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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1989. Investing in Research: A Proposal to Strengthen the Agricultural, Food, and Environmental System. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1397.
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Page 153
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1989. Investing in Research: A Proposal to Strengthen the Agricultural, Food, and Environmental System. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1397.
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Page 154
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1989. Investing in Research: A Proposal to Strengthen the Agricultural, Food, and Environmental System. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1397.
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Page 155

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References Agricultural Research Institute. 1985. A Survey of U.S. Agricultural Research by Private Industry III. Bethesda, Md.: Agricultural Research Institute. Best,D. 1988. Competing through it&D. Prepared Foods November:72-76. Boyer, J. S. 1982. Plant productivity and environ- ment. Science218:443-448. Bryan, F. L. 1980. Foodborne diseases in the United States associated with meet end poultry. Journal of Food Protection 43: 140-150. Business Week. June 20,1988. A perilous cutback in research spending. Pp. 139-162. Capalbo, S., and J. Antle, eds. 1988. Agricultural Productivity: Measurement and Explanation. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. Carnegie Institution. 1984. A Nation at Risk. New York: Carnegie Institution. Council of Economic Advisers. 1988. Economic Report of the President. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. Council of Economic Advisers. 1989. Economic Report of the President. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. Evenson, R. 1968. The Contribution of Agricultural Research and Extension to Agricultural Produc- tion. Ph.D. thesis. University of Chicago, Chi- cago, Ill. Evenson, R., P. Waggoner, and V. Ruttan. 1979. Economic benefits from research: An example from agriculture. Science 205:1101-1107. Experiment Station Committee on Organization and Policy. 1984. Research and Agricultural Trade. College Station, Tex.: Texas Agricultural Experi- ment Station. Experiment Station Committee on Organization and Policy. 1988. Research Initiatives: A Midterm Update of the Research Agenda for the State Agri 153 cultural Experiment Stations. College Station, Tex.: Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Life Sciences Research Office. 1984. Assessment of the Iron Nutritional Status of the U.S. Population Based on Data Collected in the Second National Health and Nutrition Examina- tion Survey, 1976-1980. Bethesda, Md.: Federa- tion of American Societies for Experimental Biol- ogy. Food Marketing Institute. 1989. Trends: Consumer Attitudes and the Supermarket, 1989. Washington, D.C.: Food Marketing Institute. Fox, G., R. Evenson, and V. Ruttan. 1987. Balancing basic and applied science: The case for agricultural research. Bioscience 37:507-509. Furtick, W. R. 1989. International dimension for the U.S. agricultural research agenda. Speech pre- sented at the Conference on International Agricul- tural Research: Its Relationship to U.S. Agricul- tural Productivity and Competitiveness, Washing- ton, D.C., April 10, 1989. Giese, R. L. 1988. Forest research: An imperiled system. Journal of Forestry 860une): 15-22. Harrington, D., G. Schluter, and P. O'Brien. 1986. Agriculture's Links to the National Economy. Economic Research Service, Agriculture Info~a- tion Bulletin No. 504. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Deparunent of Agriculture. Hauschild, A. H. W., end F. L. Bryan. 1980. Estimate of cases of food- and waterborne illness in Canada and the United States. Journal of Food Protection, 43:435 440. Institute of Food Technologists. 1988. Special Re- port: The Growth and Economic Impact of the Food Processing Industry. Chicago: Institute of Food Technologists.

154 InternationalLife Sciences Institute. 1987. Review of Research Activities to Improve Risk Assessment for Carcinogens. Washington, D.C.: International Life Sciences Institute. Leopold, A. 1968. A Sand County Almanac. London: Oxford University Press. (Reprint of the 1949 edition.) Miller, L. A. 1988. Continuing the Momentum: History, Growth, and Future Challenges. Wash- ington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture. NationalAcademyof Engineering. 1989. Technol- ogy and Competitiveness. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 1988. Federal Science and Technology Priorities: New Perspectives and Procedures. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Agricultural Chemicals Association. 1986. Industry Profile Survey, 1986. National Agricul- tural Chemicals Association, Washington, D.C. Photocopy. National Agricultural Research and Extension Users Advisory Board. 1987. Appraisal of the Proposed 1988 Budget for Food and Agricultural Sciences: Report to the President and Congress. Washing- ton, D.C.: National Agricultural Research and Extension Users Advisory Board. National Agricultural Research and Extension Users Advisory Board. 1988. Appraisal of the Proposed 1989 Budget for Food and Agricultural Sciences: Report to the President and Congress. Washing- ton, D.C.: National Agricultural Research and Extension Users Advisory Board. National Center for Health Statistics. 1988. Monthly Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 37, No. 1, April 25. Washington, D.C.: National Center for Health Statistics. National Institutes of Health, Division of Research Grants. In press. NIH Data Book 1989. Washing- ton, D.C.: National Institutes of Health. National Research Council. 1969. An Evaluation of the Salmonella Problem. Report of the Committee on Salmonella, Division of Biology and Agncul- ture. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. National Research Council. 1972. Report of the Committee on Research Advisory to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. INVESTING IN RESEARCH National Research Council. 1983a. Report of the Briefing Panel on Agricultural Research. Wash- ington, D.C.: National Academy Press. NationalResearch Council. 1983b. Risk Assessment in the Federal Government: Managing the Process. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. NationalResearch Council. 1985a. Meat and Poultry Inspection: The Scientific Basis of the Nation's Program. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council. 1985b. Report of the Research Briefing Panel on Biotechnology in Agriculture. Washington, D.C.: National Acad- emy Press. National Research Council. 1987a. Agricultural Biotechnology. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council. 1987b. Improving Re- search through Peer Review. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council. 1988a. Designing Foods: Animal Product Options in the Marketplace. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council. 1988b. Educating the Next Generation of Agricultural Scientists. Wash- ington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council. 1988c. Expansion of the National Seed Storage Laboratory: Program and Design Considerations. Washington, D.C.: Na- tional Academy Press. National Research Council. 1988d. Understanding Agriculture: New Directions forEducation. Wash- ington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council. 1989a. Alternative Agriculture. Washington, D.C.: National Acad- emy Press. National Research Council. 1989b. Diet and Health: Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease Risk. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council. l989c. FOCUS 1988: Proceedings of a National Symposium Honoring USDA Food and Agricultural Sciences National Needs Graduate Fellows. Washington, D.C.: Na- tional Academy Press. National Science Foundation. Various years. Federal funds for research and development, detailed his- torical tables: Various fiscal years. In Federal Obligations for Total Research and Development by Major Agency and Performer: Various Fiscal Years. Washington, D.C.: Division of Science Resources Studies, National Science Foundation.

