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APPENDIX C
Glossaries of Terms and Acronyms
Table C1. Glossary of terms.
Term Definition
Alighting To land, to depart.
A third-party- or industrial-organization-developed standard that the commandant
Alternative Security
has determined provides an equivalent level of security to that established by current
Program
federal and U.S. Coast Guard regulations.
The U.S. Coast Guard officer designated by the commandant to command a specific
Area Commander
Coast Guard area.
Area Maritime Security The committee established to assist and advise in the development, review, and
Committee update of the area maritime security plan for its Captain of the Port zone.
Area of Responsibility A Coast Guard area, district, marine inspection zone, or Captain of the Port zone.
An evaluation of a security assessment or security plan--performed by the owner or
operator, the owner or operator's designee, or an approved third party--intended to
Audit
identify deficiencies, non-conformities, and/or inadequacies that would render the
assessment or plan insufficient.
A commonly used measurement to determine auto-deck capacity to keep the vessel
Auto Equivalent Units balanced. The measurement is based on the space that a boarding vehicle occupies
(AEUs) compared with the space of a standard vehicle to determine weight constraints for
vehicle ferries.
Automatic A shipboard broadcast system that acts like a transponder, operates in the VHF
Identification System maritime band, is capable of handling thousands of reports per minute, and updates
(AIS) as often as every 2 seconds.
An incident that has not resulted in a transportation security incident because security
Breach of Security
measures have been circumvented, eluded, or violated.
Captain of the Port The local officer exercising authority for the Captain of the Port zones. The COTP is
(COTP) the maritime security coordinator and the port facility security officer.
Catamaran A vessel with twin hulls and usually a deck or superstructure connecting the hulls.
Circulator Service A ferry service on a fixed route without a fixed schedule.
Pertaining to services providing intercity and interisland trips on saltwater and large
Coastal freshwater lakes. Travel times range from 1 hour to 1 day. Service frequency often
ranges from daily to weekly.
Commandant Commandant (i.e., head) of the U.S. Coast Guard.
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Appendix C: Glossaries of Terms and Acronyms 57
Table C1. (Continued).
Term Definition
Urban passenger train service for short-distance travel between a central city and
Commuter Rail
adjacent suburbs. Commuter rail does not include heavy-rail or light-rail service.
Company A person or entity that owns any facility or vessel subject to 33 CFR, Subchapter H.
The personnel engaged on-board ship, excluding the master and officers and the
Crew
passengers on passenger ships.
A small superstructure on the top deck of a vessel that contains the helm and other
Deck House
navigational instruments.
A training event that tests at least one component of the area maritime security,
Drill vessel, or facility security plan and is used to maintain a higher level of security
readiness.
An alternative measure that can take the place of a 33 CFR 104 and 105 required measure.
Equivalent Security
Equivalent security measures must be approved by the commandant (GMP) as meeting or
Measure
exceeding the effectiveness of the required measures in 33 CFR 104 and 105.
Essential Service Routes used when no other modes of transportation are available to the specific
Routes destination serviced.
A comprehensive training event that involves several of the functional elements of
Exercise
the area maritime security, vessel, or facility security plan.
Ferry services that generally operate during peak commuter hours by both demand-
Express Services
based and fixed-route service.
Any structure that is located in, on, under, or adjacent to any waters subject to the
jurisdiction of the United States. A facility may be used, operated, or maintained by a
Facility
public or private entity, including any contiguous or adjoining property under
common ownership or operations.
The person responsible for the development, implementation, revision, and
Facility Security Officer maintenance of the facility security plan. The facility security officer communicates
with the COTP and company and vessel security officers.
The plan developed to ensure the application of security measures designed to protect
Facility Security Plan the facility and its servicing vessels or those vessels interfacing with the facility, their
cargoes, and persons on-board at the respective MARSEC levels.
A vessel that (a) is limited in its use to the carriage of deck passengers or vehicles, or
both and (b) operates on a short-run, frequent schedule between two or more points
Ferry
over the most direct water route, other than in ocean or coastwise service. A ferry
may also be a hovercraft, hydrofoil, or other high-speed vessel.
Service that may operate in peak hours bypassing intervening islands. Alternatively,
Ferry Service Express some trips may be operated by high-speed or passenger-only ferries as opposed to the
regular ferry, which could be considered as express service of a sort.
A service confined to metropolitan areas and small cities where offshore islands,
Ferry Service Transit bays, and wide rivers preclude any other type of service at a reasonable cost. In a few
places, service may operate between two points on the same shore.
Service where at least one terminal is within an urbanized area. Such service
Ferry Service Urban
excludes international, rural, rural Interstate, island, and urban park ferries.
