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OCR for page 23
The Decision Model 23
Step 6--Apply Differentiators START
Use
Step 6 should be used when more than one type of procurement package is identified by Table outsourc-
ing
4 in Step 5. Step 6 uses the following criteria to help you reduce the number of alternatives: process
(procure-
ment
· Systems manager is preferred to design-build when a significant amount of new soft- package
6 or 7)
ware development is required. STEP 1
· Design-build is preferred over systems manager only for major projects when signif- INITIAL
DECISIONS
icant amounts of field construction are involved and there is a desire to reduce imple- Use Other
consulting services
mentation delays associated with having to administer multiple procurement process being
(procure- procured.
contracts. The schedule constraints input into this step (as depicted in the Decision Model ment Not
package covered
diagram) highlights the time constraint of implementing a complex system, which makes 5) by this
design-build a potentially attractive alternative. Model.
· The evolutionary systems engineering model is generally preferred over the spiral STEP 2
WORK
Yes
DISTRIBUTION
model because it is less costly and easier to apply. The spiral model should only be
Send
used in the event that complex, untested, new developments are required. Take another
individual
projects
· If a project includes both new software and field construction, consider splitting it look at the need through
for consultant the
into multiple contracts. assistance before Decision
moving on to the Model.
· Low-bid contracting should be used only next step.
In the unlikely event that it is required by agency policy, or No
If projects are limited to field construction and supply of off-the-shelf equipment.
· Commodity procurement is applicable if an existing ITS package is available that does STEP 3 STEP 4
DEFINE PROJECT DETERMINE
not require any modification to meet agency's requirements except for CATEGORY(IES) AGENCY
CAPABILITY LEVEL
New drivers for interface with communications and field equipment,
A new database reflecting system configuration, and STEP 5
SELECT APPLICABLE
New map graphics. SYSTEMS
ENGINEERING
PROCESS(ES) &
If, after considering these differentiators, you still find yourself with multiple solutions, work CANDIDATE
PROCUREMENT
with your agency's procurement officials to select the preferred alternative (Step 7). PACKAGE(S)
Before moving on to Step 7, you may need to re-assess the need for consulting assistance
and/or provision of field construction and field equipment supply. In Step 1, this assessment was STEP 6
APPLY
based on overall considerations of the extent and type of work to be performed. During Step 6, DIFFERENTIATORS
Schedule
the needs of the contracting package for consulting assistance should be reviewed. Other Constraints
approaches also might require consulting assistance as defined by procurement package 5. For STEP 7
PACKAGE
example, the following contracting packages may require consulting assistance: ASSESSMENT
AND FINAL
SELECTIONS
· A design consultant must prepare the 100% design and a package of plans, specifications, and
estimates (PS&E) to be used during the low-bid process. Therefore, two contracts will be
STEP 8
required: one for the design consultant and a second for the low-bid implementation contractor. DEFINE CONTRACT
· A systems manager contractor is, in effect, a consultant. For this reason, major items of field SCOPE AND TERMS
& CONDITIONS
construction and the furnishing of field equipment must be performed by contractors selected
on a low-bid basis. Therefore, two or more contracts will be required: one for the systems man-
ager and additional contracts for construction, electrical contracting, and equipment supply. END
These additional contracts will all be low bid. All of this work (construction, electrical Schedule constraints for complex ITS
contracting, and equipment supply) may be combined into a single contract for field device projects may make design-build an
appropriate alternative.
implementation. Low bid is NOT appropriate for projects
· A design consultant must prepare a 30% design to be used for the selection and negotiations involving software development.
with a design-build contractor. Therefore, two contracts are required: one for the design con-
sultant and a second for the design-build contractor. Note that some agencies with significant
ITS expertise and design personnel on staff (Level 3) could prepare 30% design plans in-house.
Commodity procurements often require the services of a systems integrator, systems manager,
or design-build contractor to implement the COTS product being acquired.