REFERENCES NationalScience Foundation. 1988a. BudgetSum- mary FY 1989. Washington, D.C.: National Sci- ence Foundation. NationalScience Foundation. 1988b. Characteristics of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers in the United States. NSF Report No. 88-331. Washington, D.C.: National Science Foundation. National Science Foundation. 1989. An Assessment of the Impact of Recent Leveraged Buyouts and Other Restructurings on Industrial Research and Development Expenditures. Washington, D.C.: National Science Foundation. Office of Management of Budget. 1989. Budget of the United States Government. Special Analysis J. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. Pardey, P. G., and J. Roseboom. 1989. Agricultural Research Indicator Series: A Global Data Base on National Agricultural Research Systems. Cam- bridge: Cambridge University Press. Pray, C., and C. Neumeyer. 1989. Trends and Com- position of Private Food and Agricultural R&D Expenditure in the United States. New Brunswick, NJ.: DepartmentofAgriculturalEconomics,Cook College, Rutgers University. Ruttan, V. W. 1982. Agricultural Research Policy. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Thurow, L. C. 1989. GATE Is Dead. Background Paper for the World Economic Forum, Davos, Switzerland. U.S. Congress. 1988. Congressional Record, 100th Cong.,2d sees., pp. H8487-H8494, September 18, 1988. Washington,D.C. U.S. Congress, House. 1988. H.R. 100-658 on H. Con. Res. 268. 100th Cong. 1st sess. U.S. Deparcrnent of Agriculture. 1988. Agricultural Statistics. Report No. 001-000-W532-6. Wash- ington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. U.S . Department of Agriculture. 1989a. 1990 Budget Summary. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1989b. Performance Report: Natural Resources and Environment Pol- icyandProgramArea: 1981-1988. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Re- search Service. 1983. Agricultural Research Serv- ice Program Plan. Miscellaneous Publication No. 1429. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 155 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Re- search Service. 1985. AgriculturalResearch Serv- ice Program Plan: 6-Year Implementation Plan, 1986-1992. Washington,D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative State Research Service. Various years. Inventory of Agricultural Research, Various Fiscal Years. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agricul- ture. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. 1987. Farm Sector Review. Report ECIFS 74. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. 1988a. Food Consumption, Prices, and Expenditures, 1966-87. Statistical Bulletin No. 773. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. 1988b. Income distribution by type of farm, 1985-1986. In Economic Indicators of the Farm Sector. Farm Sector Review, 1986. Report ECIFS 6-3. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. 1989. TheERS in 1989. April. Washing- ton, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Joint Council for Food and Agricultural Sciences. 1980. Five-Year Plan for the Food and Agricultural Sciences: A Report to the Secretary of Agriculture. Washing- ton, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture. U.S . Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Public Health Service. 1988. The Surgeon Gen- eral's Report on Nutrition and Health. U.S. Public Health Service, U.S. Deparunent of Health and H u m a n S e r v i c e s P u b 1 i c a t i 0 n N o .88 - 50210. W a s h - ington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. U.S. General Accounting Office. 1987. Agricultural Competitiveness: An Overview of the Challenge to Enhance Exports. Washington, D.C.: U.S. General Accounting Office. White, F. C. 1987. Distribution of agricultural re- search impacts. Pp. 111-121 in Evaluating Agri- cultural Research and Productivity: Proceedings of a Symposium. Miscellaneous Publication No. 52-1987. Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station. St. Paul: University of Minnesota.

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This book provides an analysis of funding for agricultural research in the United States and presents a proposal to strengthen this system. Its premise is that a judicious but substantial increase in research funding through competitive grants is the best way to sustain and strengthen the U.S. agricultural, food, and environmental system. The proposal calls for an increased public investment in research; a broadened scientific scope and expanded program areas of research; and four categories of competitively awarded grants, with an emphasis on multidisciplinary research.

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