Service in which the beginning and ending points are fixed. By law, ferryboat
Fixed Guideways services are considered fixed guideways. Though each trip may take a slightly
different course due to water conditions, the beginning and ending points are fixed.
Routes that have a fixed point for a beginning and end. By law, ferryboats are
Fixed Routes considered fixed guideways. Each trip may take a slightly different course, but the
end and beginning are fixed points.
(continued on next page)
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58 Part II: Characteristics of the U.S. Ferry System
Table C1. (Continued).
Term Definition
A narrow, portable platform used as a passage by persons entering or leaving a vessel
Gangway
moored alongside a pier or quay.
The internal cubic capacity of all spaces in and on the vessel that are permanently
Gross Tons enclosed, with the exception of certain permissible exemptions. It is expressed in
tons of 100 cubic feet.
High-Occupancy
A highway travel lane reserved for vehicles carrying two or more passengers.
Vehicle
A vessel used for the transportation of passengers and cargo that rides on a cushion
Hovercraft
of air formed under it. It is very maneuverable and amphibious.
A motorboat that has metal plates or fins attached by struts fore and aft for lifting the
Hydrofoil
hull clear of the water as speed is attained.
Intercity Connecting two or more cities.
Intercoastal Describing external waterways that run along coasts or gulfs.
Interstate Connecting two or more states.
Intracoastal Describing internal waterways such as lakes, rivers, and harbors.
Intrastate Connecting within a state.
Knot The unit of speed equivalent to one nautical mile, or 6,080.20 feet per hour.
Linear Service Ferry service with multiple stops (e.g., along a waterfront).
A national network of waterway systems, ports, and their intermodal landside
Marine Transportation connections that allows the various modes of transportation (i.e., vessels, vehicles,
System and other system users) to move people and goods on the water. This system includes
extensive regional and local passenger ferry systems.
An instruction issued by the commandant or his/her delegate mandating specific
Maritime Security
security measures for vessels and facilities that may be involved in a transportation
Directive
security incident.
The levels reflecting the prevailing threat environment to the marine elements of the
Maritime Security national transportation system, including ports, vessels, facilities, and critical assets
Levels and infrastructure located on or adjacent to water subject to the jurisdiction of the
United States.
Maritime Legislation passed as public law 107-295 on November 25, 2002, that implements,
Transportation Security mandates, and regulates the security for maritime transportation vessels, assets,
Act and facilities.
The level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall be
MARSEC Level 1
maintained at all times.
The level for which moderate protective security measures shall be maintained for a
MARSEC Level 2
period of time as a result of heightened risk of a transportation security incident.
The level for which maximum protective security measures shall be maintained for a
MARSEC Level 3 limited period of time as a result of heightened risk of a transportation security
incident.
The holder of a license that authorizes the individual to serve as a master, operator,
Master
or person in charge of the rated vessel.
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Appendix C: Glossaries of Terms and Acronyms 59
Table C1. (Continued).
Term Definition
Routes located in and serving areas designated as metropolitan. These routes are used to
transport individuals from one point in a metropolitan area to another. For example, New
Metropolitan Routes
York City is a metropolitan area and the ferry systems support the transportation of the
city.
Monohull A vessel with a single hull.
Mooring Line A cable or line to tie up a ship.
Naval Vessel Protection A 500-yard regulated area of water surrounding large U.S. naval vessels that is necessary
Zone to provide for the safety or security of these U.S. naval vessels.
Detailed guidance about the enforcement of or compliance with certain federal
marine safety regulations and Coast Guard marine safety programs. NVICs are non-
directive, meaning that they do not have the force of law, but they are important tools
Navigation and Vessel
for complying with the law. Non-compliance with an NVIC is not a violation of the
Inspection Circular
law in and of itself; however, non-compliance with an NVIC may indicate that a law
(NVIC)
is being violated. NVICs are used internally by the Coast Guard to ensure that
inspections and other regulatory actions conducted by field personnel are adequate,
complete, and consistent.
Nonstop Ferry Route Direct nonstop ferry service between two locations that may or may not make up
Segment part of a greater overall multi-stop route or route system.
Any person or entity that owns or maintains operational control over any facility
Owner or Operator
subject to 33 CFR Subchapter H.
(1) On an international voyage, a vessel carrying more than 12 passengers, including
at least one passenger-for-hire; and (2) on a domestic voyage, (i) a vessel of at least
100 gross register tons carrying more than 12 passengers, including at least one
passenger-for-hire; (ii) a vessel of less than 100 gross register tons carrying more
Passenger Vessel
than 6 passengers, including at least one passenger-for-hire; (iii) a vessel that is
chartered and carrying more than 12 passengers; (iv) a submersible vessel that is
carrying at least one passenger-for-hire; or (v) a wing-in-ground craft, regardless of
tonnage, that is carrying at least one passenger-for-hire.
