available at
http://www.fema.gov/nims/
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Guidelines for Transportation Emergency Training Exercises
Applicability
NIMS is applicable across all levels of government The NRP is applicable to all federal departments and agencies
and emergency organizations, and that may be requested to provide assistance in actual or
nongovernmental and private-sector organizations. potential incidents of national significance that require a
Adoption of NIMS by state and local organizations coordinated and effective response by an appropriate
is a condition of federal preparedness assistance. combination of federal, state, local, tribal, private-sector, and
National Incident Management Compliance nongovernmental entities.
Assessment Tool (NIMCAST) submissions can be
made now. Partial compliance is required by FY
2006; full compliance is required by FY 2007.
Command and Coordination Structure
NIMS also provides a set of standardized The NRP organizational structure addresses site-specific incident
organizational structures--such as the incident management activities and the broader regional or national
command system (ICS), multiagency coordination issues related to the incident, such as impacts on the rest of the
systems, and public information systems--as well country, immediate regional or national actions required to avert
as requirements for processes, procedures, and or prepare for potential subsequent events, and the management
systems designed to improve interoperability of multiple threats or incidents. This structure includes:
among jurisdictions and disciplines in various
areas, including the following: training, resource National Incident Management System Command and
management, personnel qualification and Coordination Structure (command posts, single/unified/area
certification, equipment certification, command, and state, local, tribal and private-sector
communications and information management, emergency operations centers)
technology support, and continuous system Joint field office (JFO), which is responsible for coordinating
improvement. Specific elements of NIMS command federal assistance and supporting incident management
and coordination structure include: activities
National Response Coordinating Center (NRCC), Regional
Command posts on-scene using the incident Response Coordinating Center (RRCC), and Homeland
command system Security Operations Center (HSOC), which serve as regional
Incident command system/unified command and national-level multiagency situational awareness and
Area command/unified area command (if operational coordination centers
needed) Interagency Incident Management Group (IIMG), which
State, local, tribal, and private-sector serves as the national headquarters-level multiagency
emergency operations centers, with resources coordination entity for domestic incident management
typed according to the 15 emergency support Homeland Security Council (HSC) and other White House
functions (ESFs) in the NRP. organizations, which serve as the national-level multiagency
coordination entities to advise and assist the President on
homeland security and other policy issues.
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Guidelines for Transportation Emergency Training Exercises
Command and Coordinating Structure in the National Response Plan
Field Level Regional Level National Level
NIMS Framework
The structure for NRP coordination is based on the NIMS construct:
Incident Command System/Unified Command on-scene supported by an
Area Command (if needed), multiagency coordination centers, and
multiagency coordination entities.
Multiagency Coordination
JFO Interagency
Entity
Coordination Incident
· Strategic coordination
Group Management
· Prioritization between incidents and
associated resource allocation Group
EOCs/Multiagency
Coordination Centers Local State Regional Homeland
Emergency Ops Emergency Ops Joint Field Response Security
· Support and coordination
Office Coordination Operations
· Identifying resource shortages Center Center
and issues Center Center
· Gathering and providing
information
· Implementing multiagency coordination
The role of regional
coordinating structures
Incident Command varies depending on the
· Directing on-scene The focal point for coordination of federal situation. Many incidents may
emergency management support is the Joint Field Office. As be coordinated by regional
appropriate, the JFO maintains connectivity structures using regional
with federal elements in the ICP in support assets. Larger, more complex
of state, local and tribal efforts. incidents may require direct
coordination between the JPO
Area and national level, with
Command regional components
An Area Command is established when the continuing to play a
complexity of the incident and incident supporting role.
management span-of-control
considerations so dictate.
