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8 CHAPTER 3 Planning Considerations for Airport Quarantine There are several unique planning features associated with For purposes of this analysis, it is assumed that quarantine of quarantine of the crew and passengers of a commercial aircraft 200 people for up to 2 weeks would be established on prop- arriving in the United States. The National Aviation Resources erty owned or controlled by the airport and away from the Manual for Quarantinable Diseases identifies nine considera- terminal. This is not the only potential location where a quar- tions for planning in the event that quarantine is needed. That antine facility could be established and operated. At least manual recommends the following be addressed in the plan- two other possible scenarios--quarantine within the airport ning process: terminal and an off-site quarantine facility--should be in- vestigated further. The following analysis identifies the major 1. Identifying a secure location and requisite lodging for quar- anticipated costs but makes no assumptions or judgments antine. (Space must be adequate and safe). about who would be responsible for them. 2. Identifying the staff needed to sustain, enforce, and provide There are no assumptions made about who would be re- services to quarantined individuals and from where this sponsible for all the associated costs of quarantine under staff will come. (Food, water, and sanitation are among the these circumstances. This report identifies the major antic- basics). ipated costs without regard for who would pick up the tab. 3. Identifying the supplies needed to sustain quarantine and In reality, costs would be spread among various entities de- from where these supplies will come. pending on who is liable for covering what costs. 4. Identifying the medical and mental health needs of the quarantined population and how these needs will be met. Location (Physical and emotional support may be needed). 5. Identifying the special needs of the quarantined popula- There are several possible locations on airport property for tion (e.g., children, pregnant women, people with disabil- establishing a quarantine facility, each of which would present ities, and differing cultures and religions) and how these its own challenges. The options include dedicating an existing needs will be met. facility to this purpose such as an unused hangar; identifying a 6. Identifying the support organizations available to assist in facility used for another purpose that could be shifted to use as managing quarantine. a quarantine area (e.g., a portion of a terminal building); or de- 7. Identifying the financial needs for managing quarantine. termining a site on which temporary facilities could be erected. 8. Addressing the legal needs for managing quarantine (e.g., Trailers, tents, or other types of emergency shelter might be due process protections for quarantined passengers and feasible depending on the time of year and the weather. Deter- flight crew). mining the optimum location from an operational and cost 9. Addressing media and public information issues [e.g., set- standpoint will depend on the specifics of the airport, but the ting up a Joint Information Center (JIC)].2 following factors should be considered. This report addresses the planning considerations specific to Space Requirements an airport quarantine site and the estimated associated costs. How much space is needed to sustain quarantine for as 2National Aviation Resource Manual for Quarantinable Diseases, many as 200 people for up to 14 days? If quarantine is consid- U.S. Department of Transportation, December 2006. ered a form of "medical sheltering" to protect a community