"A passenger for whom consideration is contributed as a condition of carriage on the vessel,
whether directly or indirectly flowing to the owner, charterer, operator, agent, or any other
Passenger-for-Hire
person having an interest in the vessel" (46 CFR 2101.21a). In other words, a passenger-
for-hire is a passenger who must give something (e.g., money, fuel, or labor) in exchange
for being a passenger. This distinction separates business-type arrangements from friends
on a boat ride.
Vessels having only passenger decks, though they may also have space for bicycles.
They can range from small boats about 50 feet long holding about 50 people to the
310-foot-long Staten Island ferries in New York, which can accommodate 6,000
Passenger-Only Ferries
people. Because they do not have vehicle decks, they need not be square-ended and
may be side-loading and have pointed bows. Catamaran (double hull) and hydrofoil
(skimming the surface of the water) styles may be used for high-speed services.
The enclosed space on the navigating bridge from which a ship is controlled when
Pilot House
underway.
Point-to-Point Ferry Serving only two locations, in which case the route consists of a single nonstop ferry
Route Segment/Service route segment.
(continued on next page)
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60 Part II: Characteristics of the U.S. Ferry System
Table C1. (Continued).
Term Definition
Privately Owned and When the title and operation of the boat and the terminal are vested by a private
Privately Operated entity.
Privately Owned and When the title for the boat or terminal is vested in a private entity and the operation of the
Publicly Operated boat or terminal is under contract between the private and public entity.
A facility that (1) is used by the public primarily for purposes such as recreation,
entertainment, retail, or tourism, and not for receiving vessels subject to part 104; (2)
has minimal infrastructure for servicing vessels subject to part 104 of this chapter;
Public Access Facility
and (3) receives only (i) vessels not subject to part 104 of this chapter, or (ii)
passenger vessels, except (A) ferries certified to carry vehicles; (B) cruise ships; or
(C) passenger vessels subject to SOLAS Chapter XI.
When the title for the boat or terminal is vested in a federal, state, county, town, township,
Publicly Owned and
Indian tribe, municipal or other local government and the above operate the boat or
Operated
terminal.
When the title for the boat or terminal is vested in a federal, state, county, town, township,
Publicly Owned and
Indian tribe, municipal or other local government and a private entity operates the boat or
Privately Operated terminal.
A barge equipped with railroad tracks used to move rail cars across water. Typically,
Railroad Carfloat
a tugboat tows the carfloat.
The infrastructure or locations identified in an area, vessel, or facility security
assessment or by the operator that require limited access and a higher degree of
Restricted Area
security protection. The entire facility may be designated the restricted area as long
as the entire facility is provided the appropriate level of security.
Roll-On/ Roll-Off A vessel with ramps that allows wheeled vehicles to be loaded and discharged
(RO/RO) Vessel without cranes.
Service providing transportation across rivers and lakes when the construction of
Rural Service bridges is not warranted. Typically, these routes are short, operate on demand, carry
a limited number of vehicles, and accommodate pedestrians and bicycles.
A reasonable examination of persons, cargo, vehicles, or baggage for the protection
of the vessel, its passengers, and its crew. The purpose of the screening is to secure
the vital government interest of protecting vessels, harbors, and waterfront facilities
Screening
from destruction, loss, or injury due to sabotage or other causes of similar nature.
Such screening is intended to ensure that dangerous substances and devices or other
items that pose a real danger of violence or a threat to security are not present.
Service provided during a limited period each year (e.g., a ferry that runs all year
Seasonal Service
except during the winter).
A walkthrough to visually inspect unrestricted areas to identify unattended packages,
Security Sweep
briefcases, or luggage and determine that all restricted areas are secure.
A device or multiple devices designed, installed, and operated to monitor, detect,
Security System observe, or communicate about activity that may pose a security threat in a location
or locations on a vessel or facility.
Portions of a fixed route. When a ferry stops in between the two fixed points, it has
Segmented Routes
just completed a segment of the overall route.
A specific category of transportation security information that the Transportation
Sensitive Security
Security Administration has determined must be protected from improper disclosure
Information
to ensure transportation security as defined by 49 CFR Part 1520.
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Appendix C: Glossaries of Terms and Acronyms 61
Table C1. (Continued).
Term Definition
An experimental hull configuration similar to the two-hulled catamaran, but with
Small-Waterplane-Area
submerged hulls connected to the above-water deck by thin struts. This configuration
Twin Hull (SWATH)
allows for a wide deck and reduced drag, but is not suitable for heavy loads.