Incident Incident Incident
Command Post Command Post Command Post
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Guidelines for Transportation Emergency Training Exercises
Overview of Initial Federal Involvement under the Stafford Act
EOC = Emergency Operations Center
Homeland Incident
Security Ops
Center Occurs
Monitors threats
& potential
Federal incidents Local First Responders
Alerts
Arrive first at scene
Assistance
NRP Mayor/County
Resources Executive
Delivers
May deploy in Activates local EOC
advance of
Joint Field imminent Requests aid
Office danger from
Provides
coordination of
federal Governor
resources Activates state EOC
Preliminary
Damage
Activates Assessment
& Requests
President For
Declares major Presidential
Emergency
disaster or Declaration
Response
emergency Homeland
Team or other
Security Ops
elements
Center
Deployed as Evaluates
necessary situation
Activates DHS and Reports
others to
Implement Secretary, DHS
National Reviews situation,
Response Plan assesses need for May convene
disaster
Activates declaration and
activation of NRP
elements Interagency
Incident
Management
Group
Frames
operational
courses of action
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Guidelines for Transportation Emergency Training Exercises
Emergency Support Functions in the National Response Plan
Emergency Support Function Scope of Activities
ESF #1 - Transportation Transportation support/movement of civil population
Transportation safety
Restoration/recovery of transportation infrastructure
Movement restrictions
Damage and impact assessment
ESF #2 - Communications Coordination with telecommunication industry
Restoration/repair of telecommunications infrastructure
Protection, restoration, and sustainment of national cyber and
information technology resources
ESF #3 - Infrastructure (Public Infrastructure protection and emergency repair
Works and Engineering) Infrastructure restoration
Engineering services, construction management
Critical infrastructure liaison
ESF #4 - Firefighting Firefighting activities
Resource support to rural and urban firefighting operations
ESF #5 - Emergency Coordination of incident management efforts
Management Issuance of mission assignments
Resource and human capital
Incident action planning
Financial management
ESF #6 - Mass Care, Housing, Mass care
and Human Services Disaster housing
Human services
ESF #7 - Resource Support and Resource support (facility space, office equipment and
Logistics supplies, contracting services, etc.)
ESF #8 - Public Health and Public health
Medical Services Medical service and mental health services
Mortuary services
ESF #9 - Urban Search and Life-saving assistance
Rescue Urban search and rescue
ESF #10 - Oil and Hazardous Environmental safety and short- and long-term cleanup
Materials Response
ESF #11 - Agriculture and Nutrition assistance
Natural Resources Animal and plant disease/pest response
Food safety and security
Natural/cultural resources and historic properties protection
and restoration
ESF #12 - Energy Energy infrastructure assessment, repair, and restoration
Energy industry utilities coordination
Energy forecast
ESF #13 Law Enforcement Facility and resource security
Security planning and technical and resource assistance
Public safety/security support
Support for access, traffic, and crowd control
ESF #14 - Long-Term Recovery Social and economic community impact assessment
Long-term community recovery assistance to states, local
governments, and the private sector
Mitigation analysis and program implementation
ESF #15 - External Affairs Emergency public information and protective action guidance
Media and community relations
Congressional and international affairs
Tribal and insular affairs
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Guidelines for Transportation Emergency Training Exercises
Command and Coordinating Structures in the
National Incident Management System
Structure Description
ICS The management system used to direct all operations at the
(Incident incident scene. The incident commander is located at an
Command incident command post at the incident scene.
System)
UC A type of ICS used when there are two or more agencies with
(Unified incident jurisdiction. Agencies work together through their
Command) designated incident commanders at a single incident command
post to establish a common set of objectives and strategies
and a common incident action plan.
Area Command A type of ICS used when there are two or more incidents in
(Unified Area close proximity. Area command works directly with incident
Command) commanders. Area command becomes unified area command
when incidents are multijurisdictional. Area command may be
established at an EOC facility or at a location other than an
incident command post.
EOC A facility or location from which the overall direction, control,
(Emergency and decision making of an operational response is coordinated.
Operating EOCs are used in various ways at all levels of government and
Centers) within private industry to provide coordination, direction, and
control during emergencies. EOC facilities can also be used to
house area command and MACS activities as determined by
agency or jurisdiction policy.
MACS Organizations used to coordinate resources between agencies
(Multiagency or jurisdictions. MACS are useful for regional situations or for
Coordination coordinating among federal and state agencies. MACS can be
Systems) established at a jurisdictional EOC or at a separate facility.
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Command Structures in the National Incident Management System
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