An on-scene examination and evaluation of the physical characteristics of a vessel or
Survey
facility and its security systems, processes, procedures, and personnel.
A bus designed for frequent-stop service with front and center doors, normally with a
rear-mounted diesel engine and low-back seating, and without luggage storage
Transit Bus
compartments or restroom facilities. Transit buses include motorbus and trolley coach.
Transportation Security A security incident resulting in a significant loss of life, environmental damage,
Incident transportation system disruption, or economic disruption in a particular area.
Unaccompanied Any baggage, including personal effects, not accompanied by a person who is
Baggage boarding the vessel.
Services that provide trips into major cities or within their metropolitan commuting areas
and experience periods of demand similar to those associated with other transportation
services. Operators provide point-to-point transit or stops (e.g., across a harbor), linear
Urban Services
service with multiple stops (e.g., along a waterfront), circulator service (e.g., fixed route,
not fixed schedule), and water taxi service (e.g., fixed landings, passenger pick-up on
demand).
Vessels having at least one deck for vehicles, with additional decks for passengers.
The largest vehicle ferries--which are in the Seattle, Washington, area--are more
Vehicle Ferries
than 460 feet long and accommodate 2,500 passengers and 218 vehicles. Such ferries
are normally square-ended to allow vehicle access and egress.
The person on-board the vessel, accountable to the master, and designated by the
company as responsible for (a) security of the vessel, including implementation and
Vessel Security Officer
maintenance of the vessel security plan, and (b) liaison with the facility security
officer and the vessel's company security officer.
The plan developed to ensure the application of security measures designed to protect
Vessel Security Plan the vessel and the facility that the vessel is servicing or interacting with the vessel's
cargoes and persons on-board at the respective MARSEC levels.
(1) Materials on-board a vessel for the upkeep, maintenance, safety, operation, or
navigation of the vessel and (2) materials on-board for the safety or comfort of the
Vessel Stores
vessel's passengers or crew, including any provisions for the vessel's passengers or crew.
A national transportation system that collects, processes, and disseminates information on
Vessel Traffic Service
the marine operating environment and maritime vessel traffic in major U.S. ports and
(VTS)
waterways.
The interaction that occurs when a vessel is directly and immediately affected by
Vessel-to-Port Interface actions involving the movement of persons, cargo, or vessel stores or the provisions
of port services to or from the vessel.
Exemptions from requirements. Prior to operating, any facility owner or operator
Waivers
may apply for a waiver for any requirement that the facility owner or operator
considers unnecessary in light of the nature or operating conditions of the facility.
Very small passenger-only ferries (about 50 feet or less in length) that may operate in
both fixed-route and on-demand service, depending on the time of day and patronage
Water Taxis
levels. They can load and unload very quickly and operate very frequently,
sometimes to several different points around a harbor or along a river.
Waters Subject to the All waters described in Section 2.36(a) of 33 CFR Subchapter H; the exclusive economic
Jurisdiction of the zone, in respect to the living and non-living resources therein, and, in respect to facilities
United States located on the outer continental shelf of the United States, the waters superjacent thereto.
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62 Part II: Characteristics of the U.S. Ferry System
Table C2. Glossary of acronyms.
Acronym Definition
AIS Automatic Information System
AMS Committee Area Maritime Security Committee
AOR Area of Responsibility
ASP Alternative Security Program
BTS Bureau of Transportation Statistics
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
COTP Captain of the Port
CSO Company Security Officer
DOT Department of Transportation
FSA Facility Security Assessment
FSO Facility Security Officer
FSP Facility Security Plan
GSM General Security Measure
HOV Lane High-Occupancy Vehicle Lane
HSAS Homeland Security Advisory System
IMO International Maritime Organization
ISPS International Ship and Port Security
ISTEA Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act
LNM Local Notice to Mariners
LO/LO Load-On/Load-Off
MARSEC Maritime Security
MSIS Database Marine Safety Information System Database
MTSA Maritime Transportation Security Act
NVIC Navigation and Vessel Inspection Circular
NVPZ Naval Vessel Protection Zone
PUC Public Utility Commission
PVA Passenger Vessel Association
RO/RO Roll-On/Roll-Off
SSI Sensitive Security Information
TEA-21 Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century
TSA Transportation Security Administration
TSI Transportation Security Incident
USCG U.S. Coast Guard
VHF Very High Frequency
VMRS Vessel Movement Reporting System
VSO Vessel Security Officer
VSP Vessel Security Plan
VTS Vessel Traffic Service
